"Continued Learning - Key to Progress
ir
Painting used by courtesy of Lincoln First Federal Savings and
Loan Association, Spokane, for whom it was originally painted
by Norman Rockwell.
PLAN NOW TO ATTEND
For information write or call Education Weeks Office, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, or contact your local stake officers.
This is the theme of the BYU Education Weeks (formerly Leadership Weeks) called the nation's great- est experiment in adult education. They will be pre- sented in 43 locations in the summer of 1964. More than 35,000 persons attended last year. In addition 47 one-day education events are being held so that some type of BYU class is within reach of almost every Church member in the United States and Can- ada. Classes will be taught by 60 BYU professors and other local teachers in concentrated subjects in science, religion, literature, personal development, government, skills, and hundreds of others. Check the following schedule for an Education Week in your area.
ARIZONA CIRCUIT
Snowflake, Arizona June 1, 2, 3
Mesa, Arizona June 4, 5, 6
Phoenix, Arizona June 8, 9, 10
SOUTHERN NEVADA CIRCUIT
Las Vegas, Nevada June 4, 5, 6
UTAH CIRCUIT
Ogden South June 1, 2, 3
Ogden North June 4, 5, 6
Provo, BYU Campus June 8, 9, 10, 11
Jordan Valley June 17, 18, 19
Granger-Kearns June 22, 23, 24
Sugar House June 25, 26, 27
SOUTHWEST CIRCUIT
Thatcher, Arizona June 17, 18, 19
El Paso-Juarez, Texas June 22, 23, 24
Albuquerque, New Mexico June 26, 27, 29
PACIFIC NORTHWEST CIRCUIT
Portland, Oregon June 18, 19, 20
Tacoma, Washington June 23, 24, 25
Seattle, Washington June 26, 27, 29
Moses Lake, Washington July 1, 2, 3
CANADIAN NORTHWEST CIRCUIT
Calgary, Canada July 2, 3, 4
Lethbridge, Canada July 7, 8, 9
Spokane, Washington July 11, 13, 14
IDAHO CIRCUIT
Rexburg, Idaho June 18, 19, 20
Idaho Falls, Idaho June 22, 23, 24
Blackfoot, Idaho June 25, 26, 27
Pocatello, Idaho June 29, 30, July 1
Boise, Idaho July 6, 7, 8
Ontario, Oregon July 9, 10, 11
Jerome, Idaho July 13, 14, 15
Burley, Idaho July 16, 17, 18
Preston, Idaho August 26, 27, 28
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CIRCUIT
San Fernando July 22, 23, 24
Santa Barbara July 24, 25
Santa Monica July 28, 29, 30
Long Beach July 31, August 1, 3
San Diego August 6, 7, 8
Orange County August 10, 11, 12
Pasadena August 13, 14, 15
Mt. Rubidoux August 17, 18, 19
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA-NEVADA CIRCUIT
Bakersfield July 22, 23
Sacramento July 25, 27, 28
Oakland July 30, 31, August 1
Fresno August 4, 5
Reno, Nevada August 7, 8
COLORADO CIRCUIT
Denver, Colorado August 26, 27, 28
BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY
Exploring
the
Universe
By Dr. Franklin S. Harris Jr.
NOVEL INSECT CONTROL WORKS
Several years ago the Era reported that male screw-worm flies bred in captivity, sterilized by X-rays, and released, offered promise of control of this fly which cost about a 100 million dollar loss in cattle a year. The basic research costs about a million dollars. Application of this new and novel technique of insect control in Florida in two years practically eliminated the insect with a savings in Florida alone of many times the research cost.
FORESTS OF BRAZIL
The forests of Brazil have over twenty-five hundred different species of trees.
WAGON ROAD IN ROCK
A wagon road four feet deep in solid rock has been ground by the wheels passing over the Oregon Trail along the North Platte River near Guern- sey, Wyoming.
PALESTINE POPULATION
The population in Palestine in the time of David (about 975 BC) was about three-quarters of a million, and in the time of Isaiah (about 700 BC) about a million, compared with about a million and a half at the opening of the Christian era under Roman rule. These are the esti- mates of Professor W. F. Albright.
>UfcU>
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and brown sugar ... as well as fine granulated and superfine . . . same high quality . . . same pure natural food energy . . . home-grown and home produced.
It's Pure Food Energy "From Our Land"
MAY 1964
The Improvement Era
The Voice of the Church
Official organ of the Priesthood Quorums, Mutual Improvement Associations, Home Teaching, Music Committee, Department of Education, and other agencies of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Contents for May 1964
Volume 67, Number 5
Church Features
The Editor's Page: The Influence of the Temples, President David O. McKay 348
Your Question: Why Should There Be Temples
President Joseph Fielding Smith .'. 350
The Church Moves On, 340; Melchizedek Priesthood, 409; Presiding Bishopric's Page, 410.
Special Features
The Oakland Temple, Harold W. Burton, W. Aird Macdonald 380
Colored Pictures of Oakland Temple 384-385
The Purpose of the Temple, President David O. McKay 352
Colored Pictures of Temple Interiors .. 355-358
The Church in Early California, Albert L. Zobell, Jr 370
The Church in Northern California Today 374
Mothers and Grandmothers, Irma F, Bitner 363
Sportsmanship and Fair Play, Clarence Robison 364
Can the Absolute Become Obsolete? Herbert F. Murray, Jr. 408
The Gospel of Jesus Christ and the Pursuit of Truth, Sterling R. Provost 368
Genealogy: Pertinent Questions Answered 366
The Spoken Word from Temple Square, Richard L. Evans 406, 416, 417
Exploring the Universe, Franklin S. Harris, Jr., 337; Letters and Reports, 342; These Times-: Food, Dr. G. Homer Durham, 344.
Today's Family: Florence B. Pinnock, Editor
A Mother Is 412
The Era of Youth 419
The Last Word .432
Stories, Poetry
The Legacy, Virginia Maughan Kammeyer 360
Poetry 347, 359, 386, 388, 394, 400, 402, 404, 406, 416, 418
The Improvement Era Offices, 135 South State Street, Salt Lake City 11, Utah
David O. McKay and Richard L. Evans, Editors; Doyle L. Green, Managing Editor; Marba C. Josephson, Associate Managing Editor; Albert L. Zobell, Jr.,
Research Editor; Carter E. Grant, Donna Higgins, Becki Fillmore, Editorial Associates; Florence B. Pinnock, Today's Family Editor; Marion D. Hanks,
The Era of Youth Editor; Elaine Cannon, The Era of Youth Associate Editor; Art Direction: Ralph Reynolds Studio.
G. Homer Durham, Franklin S. Harris, Jr., Hugh Nibley, Sidney B. Sperhy, Alma A. Gardiner, Contributing Editors.
G. Carlos Smith, Jr., General Manager; Florence S. Jacobsen, Associate General Manager; Verl F. Scott, Business Manager; A. Glen Snarh, Subscription
Director; Thayer Evans, Advertising Director.
Copyright 1964 by Mutual Funds, Inc., and published by the Mutual Improvement Associations of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. All rights
reserved. Subscription price, $3.00 a year, in advance; multiple subscriptions, 2 years, $5.75; 3 years, $8.25; each succeeding year, $2.50 a year added to the
three year price.
Entered at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah as second-class matter. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in section 1103, act
of October 1917, authorized July 2, 1918.
The Improvement Era is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts but welcomes contributions. Manuscripts are paid for on acceptance at the rate of 2c
a word and must be accompanied by sufficient postage for delivery and return.
Thirty days' notice is required for change of address. When ordering a change, please include address slip from a recent issue of the magazine. Address
changes cannot be made unless the old address as well as the new one is included.
ART AND PHOTO CREDITS
Art Direction: Ralph Reynolds
344 Art: Ed Maryon
350 Art: Piereey
380 to 385 Photos: Doyle L. Green
355 to 358 Photos: Lorin Wiggins and
others 358 Photo: Top Hal Rumel 360 Art: Jerry Thompson
363 Art: Virginia Sargent
364 Art: Jerry Thompson
369 Art: Dale Kilbourn
370 Art: Litho by Bosqui
372 Photos; Country Club, Washington
Township 374 Photo: Unknown 375 A Photo: Church News 375B Photo: Ed Pyle 375C Photo: Ed Pyle 375D Photo: Claudell Johnson 376A Photo: O. Wallace Kasteler 376B Photo: Ed Pyle 377A Photo: Ed Pyle 377B Photo: Church News 378A Photo: Church News 378B Photo: Ed Maryon 379 Photo: Ed Maryon 410 Art: Ed Maryon 412 Art: Virginia Sargent
431 Photo: Michael Scanlon
432 Art: Ed Maryon
All other art and photos: Ralph Reynolds Studio
D. F. Wright, president, the Oakland Temple
THE COVER
Yellow leaves and flowers of spring along a wooded ravine set off the new Oakland Temple, its gold-leaf covered spires glistening in the morning sun. The building is nearing completion on a hill overlooking the San Francisco Bay. The photograph was taken March 26, 1964 by Managing Editor Doyle L. Green. For additional color photographs of the temple taken on the same day, see pages 384 and 385.
Cover Lithographed in full color by Deseret News Press
338
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
DESERET BOOK PRESENTS . . .
A SEXTET OF EXCITING NEW BOOKS
TITLE OF LIBERTY
by Ezra Taft Benson Is there really a possibility of another crack in the Liberty Bell? Whether you agree with the author or not, here is a book that makes exciting and provocative reading. Title of Liberty is by the former Secretary of Agri- culture on Eisenhower's Cabinet and a senior member of the Council of the Twelve. Here is a compilation of addresses that sound a warning voice. <£Q gO
THE ART OF TEACHING
CHILDREN by Daryl V. Hoole
Another delightful "how-to" book by the author of The Art of Homemaking, an LDS best seller! Here is a volume in Mrs.'Hoole's own inimitable style that will prove to be a real lifesaver for teachers and parents.
$3.95
THE NATIVE BLOOD
by Albert R. Lyman A truly delightful novel with a Southern Utah setting . . . Full of suspense and surprises, of conflicts and challenges, of stern reality and enchanting romance. You'll not just read this book, you'll live it!
$1.95 4
LATTER-DAY PROPHETS AND THE DOCTRINE AND COVENANTS Volume II (Sections 42 to 76)
by Roy W . Doxey The second volume dealing with the Doctrine and Covenants from a fresh and exciting new stand. The author examines these scriptures in light of teachings of prophets and seers from 1830 on. A book that every Latter-day Saint will want to read. Volumes I & II
$3.95 each
AND THEY SHALL TEACH THEIR CHILDREN
by Reed H. Bradford In addition to providing provocative reading on home and family life, And They Shall Teach Their Children provides an agenda for successful home evenings and family nights. The qualities of maturity, the problems of marriage, and many other pertinent subjects skillfully handled.
5 $3.50
THE LORD SPEAKETH
by Alvin R. Dyer A new volume providing a unique account of the true significance of the sacred grove inter- view with the Prophet Joseph Smith and a gospel history from Adam and Moses through Huss, Calvin, and Luther to Joseph Smith. Elder Dyer's scholarly work is an adventure in Church literature that is both illuminating and interesting. This book will make an ideal gift for Church members and non-members
alike' $3.50
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The Church
Moves
On
MARCH 1964
Elder David I. Hansen sustained as president of Nevada Stake with Elders Richard C. Jensen and Nephi G. Schwab as coun- selors. They succeed President Donald B. Tate and his counselors, Elders David J. Naylor and Clifford T. Utley.
Elder William H. Delves sustained as president of Sydney (Australia) Stake succeeding President Dell C. Hunt. President Hunt's counselors, Elders Clayton W. Lank and Warren M. Stokes were sustained as counselors to President Delves.
The appointment of Elder George R. Hill, III, who was re- cently released as bishop of the Federal Heights (Salt Lake City) Ward, to the general board of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association was announced. He had served on the YMMIA general board prior to his call as bishop.
Elder Eugene W. Pearson, former first counselor to President Jack R. Prince of Kearns North ( Utah ) Stake succeeded him as president of that stake. Elder William L. Howick, formerly second counselor, and Elder John M. Bevan were sustained as counselors.
The First Presidency announced the appointment of Elder Thomas S. Monson of the Council of the Twelve as adviser to the Western American Missions. The seven mission fields under his immediate jurisdiction are: Northwestern States, Alaskan- Canadian, Northern California, California, Western Canadian, West Central States, and Western States.
The eight-foot statue of the Angel Moroni was placed atop the LDS Church Exhibit at the New York World's Fair.
The Anchorage and the Palmer LDS chapels were damaged in the Alaskan earthquake that struck late this afternoon. Later it was determined that at least six members of the Church were killed: Richard Robinson, former president of the Valdez Branch, and five members of the Earl Smith family, also of Valdez. The Smiths were converted to the Church one year ago.
The appointments of Mrs. Laura H. Drexl and Mrs. Mary Christenson, both of Salt Lake City, to the general board of the Young Women's Mutual Improvement Association was announced.
Elder Theron M. Ashcroft sustained as president of Cedar West (Utah) Stake with Elders Morris A. Shirts and Robert B. White, Jr., as counselors. They succeed President Franklin D. Day and his counselors, Elder George S. Barrus and Elder White who was re-sustained as part of the new stake presidency.
Elder T. Lavoy Esplin sustained as president of St. George East (Utah) Stake succeeding President Rudger C. Atkin. Elder Walter H. Snow, second counselor to President Atkin, sustained as first counselor to President Esplin. (Continued on page 396)
340
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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The Mormon Story has been acclaimed by missionaries and mission presidents alike as an outstanding "missionary tool."*
"The Mormon Story is almost irresistible and a good many people read it cover to cover. It breaks down prejudice, makes friends and enlightens people all at once. Most important, it excites the interest of the honest truth seeker, making it impossible for him to pass over us as some sort of fanatics." — "I studied The Mormon Story book over carefully and decided it would be a good missionary tool. We have found that where people were a bit luke warm, we would leave a copy with them, and by the next day they were changed."
The Mormon Story has a thousand uses — as a silent missionary in your home or place of business, as a powerful tool for missionaries, in explaining the Church to children, in pre- senting the gospel to your friends and neighbors, in helping to reactivate members and in many other ways. "I can tell you from experience that it is a wonderful (missionary)tool." Send one to the missionaries in your family and keep one for your own use.
letters on file
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5/64 BOOKCRAFT
1186 South. Main, Salt Lake City, Utah Please send the following circled books for which I enclose check or money order
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LARGE YOUTH CHORUS SINGS
The voices were young and clear at a recent Alberta Stake conference at Card- ston. Music was provided by a chorus of 142 young people. Conductor Barton Olsen led the group through music for both Sunday sessions, with Eda Wood and Thelma Smith accompanying.
PROVO SEA SCOUTERS HOLD REUNION
The S. S. Hanno sailed in on a sea of memories, when former Sea Scouts who had belonged to the Sea Scout Ship Hanno met in the Provo Fourth (Utah) Ward for a reunion and report meeting.
Twenty-one men, representing the 84 boys who belonged to the ship between 1939 and 1950 gathered. They discovered that most of their members had served on missions and are active in the Church, serving or having served as bishops, bish- ops' counselors, high council members, and Sunday School and Mutual superintendents.
Despite the fact that almost all of them are veterans and several were shot down, wounded, and held in enemy prison camps, not a single man lost his life in war.
Under Skipper Delbert V. Tregeagle and Delos Brown, seventy-five percent of the group achieved Eagle rank.
SEA SCOUT SHIP "HANNO" HOME- COMING-REUNION-Bottom Row, 1. to r. Einer Johnson, Glen Gardner, Shipley Snow, Skipper Deb Tregeagle, J. Wallace Boswell, Ship Committee Chairman; Bish- op Victor J. Bird, and Counselors Charles D. Sessions and Frank J. Earl; Rulon Doman, Scout Executive.
Middle Row— Mauray Payne, Jack Ben- nett, Jay Nixon, Clinton Wiest, Dick Hales, Delvar Pope, Ralph Rigby, Dean Jeffs, Wayne Brown.
Top Row-Carl Cox, Phil Taylor, Lor- raine Dowdell, Dayle Jeffs, Bob Hales, Charles Earl, Dean Rigby, DeLoyal Bills, Sterling Sessions.
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ERA GIFT IS MISSIONARY
This magazine has been a great source of encouragement. We have enjoyed read- ing the talks given by the Authorities of our Church, and the articles have, on more than one occasion given inspiration for a talk in Church.
Traveling to school one day (which he attends one day a month in connection with his work) Charlie was reading the Era, and a person sitting beside him, look- ing over his shoulder, no longer could re- sist asking what the magazine was. He said it was the most attractive and inter- esting book he had seen, and could it be bought at any bookstall? Having read the most interesting articles, Charlie handed it to this delighted gentleman.
Thank you once again for this pleasing gift.
Yours sincerely, Sister Lorna Wilde Mitcham. Surrey, England
ERA CIRCULATES IN BARRACKS
Yes, this subscription has truly brought me "many hours of enjoyable reading." I think you will know what I mean when I say this magazine is so completely differ- ent, so inspiring and extremely welcome when compared to the many pornographic novels and pocketbooks that float through the barracks. I have made it a point to see that each issue gets maximum circu- lation in my barracks and I have received many compliments on the freshness and change it presents to those who pick it up if only to browse through it.
Let me express my appreciation for this program you have of getting The Im- provement Era to the servicemen, it is very profitable and greatly appreciated.
Appreciatively yours, Robert N. Oviatt Henderson, Nevada
342
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
or Sale ... LOTS OF OPPORTUNITY
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NATURAL BEAUTY- CONVENIENT LOCATION
Just 25 expressway miles from downtown Salt Lake City, Silver Creek Estates offers a variety of beautiful homesites, each with a sweeping view in all directions. And the beauty is pro- tected by architectural regulations and protective covenants.
OUT OF THE SMOKE AND FOG At Silver Creek Estates, you're away from the irritating winter "smog" and out of the blister- ing summer heat of the city. No industrial fumes, just clean, crisp air; bright, sparkling sunshine.
A NATURAL "GROWTH" AREA
Because of the intense pressures of Salt Lake City - Ogden - Provo population expansion, the demand for desirable residential development areas will be greater and greater. With its con- venient location and its many physical attrac- tions, Silver Creek Estates should prove to be a new suburb of Salt Lake City in the not-too- distant future. When the new Highway 80 Free- way is completed, accessibility to beautiful Silver Creek Estates will be even more convenient.
ABUNDANT RECREATION FACILITIES
Name your favorite recreation, and you'll find it close to Silver Creek Estates . . . hunting, fish- ing, camping, hiking, golfing, water-skiing, boat- ing, horseback riding, skiing and more!
Drive up Parley's Canyon (U.S. 40) to Silver Creek Estates Office, at Silver Creek Junction and personally inspect this property ... or PHONIs Salt Lake City 363-6100.
time goes on, because later you can sub-divide your property into 5 or 6 Western-size home- sites for re-sale at what should be a handsome profit. And, right now, you need only 10% down with ten years to pay the unpaid balance at only 6% simple interest. No wonder Silver Creek Estates tracts are called "Lots of Opportunity!"
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343
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FOOD
THESE TIMES
By Dr. G. Homer Durham
President, Arizona State University, Tempe
"What is there to eat?"
How many times each day is this remark heard! Fortunately, for most readers of this column, there is gen- erally at least some positive answer. In much of the world this is not true.
For some interesting views on this important subject, we are indebted to Dr. Ira L. Baldwin, director of the International Rural Development Office of the Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Col- leges, who recently spoke on the world food problem at the University of Wisconsin.
Dr. Baldwin divides the world into two areas: (1) the area of food plenty, and (2) the area of want. The area of plenty includes about one-third of the population and in- cludes the industrialized nations of Europe (including Russia), North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. The area of chronic shortage includes Latin America ( which may be surprising to many ) , Africa, and Asia, with the exception of Japan. This does not mean every individual in the area of "scarcity" is undernourished. The greatest number of undernourished people, however, are found in those coun-
tries. Furthermore, there are many undernourished people in the coun- tries that have adequate food supply, due to "poor food habits, lack of knowledge of nutrition, and insuffi- cient finances."
If people everywhere were fed as well as most people in the United States, 50 percent more food would be required than is now grown.
The lack of protein, particularly of well-balanced protein, states Dr. Baldwin, is among the most difficult problems. Nearly eight pounds of grain are required to produce a pound of animal protein, the best source. Experiments with use of algae, yeast, microbial protein, and fish will not supply more than a small fraction of the additional pro- tein now estimated as needed. Popu- lation growth in the areas of food scarcity aggravates the situation. Asia, Africa, and Latin America are growing more rapidly in population than other regions. By 1975, the world will have increased from 3.2 billion to 3.8 billion people. Food production per capita in 1960-61 in the "scarcity" areas was actually less than it was in 1935-39. By the year 2000, based on estimates of reliable
344
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Count the Churches of your denomination which have bought a Hammond Organ
You can, quite literally, count the churches in your area— or in the nation— which, with musical needs akin to your own, decided to buy a Hammond Organ. Simply visit your Hammond Organ dealer. Let him show you the Hammond Installa- tions directory, above. Get the names and addresses of as many churches as you want. Then, hear a demonstration— and consider these reasons why thousands of churches choose the Hammond:
Vast Musical Riches
Hammond Console and Spinet Organs have almost inexhaustible musical resources, in registrations, voices and shadings. Even a virtu- oso can always find new effects in the instrument ... yet organists of limited experience can immediately produce impressive music. Presets and Hammond Harmonic Draw- bars enable any player to achieve rich, impressive music. Hammond Patented Reverberation produces
swelling cathedral sound in the smallest church. Touch-Response Percussion and vibrato provide beautiful and appropriate effects for the most solemn occasions, or the most joyous.
Moderate Cost
You can put this complete musical facility (for that is what a Hammond Organ is) in your church at prices ranging from about $1000 to $4000. And easy, convenient payment plans are available.
Low Maintenance Expense
After years of regular service, many churches report no maintenance ex- penses at all— yet the Hammond Or- gan still performs like new.
Lasting Satisfaction
Just as its musical capacities can seldom be outgrown, a Hammond Organ seldom becomes outworn. It
is possible that many of these churches will never need to buy another organ.
Mail this coupon, without obligation
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346
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
authorities, there will need to be a quadrupling of food output. Whether the adoption of scientific methods in food production, incentives for increased production, necessary capi- tal, research, and education, and facilities can be developed represents future challenging problems.
Egypt was once the breadbasket of the ancient world. Today, North America holds this position. Annual grain production has doubled per capita in the past twenty-five years. Dr. Baldwin notes that during the past twenty years the United States "has given liberally of its substance ... to aid the peoples in the areas of food scarcity, both by aiding them to increase their own production of food and by supplying food from our own stores.
What is there to eat?
"The basic problem in the world today," declared Dr. Baldwin, "is that of food production adequate to balance a rapidly expanding popu- lation. We, in the areas of food plenty, dare not adopt the attitude that this is not our problem. A balance between food production and population will be reached. If it is not reached by desirable social means, it will be reached by the ancient methods of famine, pesti- lence, and war. We urgently need to get on with the job of increasing pro- duction and improving distribution."
So runs some of the thinking in these times by a thoughtful scientist. In ancient times, Jacob sent his sons to Egypt for bread. How can modern men stay home and con- quer famine?
CONCLUSION BY MARIE DAERR
Spring thinks she has her way with us.
She smiles to see our eyes
When we glimpse gold forsythia bells
Against blue April skies.
She's pleased when we are gladdened
by A robins morning call Or bend to sniff the hyacinths Beside a garden wall. She chuckles when she catches us In dreamy reverie Beneath the cloud-pink branches of A blooming apple tree. She laughs with us when we behold A fledgling's awkward flight .... Spring thinks she has her way with
us— And, oh, I think she's right!
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MAY 1964
347
The Oakland Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is soon to be dedicated. This temple, like many of our other temples, stands upon a hill. It is a spiritual beacon for all to see and to guide their lives thereby.
Our temples have a special place in the Church aside from the ordinances given and performed within. They are lights upon the hill. Their light should not be hidden. A temple exerts or should exert a con- tinuous influence upon the people, especially the youth. I cannot illustrate what I mean better than by referring to the wonderful story of The Great Stone Face by Nathaniel Hawthorne.
That author called attention to one of nature's wonders. When one stood a certain distance from it, he saw a benign countenance which, Hawthorne wrote, exerted a great influence upon the people of the valley below. To use his own words he said:
"It was a happy lot for children to grow up to man- hood or womanhood with the Great Stone Face be- fore their eyes. For all the features were noble and the expression was at once, grand and sweet as if it were the glow of a vast warm heart— a heart that em- braced all mankind in the affections and had room for more. It was an education only to look at it."
He tells that a mother and her small son were sitting in the valley looking at that stone face, and Ernest said, "Mother, I wish that it could speak, for it looks
so very kindly that its voice must needs be pleasant. If I were to see a man with such a face, I should love him dearly."
And the mother told him then the story that some- day a man would come and have just such a benign countenance as that.
You, who know the story, realize that "Gathergold" came back to the valley. It was not he nor "Blood and Thunder," the great soldier, who also returned to his former home. It was not "Old Stony Phiz" the great lawyer and politician who ran for president. It was not even the poet, but Ernest, himself, who lived a life of good deeds and holy love. Ernest had in- deed become, by constantly looking, living, and loving, the representation of the Great Stone Face.
That is what I mean. Our temples should exert an influence upon the youth of our Church: inspiring, developing self-mastery, changing their natures so that someday they might enter the temples.
If a man obtain the fullest life for himself and be able to contribute most to the common good, he should cultivate certain cardinal virtues, among which I name the following: faith, self-control, chas- tity, reverence, and a willingness to serve others. The temples of the Church stand for these principles, and never before in the history of the world was there such a need for faith to be instilled into the minds and hearts of the children of the world— God's children!
The Influence of the Temples
348
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Each temple erected by the Church attracts people who pass, who read, who hear, and witness the fact that the building is a house of God, a temple to the Most High. Its very existence, its walls, and all per- taining to it declare his reality, his love, and his plan of salvation. We would like every boy and every girl in the world and particularly every boy and every girl in the Church to recognize the temple as our Father's house. That is what I mean by temples building character.
Someone wrote many years ago that the whole purpose of life might be summed up in these words, "To subdue matter that we might realize the ideal."
When I first read that, I thought it could be para- phrased to read, "The whole purpose of life is to bring under subjection the animal passions, proclivities, and tendencies that we might realize the companionship always of God's Holy Spirit." That is the ideal. Our chief purpose of life is to overcome evil tendencies, to govern our appetites, and to control our passions. We must overcome them. We must conquer them.
We must teach young people to live so that they can enter the house of God and make covenants, the dearest and most sacred in all the world. In youth they should take cognizance of the fact that they will have to control their appetites and their passions if they would enter the temple worthily.
Preparation for the temple is during youth, not just
when they go to the bishop for their temple recom- mends. This is what is meant by having the house of God as a light to the Church. It is one of the greatest means of character building in the Church.
The temple stands for everything that is virtuous and should be looked upon as Ernest looked upon the Great Stone Face. Let the thoughts, the ideals, and the nobility of the temple transform the youth, the boy and girl, so that when they go to the bishop, they can answer honestly, truthfully, and when they enter the temple they may receive, without question, those blessings that are intended for the faithful.
Every temple that stands, no matter in what part of the world, should ever be a light influencing mem- bers of the Church, young and old, to develop those characteristics which transform a human being prompted by animal instinct into a spiritual being responsive to the promptings of God our Heavenly Father. Ultimately each one should be able to say as Peter said after fewer than three years' service accompanying the Master and a few more years in serving him, "We are now made partakers of his divine nature." (See 2 Peter 1:4.)
God bless you who will come to partake of the spirit and the blessings of the new Oakland Temple of the Church, even as he daily blesses those of our fellow members who enter our other temples through- out the world.
THE EDITOR'S PAGE / BY PRESIDENT DAVID O. MCKAY
MAY 1964
349
YOUR QUES- TION
ANSWERED BY
JOSEPH FIELDING
SMITH
PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL OF THE TWELVE
Why should there
be temples :
?
Soon the Oakland Temple will be ready for dedica- tion. The question has been raised: "Why should there be temples and what are the significant duties which are to be performed therein?"
The temple as designated by revelation is a sacred house in which certain important blessings and cove- nants are given to faithful members of the Church preparatory to their exaltation in the kingdom of God.
We have no record of the building of temples before the flood nor for several centuries following. This lack of information does not mean that such sacred structures were not known. The Bible account of humanity covering the years from Adam to the flood and down to Abraham is extremely limited, and the
detailed history is not given. We do know that in the days of Enoch, before the flood and following to the days of Abraham, the seers holding the priesthood when they wished to converse with the Lord, did so usually on mountaintops, and it is likely that these exalted places served the purpose of a temple. It was on such a mountain that Enoch talked with the Lord as did the Brother of Jared, the leader of the Jaredites following the flood, thus these exalted places took the place of edifices as hallowed spots.
When Israel was released from Egyptian bondage and went into the wilderness of Arabia, one of the first commandments given to Moses was to build a temple. It had to be a portable building that could be set up and taken down and moved from place to place as Israel journeyed for forty years in the wilder- ness. However the Lord required this portable tabernacle, or temple, to be of the most expensive materials that Israel could afford. In this portable temple Moses and Aaron received commandments from the Lord. As Israel moved from place to place on this forty-year journey, this building had to be taken apart and set up again constantly. When Israel
350
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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became settled in the land the Lord had given them, this tabernacle ( temple ) served until the days of King Solomon. The Lord gave a commandment that a regular temple should be built, therefore the magnifi- cent temple of Solomon was built in the city of Jerusalem, wherein the Lord gave revelation where sacred ordinances were performed.
This temple served Israel for sacred purposes through the years. During the captivity of Israel the temple was desecrated, for it had fallen into the hands of enemies. On the return of the Jews from captivity the temple was repaired and served the Jews until its destruction after the crucifixion of our Savior. The time will come according to sacred promises when it will be restored again.
During all the years of apostasy and until after the organization of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, there was no sacred temple to the name of the Lord. The Latter-day Saints were com- manded to build a temple, which they did in Kirtland, Ohio. This was essential for the Lord who said so by revelation, had to have a place where he could come to his servants to restore the keys of authority
so essential to the eternal blessings of the Latter-day Saints in this dispensation. Since that day the Latter- day Saints have been true to this commandment and, notwithstanding their persecutions and poverty, they built such a temple in Nauvoo, which, however, through persecution they were able to use but for a very short period. However, hundreds of faithful members of the Church received their endowments and sacred blessings and were married in the Nauvoo Temple before they were driven away by enemies of the Church. When the first pioneers arrived in the Salt Lake Valley, steps were taken to build a temple, for they realized its importance and the need of the sacred ordinances which belong and are essential to the eternal salvation and exaltation of Latter-day Saints in the celestial kingdom of God.
This temple in Oakland is nearing dedication and brings rejoicing to the good Saints in the great state of California. Moreover, the great work for the salva- tion of the living and the dead who never had the opportunity of salvation when on the earth, and the perpetual union of "the whole family in heaven and earth is named," is faithfully being performed.
MAY 1964
351
PTT12PMQT7
OF
THF
TEMELES
BY PRESIDENT DAVID O. McKAY
From remarks made at the dedication of the Swiss Temple^ and other sources
The spire of the Kirtland Temple. This was the first temple built by the Church in this dispensation.
352
One of the principal questions asked by reporters, newsmen, and by people generally is, "What is the difference between your temple and your other church edifices?" As all members of the Church know, the answer is that temples are built for the performance of sacred ordinances— not secret, but sacred.
One of the distinguishing features of the restored Church of JesuS Christ is the eternal nature of its ordinances and ceremonies; for example, generally in civil as well as in church ceremonies, couples are married "for time" only, or "until death do you part." But love is as eternal as the spirit of man; and if man continues after death, which he does, so will love.
This interests nearly every intelligent inquirer and investigator, especially when he or she realizes the truth, that love— the divinest attribute of the human soul— will be just as eternal as the spirit itself. So whenever any person dies, the virtue of love will persist, and if any inquirer believes in the immortality of the soul or in the persistence of personality after death, he must admit that love will also persist.
Logically, there follows another question: Whom shall we love in the next world? In response to this question, an American woman whom, with her hus- band, t met many years ago on a journey in the South Seas, replied, "We should love everybody."
"Yes," I replied, "we should also love everybody here." That is the injunction of the Savior, to love our neighbor as ourselves. But if earthly things are typical of heavenly things, in the spirit world we shall recognize our loved ones there and know them as we loved them here. I love my wife more than I can love other people. I love my children. I can have sympathy; I can have a desire to help all mankind, but I love her by whose side I have sat and watched a loved one in illness, or, perhaps, pass away. Those experiences bind heart to heart, and it is a glorious thought to cherish that death cannot separate hearts that are thus bound together; for each of you hus- bands will recognize your wife in the other world, and you will love her there as you love her here and will come forth to a newness of everlasting life in the resurrection. Why should death separate you when love will continue after death?
It should not, and it need not, for when Jesus was upon the earth he told his Apostles: "And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth
shall be loosed in heaven." (Matt. 16:19.) And with the restoration to earth of the Holy Priesthood, the Church asserts that this power was again given to chosen men, and that in the house of the Lord where the marriage ceremony is performed by those who are properly authorized to represent our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, the union between husband and wife and between parents and children is effected for time and all eternity, and that for those thus married the family will continue into the eternities.
That is one purpose of temples.
There is another purpose— not so easily understood by inquirers until they get a glimpse of the justice of God or until we ask them: "Do you think that a just God would require me to conform to certain principles arid ordinances in order for me to enter into the kingdom of God, and that he would permit you to enter the kingdom of God without complying with those principles and ordinances?"
Those who accept Jesus Christ our Lord as the author of salvation: those who accept his statements- unqualified statements— regarding the necessity of obedience to certain principles, are bound to admit that everybody must comply with certain fundamental ordinances or else nobody need comply with them. Now that is the plain fact.
We have as you know in holy writ ample evidence that the Savior referred to one eternal plan; for in- stance, when Nicodemus, a member of the Sanhedrin, —a man who had evidently listened to the Savior speak and who had probably followed him— called on Jesus, impelled by the desire to know what Jesus had which the Sadducees and the Pharisees did not have, and bore his testimony, saying, "Master, we know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except God be with him." And then ensued the conversation in which Nicodemus undoubtedly asked, "What must I do?" And one of the most remarkable statements we have in scripture was given as an answer: ". . . Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God." And "Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old?" All Chris- tians believe or should believe in the words that Jesus answered: ". . . Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God." (John 3:2-5.) And that is true.
The words of the Savior to Nicodemus are accepted in their literal sense by faithful members of the Church. The scriptures make no distinction between
MAY 1964
353
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Spiral stairway in Manti Temple.
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the living and the dead. This law is of universal application, exemption being granted only to children who die in infancy, having no sin to expiate. To provide a means of salvation for all, facilities are made available in the temples whereby the living may be baptized in behalf of the deceased.
Evidence that such vicarious work was performed in the early Christian church is found in the words of Paul to the Corinthians: "Else what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? why are they then baptized for the dead?" (1 Cor. 15:29.)
The pseudo-Christian world has stumbled over the meaning of this simple text, and not a few commentators have tried to explain away its true applicability to all mankind of the Savior's teachings.
To repeat, if baptism is essential for one man, it is essential for all. Then the question may be asked as was asked by a Chinese student, a graduate of one of our leading colleges, who in conversation with a Protestant minister, said, "What about my ancestors who never heard of the name of Jesus Christ?"
from across the Mississippi River.
"Oh," was the reply, "they are all lost."
The Chinese student's sense of justice was offended, for he immediately said, "I'll have nothing to do with a religion so unjust!" Had that Chinese professor, or doctor, asked a Mormon elder that question, the latter would have answered, "They will have an opportunity to hear the gospel, and to be baptized, to be born of the water and of the Spirit, that they might also enter into the kingdom of God."
What about your great-great ancestors who never have heard of the name of Jesus Christ? What about the millions who died without having heard his name? They are all our Father's children as much as you and I. Is it the act of a Loving Father to condemn them forever outside of the kingdom of God because they have had no opportunity to hear the name of Jesus Christ?
No, it is not. "We believe that ... all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel." And we also believe that those who have died without having heard the gospel here in mortality will have (Continued on page 359)
354
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
In the Creation Room, in the Salt Lake Temple colorful murals represent the creation of the earth.
*IST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
The World Room in the Salt Lake Temple is symbolic of
the bleak and dreary world into which Adam and Eve were
driven after they partook of the forbidden fruit.
MAY 1964
355
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In this Council Room in the Salt Lake Temple, the First Presidency and the Council of the Twelve hold weekly meetings Thursday morn- ings.
Marriages in the temples are performed in rooms such as this one in the Manti Temple. Here couples are sealed for time and eternity.
The Celestial Room in the Idaho Falls Temple.
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The Celestial Room in the Salt Lake Temple. These richly furnished rooms symbolize the exalted attainment which man may achieve by living ac- cording to the saving principles of the gospel.
In the Terrestrial Rooms, such as this one in the Salt Lake Temple, instructions are given pertaining to man's eternal jour- ney.
A mural in the Los Angeles Temple pictures the bleak and dreary world.
A mural in the Arizona Temple
depicts Joseph and Hyrum Smith preaching
the gospel to a group of Indians.
A Sealing Room in the Salt Lake Temple where
couples are married for time and all eternity,
not just "till death do you part."
Baptismal fonts in the temples, like this one in Salt Lake, rest on the figures of twelve oxen.
(Continued from page 354) an opportunity to hear it in the other world.
Where did Christ's Spirit go while his body lay in the tomb? The Apostle Peter tells us that he went to preach to the spirits who were in prison, who were once disobedient in the days of Noah when the ark was being prepared. (See 1 Pet. 3:19-20.) Those who died thousands of years ago were still living in the spirit world, and the gospel was taken to them as it will be taken to all of our Father's children.
This, then, is another purpose of the temple. You may have the opportunity of gathering the names of your ancestors, who, being baptized by proxy, may become members of the kingdom of God in the other world as we are members here.
Since the restoration of this principle and practice, church members have zealously searched the records of the world for the history of their ancestors that their forefathers might receive vicariously the bless- ings of the gospel of Christ. In connection with this work the Church maintains an extensive gene- alogical organization.
These two great purposes— eternal marriage, bind- ing the family for time and eternity, and opening the door of the kingdom for those who have died without an adequate opportunity to accept the gospel of Jesus Christ and its essential ordinances— when
preached properly, earnestly, and sincerely to the honest in heart, will appeal to the justice of those who love the truth.
In addition there is the temple "endowment," which is also an ordinance pertaining to man's eternal journey and limitless possibilities and progress which a Just and Loving Father has provided for the children whom he made in his own image— for the whole human family.
This is why temples are built.
God help us to appreciate the restored gospel of Jesus Christ in its all-embracing justice and mercy and glorious eternal plan. The whole purpose and meaning of life is contained in it, with its great sav- ing and ennobling ordinances that will take the indi- vidual to his highest possibilities here and hereafter with an everlasting association with his loved ones in the presence of God.
I pray with all my soul that all the members of the Church, their children and their children's children— and all men everywhere— may at least glimpse the glory of the house of the Lord and have wisdom to understand and strength to apply the principles of the gospel of Jesus Christ, which are eternal and applicable to every person living, in developing that spirituality which will bring peace on earth and good- will toward men.
IN THE SHADOW OF THE TEMPLE
BY MARION AMY KNIGHT
And as I walked beneath the spires, My soul tvithin me stirred! I heard the singing of the choir; I felt a hungering for his Word.
I ivalked today in Temple Square With slow, unhurried gait. I think the flowers are fairer there; The seasons seem to wait.
My earthly ears are not attuned To holy realms on high, But I am sure I faintly heard The rush of angels in the sky.
I gazed about this peaceful place And fell beneath its spell. The sun gleamed on Moroni's face; I heard a distant bell.
Could this be just a minute taste Of heaven's encircling clime? If this should really be the case, I must make haste to make it mine!
MAY 1964
359
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The Legacy
BY VIRGINIA MAUGHAN KAMMEYER
At a shout from the wagon master, the long line of prairie schooners ground to a halt. Then the men on horseback and the women and children slowly plodded up the mountain trail. It was good to rest for a mo- ment. Those in front pulled their weary bodies up to the rock and looked down into the valley. The hillsides were splashes of color— quaking aspen yellow and maple red. It was September, 1850.
"Ma," called a weak voice from one of the wagons, "are we in the Sierras? Is it Sacramento down there?"
"No," the woman answered wearily. "We're scarce halfway. It's only the Salt Lake Valley."
Melissa Harris lay back, suddenly faint with pain. She'd been bitten by something Pa called a wood tick, and she lay in the jolting wagon suffering with a raging fever. It would be Melissa, of course, who got sick. Every ailment, it seemed like, got to her. Her sister Polly had never had a sick day in her life.
The rocking and jolting of the wagons, the squealing of brakes, the cracking of whips, and bellowing of the oxen finally ceased, and the wagon under Melissa rolled more smoothly. Up from the wheels came the heavy scent of crushed sagebrush, and she knew they had come out onto the broad floor of the valley. Curiosity mastered pain, and she raised herself on her good elbow to peer through the front opening past Polly and her mother, driving the team.
So that was Salt Lake City! It didn't look like much, compared to Pittsburgh, but after months of seeing nothing but prairies and mountains it looked like heaven. There was a long pole fence zigzagging off to the south past some log and adobe cabins, and they had to wait for a while until a man opened the gate and let them through. It looked funny, that great long fence closing in those few cabins, and Melissa, a little delirious, giggled.
Then she heard the man explain: "It's to keep the horses and cattle from eating the crops. All livestock have to graze outside. When you've got your family settled, you'll have to take your team outside the fence."
Melissa could almost feel her father bristle at this.
Pa didn't like to take orders. He would rather give them. That was why he had left Pittsburgh. It was getting too crowded— too many people giving orders. But in California, now—. That was one word that could brighten Pa's gloomy face: "California." Why, it was said that a man could get rich enough in the gold fields in one week to set himself up for life. You could make your pile and then settle down in Sacra- mento, or maybe San Francisco, and never have to bow down to any man.
The wagon started up again, and the oxen plodded down a rutted road. Melissa dozed and came awake when the wagon stopped once more. A voice was say- ing, "This is my front yard, neighbor. I haven't had time to mark it off, what with one thing and another. However," the voice continued, as Luke Harris raised his whip to flick the oxen into movement again, "you're welcome to camp here. Having crossed the plains myself, I'd be the last to deny a resting place to a tired man. Where are you bound?"
"California," the other said, mollified by the friendly tone. "If you'll just let us stay here overnight, and maybe let us have a bit of water, we'll take ourselves off in the morning."
"Oh, please," Melissa's mother broke in, exhaustion and anxiety in her voice. "Pa, please, ask him if we can't stay here two or three days. You see, Mister—."
"Strong— Amos Strong."
"Mister Strong, we have a sick girl in the back here, real sick. If we could stay just a few days, until she's better—."
"Well, now—," Amos Strong raised the back flap of the wagon and peered in. "Well, now, I'll get Mother to take a look at her, and we'll see what we can do."
As Amos Strong went toward the house, Melissa heard her father's voice raised in angry protest. "Two —three days! Why, every day we delay, means someone else is digging out that gold!"
"Pa—." Mrs. Harris didn't often stand up to her husband, but now her voice was firm. "I'm not going on until that girl is better!"
360
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
''Tonight," she heard a stranger
say to his friend, "we are going
to celebrate. . . . I'm going to cook something
special, Polver, old man!
Chicken Tetrazzini."
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Melissa shut her eyes, and the hot tears squeezed through her lids. "I'm sorry, Pa," she whispered. "I'm sorry I'm sick, and I'm sorry I'm a girl when you wanted a boy, and I'm sorry I'm so little and puny, and fifteen years old and never had a beau, and I'll probably be an old maid, and you'll have me on your hands all the rest of your life."
The wagon flap was suddenly raised, and arms went around her. As she was lifted out, the agony in her arm was too much, waves of dizziness overcame her, and she lost consciousness.
When she came around, she was in a warm lighted room, lying on a soft feather mattress. Her twelve- year-old sister, Polly, sat in plump concern by the bed. Her mother was bathing her forehead with a cool cloth, and another woman, dark and pleasant- looking— obviously Mrs. Strong— stood near the table ladling fragrant soup into bowls. Two small children played near the fireplace.
Melissa's eyes swung around to the foot of the bed. There stood a young man— really a boy— about sixteen or seventeen. At sight of him, Melissa felt miserable. She knew she looked awful— more awful than usual. What would a boy like that, or any boy, ever see in her? This young man was very dark— dark eyes, dark curly hair, and he had a look of not having quite grown up yet to his long arms and legs.
Melissa would have been startled, astounded beyond belief, if she could have read his thoughts. Her hair had been taken out of its braids, and it lay about her face looking, so the young man thought, like spilled honey.
"She's like Sleeping Beauty," Jared Strong was thinking, and was immediately embarrassed, as though his thoughts had been read. He had the strongest desire to take the cloth from Mrs. Harris and wipe the pale forehead himself. He controlled the impulse and swung away to help his mother at the table. But when Melissa slept, and then woke again, he was there once more at the foot of the bed.
It was two weeks before she was able to sit up in the wagon that had been made more comfortable by the addition of one of the Strongs' mattresses. It was a month before she was able to walk. Her father had fretted and fumed at the delay, but when snow ap- peared in the mountains in early October, he grudgingly conceded that it might be better to stay over until spring.
"Amos Strong is going to build a barn. He says we can stay in it through the winter."
There was relief in the tired face of Mrs. Harris at this news. Her husband continued, "I'm going with him into the hills tomorrow to cut logs. I won't be beholden to any man."
Touchy and proud, Luke Harris was not an easy
man to live with, but as he stomped off to make ar- rangements for the following day, his wife softly said a little prayer of thanks that they would be safely sheltered for the winter.
The harvest was in— and it was good. The Saints proposed to celebrate, and the strangers among them looked on in astonishment as these ordinarily quiet, hard-working people made preparations for their harvest home. To the bowery they flocked with fruit, gourds, and autumn leaves, and soon that forty-foot framework, which on other occasions was used for sober gatherings, was sprouting gay colors. Boxes were pulled from under beds, and party dresses, not worn for months, were shaken out of their folds. Trestle tables were set up near the bowery, and food began to appear: golden loaves of bread, made from the precious grain of the first harvest; berry pies, sweetened with honey; roasts of venison, and piles of grapes and apples.
The fiddles tuned up, and the people swung into a dance. The California immigrants, watching in sur- prise, began hesitant foot tapping. Soon they were dancing, too. The Mormon leader himself, Brigham Young, led the quadrille.
Luke Harris, not taking to such foolishness, had stayed at home, but his wife and daughters had ac- cepted the invitation of the Strongs to go to the festivities with them. Melissa, still a little pale and thin, but with her eyes shining, sat with Jared on the end of the wagon. Polly and her mother occupied the back seat and Mr. and Mrs. Strong sat up front, while the two little Strongs romped in the straw. Melissa, wearing her one nice dress— the blue sprigged one— was conscious of many things: that it was a crisp, October night, that she looked nice, and that Jared was watching her.
He had been around often lately, when he had time off from his chores. While she was convalescing, he had brought her bouquets of wild flowers, and he had begun to read to her in the evenings from some- thing called the Book of Mormqp. Melissa found it very interesting— almost like the Bible. The first day that she had felt well enough to go for a walk, he had strolled with her out into the town, and they had turned east and walked to the city limit, where the fence ran. He told her the fence went north and south for about six miles, closing in approximately 4,000 acres. "This will be a big city someday," he said confidently. He told her about the first crop they had planted that had been invaded by the crickets, and then miraculously saved by the seagulls. The plain faith shining in his face and his emphatic statement that it was the hand of God touched Melissa's heart, though she could not as yet accept it all with her mind. (Continued on page 398)
362
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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BY IRMA F. BITNER
^ Discussing the subject of grandmothers on this {/ft ^ very important "Mother's Day," I find requires a certain personal approach for, of course, before be- coming a grandmother, one must be a mother. And we don't become grandmothers just at a moment's notice. We serve a period of probation— a training season— which really begins the moment we are born.
We train for the different roles we are to enact in
MOTHERS AND GRANDMOTHERS
this drama of life— or comedy of life, as you will. And the first role we assume is that of baby, which identi- fies no gender particularly. Then since we are the female of the species, our next role is as a girl, which catalogs our sex. Then we are cast as a daughter, which signifies our relationship; then we personate a woman, which denotes our age or maturity; next we step out before the curtain as a wife, which also titles us daughter-in-law, followed in season by the coura- geous performance of motherhood, spotlighting our maternity. And then, through no act of our own, in due time we are cast as a grandmother— adding the much-maligned designation of mother-in-law.
Each title connotes a definite status and bestows an honor on the one endowed. But unlike the char- acters portrayed on the stage, our roles are not singu- lar. They are dual— or more than that, quadruple; for while we are still a daughter, we become a wife— not relinquishing our role as daughter, and if fortu- nate, sister as well— break forth into a mother and finally a grandmother. So you see how multiple our responsibility becomes— how involved the prerequi- sites to meet the different assignments. But what a glorious heritage! All are blessed titles that bespeak the rich fulfilment of God's plan, and inspire one with the determination to meet the requirements and ex- pectations of loved ones.
Yes, it's fun being a grandmother. The great pleasure of enjoying the ( Continued on page 398 )
363
SPORTSMANSHIP AND
BY CLARENCE ROB1SON
YMMIA GENERAL BOARD HEAD TRACK COACH, BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY
In 1960 the Olympic Games were held in Rome, and from all parts of the world came the greatest athletes ever assembled to compete for their respective nations.
In the Olympic Games there is a great personal honor attached to being a medal winner. The top three men in each event are called to the victory stand and presented medals. At the end of the stadium stand three flagpoles representing these first place winners; and as the victors mount the award stand, their national flags are hoisted on the flagpoles, and their national anthems are played by the band. Few men leave the victory stand without showing tears of emotion, and justifiably so. Thus, in every man com- peting at Rome there was a hope for the great honor of being a medal winner at the 1960 Olympic Games.
In an event called the Hop, Step, and Jump or the Triple Jump, as it is sometimes referred to, there was very keen competition for the third place medal. First, one contestant would take over the third spot, and then the other would squeeze ahead by a fraction of an inch. This type of close, keen competition
continued right down to the final jump for both men. The leader was ahead by less than an inch when each man had one more attempt. The first of the two men with all the courage at his command made his final leap and moved ahead by a fraction of an inch; now his opponent with one more opportunity to win the third place medal took his last jump and moved out in front by one inch.
The loser, heartsick and disappointed, walked over to his opponent and reached out his hand to con- gratulate him for his victory, but the winner refused to shake hands with him. Some of the fans on that side of the stadium had been watching this event closely and saw this incident. Immediately they be- gan to boo and hiss at the victor. Word of what had happened spread through the fans like fire in dry grass, and soon almost all of the nearly one hundred thousand spectators began voicing their protest to this kind of conduct. The noise became so great that it
364
FAIR PLAY
began to interfere with the other events in progress. Now, realizing his mistake, the winner went imme- diately to the fourth place man and not only shook his hand, but kissed him on both cheeks and tried desperately to convince those watching that he had not intended to act in an unsportsmanlike manner; but the crowd would not stop; and the booing con- tinued for several minutes. After the jeering had subsided, the crowd then waited for the awards to be made in the Triple Jump event; and when the third place was announced, the noise began again this time louder and longer than before, and finally an Olympic official came and led the third place winner from the stadium. With his third place medal held limply in his hand, tears streaming down his face, he left the stadium in disgrace. He had won third place in the world for his event, yet somehow he was a loser. He had lost something far greater than he had won.
In an earlier Olympic contest held in Los Angeles in 1932, in an event called the 5,000 Meter Run, a similar incident took place. This event is over three - miles in length, and a great runner from Finland by the name of Leightner was considered to be a sure winner. His previous performances had labeled him as the best in the Olympic competition that year. To the surprise of nearly everyone, and the great delight of the American fans, a contestant from the United States named Hill moved up, and with only a few laps left, challenged the great Scandinavian champion. However, as Hill tried to pass, Leightner moved out in front of his challenger and would not permit him to pass. Hill made many attempts to get by the leader, but each time Leightner would force him to the out- side and would not allow him room to pass. The fans began shouting in protest at these tactics; and as the two neared the finish line, Hill made a final effort to pass Leightner, but the Finnish champion forced him wide to the outside and eventually at the finish forced him clear off the running track and then broke the tape as the victor. The fans were furious and did not hesitate to express themselves. After the noise died down everyone awaited the decision of the judges. Who would be the gold medal winner?
At that time there was no Olympic rule which pro- hibited the actions of Leightner. He was legally the winner of the five thousand meters. The judges, knowing that there would be protests, waited until the next day to announce their decision on this event. As the announcement finally came, a hush fell over the spectators and everyone listened intently, ready to voice protest if Leightner was declared the winner. However, the fans remained quiet as Leightner was called to the top step (Continued on page 406)
365
FAMILY GROUP SHEET
INSPECTION
IN THE WARDS
In January 1964 a new record examining program was introduced, to be carried out in all wards and branches of the Church.
There is urgent need for this service. Far too high a percentage of all the family group sheets submitted by the public to the Genealogical Society to be processed for temple work, have to be returned to the senders because of imperfections, omissions of vital facts, and inadequate identification. When scrutinized by the record examiners at the society, these sheets all too frequently are found to be wanting in information which the compiler very likely could have given, had he been aware of the importance of doing so.
Imagine the long and disappointing delay occa- sioned when sheets come in from, say, Finland, Aus- tralia, Canada, or Mexico, and have to be returned for lack of the name and relationship of the family repre- sentative, the source of information, the sex of the
children, or the maiden names of the women. A little expert coaching at the ward or branch level could have avoided the necessity of returning these sheets because of clerical deficiencies in the recording of the names, dates, places, or relationships.
According to the official plan, members of the ward are to hand the family group sheets they have com- piled for temple work to the high priests group leader in their ward. He will have in his possession a printed, form on which he will record the name of the person submitting sheets for inspection by the ward record examiners, and the number of sheets handed in by that individual. Next he will record the date on which he passed these sheets to the first record examiner. The latter is under strict obligation to scrutinize these sheets within a day or two after receiving them, ac- cording to the official instruction booklet placed in his hands.
This family group sheet examiner is to go over the sheets with great care, noting whether all surnames on the family group record are recorded first, and in capital letters, followed by a comma and then the given names in small or lower case letters, thus SMITH, Clarence William. All dates should be in the order of day, month, and year, as 17 Mar. 1884. Places should be given as town, county, and state or country, as Ogden, Weber, Utah. The relationship of the family representative should be given to the husband and to the wife on each sheet. The source of information should be given on each sheet in sufficient detail so that another could go to that source to check the
GENEALOGY
Pertinent Questions Answered
QUESTION:
Which is actually more important for me, to be as active as possible in genealogical research on my an- cestral lines, or to attend the temple regularly and perform ordinances for my kindred dead?
ANSWER:
In an official letter to stake presi- dents and stake genealogical chair- men, under date of 18 February 1958, President Joseph Fielding
Smith, then president of the Gene- alogical Society, gave this clear explanation :
"During the last few years empha- sis has been placed on temple work. Through the consistent effort of stake leaders, temple activity throughout the Church has increased tremen- dously. Because of this it is now necessary for us to stress the need for more accurate research to produce better records.
"It should be stressed that gene- alogical research is fust as important as temple work, and is entitled to equal credit."
The same truth was emphasized by President George F. Richards, formerly president of the Salt Lake Temple:
"To seek after our dead means to find them out by genealogical re- search, to obtain the information
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
accuracy of the information.
If any errors or omissions are detected by the record examiner, he should make a notation calling attention to this defect on a separate sheet or slip and attach this to the family group sheet; but he should make no note or ivriting on the group sheet itself. Then this first examiner should place his initials on the sheet examined in the specified place and return the sheet to the high priests group leader, ivho is adviser on genealogy to the bishop. The group leader then makes a notation on his record sheet of the date he gives this same sheet to the second family group sheet examiner. Guided by the same official instructions this second examiner checks over the sheets carefully, attaching notations to the sheet when needed. After he has initialed the sheet, he returns it to the high priests group leader. This official then returns the sheet, with any attached notations, to the patron who submitted the family group record. In doing so he has an excellent opportunity to point out to the patron any deficiencies the two examiners have found on his sheet.
After making the necessary additions or corrections the patron should send the sheet or sheets to the Genealogical Society for processing.
All members of the ward should be encouraged to attend the family class on MIA night, and also the genealogical training class in Sunday School that they may be properly trained in the mechanics of making out properly the family group sheets they submit for temple work.
It is not actually difficult for the average adult to master the technique of making out an acceptable family group record, and in a short time all members of the ward presenting sheets for processing should become skilled in doing this. When this goal is at- tained, then the sheets sent in by the patron from the ward, after they have been adequately inspected by the ward family group sheet examiners, should only in very rare and unusual cases have to be re- turned for correction from the Genealogical Society. Thus delays and disappointments ivill be avoided.
Family Group Examining in the Missions
In the missions of the Church the record examining is done on a district rather than on a branch basis. There should be at least two record examiners in each district. The record should be kept on a district level similar to that kept by the high priests group leader in the ward, of the number of sheets received, the dates they are submitted to the first record examiner, to the second record examiner, and the date they are returned to the patron.
Ordinarily, in the mission, the sheets will be sent by the patron himself to the Genealogical Society for processing. In a few missions the practice is for the sheets to be sent, not back to the patron, but to the mission office, to be forwarded to the Genealogical Society by the mission office. This method of pro- cedure may be continued if the mission president so desires.
f«;|^!|;:'.:|
regarding them that will identify them from all other people bearing the same name. A perfect identifica- tion is to have the individual's full name, also the day, month, and year of his birth; the town, county, and state where he was born; the date of his death; the name of his father and mother; and, if it is a mar- ried man, his wife's name; and, if it is a married woman, her husband's name. We regard this as complete identification. ... As you know, this information must be had concerning our dead before we can go into the temple and do the work for them. It places the principle of genealogical research, so far as our dead are con- cerned, on a par in importance with the temple work which we do for them. And when the Prophet says, 'The greatest responsibility in this world that God has placed upon us
is to seek after our dead,' it means the responsibility of finding them out by genealogical research and then going into the temple and receiving for them those saving ordinances." (The Improvement Era, May 1942, Vol. 45, p. 288.)
What we would like to point out is that neither should be placed above another. We complete our genealogical research when we com- plete the ordinance work in the temple. To secure the blessings of temple ordinance work we must first do genealogical work.
QUESTION:
What is the purpose of the Pedi- gree Referral Service, now being introduced?
ANSWER:
It has a twofold purpose:
1. To bring together people who have common lines of ancestry so they can co-ordinate and combine their research efforts.
2. To prevent duplication of re- search through a central registration file at the Genealogical Society of all surname and locality searches that have been carried out.
QUESTION:
When will this service begin?
ANSWER:
Registrations are being accepted now on the printed forms prepared for this purpose.
When sufficient entries have been registered to make this service effec- tive, an announcement will be made that requests for information will be accepted on official forms which will be distributed at that time.
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A/1
I ^u ■ uch is said about the value of education these JL. f JLdays. The Latter-day Saints themselves are great advocates of the individual acquisition of knowl- edge. Regardless of where members of the Church have settled, the establishment of schools was of pri- mary importance. Today, the standard of education among the Mormons as a people is second to none.
God has always encouraged his people to obtain knowledge. He has taught them that no man can be saved in ignorance, (D&C 131:6) and that even his own glory is his intelligence. (Ibid., 93:36.) In his admonition to them to study, to read the best books and to develop themselves (ibid., 88:77-80), the Lord, no doubt, meant that man should inquire into secular knowledge as well as into things which pertain to "the kingdom." (Ibid., 88:77-80.) Consider the explana- tion of the meaning of D&C 88:79-80 as given by the writers of the Doctrine and Covenants Commentary.
"But theology is not the only subject the Elders should be interested in. They should study:
79. "Things both in heaven] Astronomy.
"And in the earth] Everything pertaining to the cultivation of the soil.
"And under the earth] Mineralogy, geology, etc.
"Things which have been] History, in all its branches.
"Things which are] Current events.
"Things which must shortly come to pass] Prophecies.
"Things which are at home * * * abroad] Domestic and foreign policies.
"Wars * * * perplexities * * * judgments] The 'signs of the times,' by which the observer may know that 'the day of the Lord' is at hand.
"A knowledge of countries * * * kingdoms] Physi- cal and political geography, languages, etc.
"These studies, the Lord considers necessary, 'That ye may be prepared in all things when I shall send you again to magnify the calling whereunto I have called you' (v. 80). God does not require all of His servants to become doctors or professors or even profound students of these subjects, but He expects them to know enough of these things to be able to magnify
their calling as His ambassadors to the world.' The Latter-day Saints have, as George A. Smith remarks (Journal of Discourses, Vol. VI, p. 84), 'been con- stantly and continually, upon new ground'; they have had to shift for themselves, and it is only because the Elders have tried to live up to this Revelation that they have been able to find a home in a desert and make a Paradise in waste places. It is by the light of this Revelation that the Saints have been able to reach a place in the world of politics, arts, and sci- ences, second to none."1
Thus, it is obvious that there is no question as to the stand of the Church on knowledge and its applica- tion. As stated above, it is important to have suffi- cient information about these topics so that one can adequately represent the Church in whatever calling or assignment he may receive. The real issue is the depth to which the individual wishes to go in his search for secular knowledge.
President William E. Berrett, Administrator of Seminaries and Institutes of Religion, speaking to seminary and institute faculties during the summer of 1958, stated the problem in this manner;
"There have been so many charges that men devoted to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints cannot become scholars in their respective fields of academic study without having their loyalty to the Church questioned by others, or without feeling in themselves that they are compromising their pro- fessed beliefs, . . ."-
It would seem that those of whom President Berrett spoke are not conversant with the explanation set forth in the quotation from the Doctrine and Cove- nants Commentary. However, as one studies the complexities involved in this problem of man— his quest for truth and whether or not there are limitations as to
nSmith, Hyrum M-, and Sjodahl, Janne M., Doctrine and Covenants Commentary, 1950 edition; University Press, Inc., Cambridge, Massa- chusetts; p"ge 556.
2Berrett, William E., "Academic Freedom in Church Schools," Brigham Young University Summer Session, July 1, 1958; page 1.
BY STERLING R. PROVOST
PROFESSOR OF SPEECH AND RELIGION THE CHURCH COLLEGE OF HAWAII
Fhe Gospel of Jesus Christ and the
teaching
CONDUCTED BY THE CHURCH UNIFIED SCHOOL SYSTEM
368
the extent of his study— it is evi- dent that any solution will require an understanding of certain factors : ( 1 ) the scope of the gospel of Jesus Christ, (2) the nature of academic freedom, and (3) the real purpose and value of knowledge.
Elder James E. Talmage, former member of the Council of the Twelve, is specific in his interpretation of the depth of gospel truth:
". . . Primarily, theology is the science that deals with God and religion; it presents the facts of observed and revealed truth in orderly array, and indicates the means of their application in the duties of life. Theology then has to do with other facts than those that are specifically called spiritual; its domain is that of truth. . . .
"A complete survey of theol- ogy, therefore, would embrace all known truths. God has con- stituted Himself as the great teacher; by personal manifesta- tions or through the ministrations of His appointed servants, He instructs His mortal children. To Adam He introduced the art of agriculture, and demonstrated that of tailoring; to Noah and Nephi He gave instructions in ship-building; Lehi and Nephi were taught of Him in the arts of navigation; and for their (Continued on page 388)
pursuit of
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THE CHURCH IN EARLY CALIFORNIA
BY ALBERT L. ZOBELL, JR.
RESEARCH EDITOR
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Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints first arrived in organized groups in what is now California nearly 118 years ago. Some arrived by ship, traveling around the "Horn" from New York. Some came by foot, walking all the way from Kansas.
The exodus of the Church to the west began in February, 1846. On the Iowa plains the "Mormon Battalion" was recruited from among the pioneers to help the United States in its struggle with Mexico. Five companies of these volunteers went to Fort Leavenworth, then on August 13 started their long and historic march to the Southwest, arriving at the San Diego Mission in California on January 29, 1847.
On the same day the exodus began from Nauvoo, February 4, 1846, Samuel Brannan, leader of the Church in the New York area, embarked for California with a company of more than two hundred on the sailing ship Brooklyn. Their journey took them around Cape Horn into the Pacific to the Juan Fernandez Islands off the coast of Chile, then to Honolulu, and finally into the San Francisco Bay where they landed July 31, 1846. When they left New York, California had been Mexican territory, but they found the stars and stripes flying over "Yerba Buena."
Within a few months the name of Yerba Buena was changed to San Francisco, and these ship Brooklyn pioneers were in at the beginning of a bustling metropolis. In the hold of the Brooklyn they had carefully brought a printing press; and the California Star, the second newspaper to be published in Cali- fornia, made its appearance in January 1847.
On Sunday, April 4, 1847, Samuel Brannan and two companions left the Bay of San Francisco, traveling eastward on horseback. They passed over the last camping grounds of the Donner Party who had met their tragic end that winter, crossed what is now Nevada and Utah, and on June 30, after a journey of more than eight hundred miles, found Brigham Young camped on the Green River. Brannan brought news from the Brooklyn Saints who were now settling in the San Joaquin Valley; of the Battalion which had reached the Pacific Coast; of the newspaper California Star (he had brought sixteen numbers with him ) ; of the richness of California's soil; of its wonder- ful climate; of the conquest of the country by the United States; and of the Brooklyn colony's invitation for President Young and the main body of pioneers to join them.
President Young insisted that the Saints were going to the valley of the Great Salt Lake, and a very disap- pointed Samuel Brannan returned to his "new" home to lose his identity with the Church. In his Cali-
The old Mormon Council House, first courthouse in San Bernardino County.
The residence of Samuel Brannan in 18h7. He built this house in the center of what is now Chinatown in San Francisco.
Samuel Brannan, said to have been California's first millionaire.
Yerba Buena (San Francisco) as it appeared in 18A6-U7 to the Brooklyn pioneers.
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An artist' 's conception of Sutter's Fort in 184.6
forma he found opportunities beyond his dreams as he became one of San Francisco's early leaders and had much to do with the Vigilante Committee that brought law and order there. He has often been called California's first millionaire, but his wealth was squandered and dissipated over the years. He lost his identity with the American giants of that golden age in California, his influence vanished, and he was to die alone, penniless, and unremembered at Eseon- dido, in southern California, in 1889.
Members of the Mormon Battalion had become peacetime soldiers in southern California. They helped improve housing and other conditions; they built Fort
Moore (now the site is appropriately marked in down- town Los Angeles) and raised the first American flag there on a giant flagpole July 4, 1847. Their enlistment for one year was up, and although they were requested to re-enlist, the majority of them were mustered out at Los Angeles July 16, 1847 and went northward to the San Joaquin Valley and to San Francisco, then the only known direct route to the Salt Lake Valley. In the Bay City they swelled the membership of the Church, and there, Addison Pratt, returning from a mission to the Society Islands (Ta- hiti), became president of the San Francisco Branch of the Church December 2, 1847.
The old John M. Horner church and sclioolhouse built in 1850 in Centerville.
In this old adobe dwelling in Alameda County, Latter-day Saint religious services and socials were held from late 1847 or early 1848 until 1850.
Some of the men of the Mormon Battalion were hired as laborers by Captain John Sutter who had vast holdings in the Sacramento area. Six of these men, three other white men, and some Indians were work- ing under the direction of James W. Marshall, Sutter's foreman, constructing a millrace at Coloma, Cali- fornia, January 24, 1848, when gold was discovered in their diggings.
Elder Henry W. Bigler recorded the discovery in his diary, the diary-entry being accepted by historians who thus have dated the discovery that led to the California gold rush and brought thousands of men to the gold fields.
After fulfilling their working agreements to Captain Sutter the veterans of the Mormon Battalion did not seek to find gold deposits on their own, but took their earnings and turned eastward, journeying to the Salt Lake Valley where many of them found their families and the Church.
The Saints of the ship Brooklyn were mostly of farm stock. They recognized the rich soil and the superb growing conditions. They found a new leader among themselves, John Horner, who went with them to develop new farmlands. His bounteous harvests were only matched by the prices that gold miners were willing to pay, {Continued on page 417)
John M. Horner, often called California's "first" farmer.
A page from the journal of Henry W. Bigler, a member of the Mormon Battalion, which has established the date of the discovery of gold on the American River.
MAY 1964
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^,
Recently a young man was notified that he was being transferred from Utah to Northern California. He immediately went there to become acquainted with his new work-day assignment. But he was doing more. He was quietly making his own survey of something most precious to him— the Church. He came back to Utah to wind up his affairs and to help his family pack, and he was elated. The Northern California he saw was what he was looking for— friendly congregations of the Saints, opportunities for church activity in modern chapels, just as he had known and loved them where he had been active in the Church. Yes, he would be perfectly at home there. The story of the Church in a given area is the same as in any other area where the members are active and have their heart in the work. And the members' hearts and souls are dedicated to the work in North- ern California.
# » # # *
Beautiful LDS chapels and other church buildings dot the land there. But when one thinks of these buildings, one structure immediately comes to mind: the East Bay Interstake Center that shares the grounds with the Oakland Temple.
The late President Stephen L Richards of the First Presidency broke ground for this building on July 20, 1957. He said: "I envision in this unique building combination a pattern which will be widely emulated throughout the Church. This will be a great center of activity for the Church in this area— especially for the young people— a place where they may come and find their partners."
Speaking on the same occasion, Elder Mark E. Petersen of the Council of the Twelve said: "As you build [here] you are building souls; you are building character; you are building for eternal happiness and salvation."
The building, planned by the Oakland-Berkeley, Hayward, and Walnut Creek stakes, contains an audi- torium which seats 2,200 plus a hall which can seat 1,000; a two-ward chapel with seating facilities for 330, classrooms, cultural hall for the wards, Junior
The LDS Church is a strong advocate of the scouting pro- gram. Here are six young men of the Walnut Creek Stake who received Eagle awards at a recent Court of Honor.
B
President David O. McKay and O. Leslie Stone, President of the Oakland-Berkeley Stake and the Oakland Temple District, inspect an early rendering of the new temple.
C
The East Bay Interstake Center, on Temple Hill in Oak- land, is a mecca for church activities in the Bay area.
D
Playing in the largest basketball league in the world, the senior team from the Oakland Third Ward shows its superiority over a team from Hawaii in the tournament in Salt Lake City.
P
mm.
Top. President Joseph Fielding Smith of the Council of the Twelve speaks at a special gathering in the East Bay Interstake Center.
Above. President David O. McKay addresses a capacity audience during dedicatory services of the Interstake Center September 25, 1960.
376
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Sunday School chapel and classrooms; baptistry, offices, and miscellaneous rooms which complete the building complex. A mammoth stage is designed to be used in conjunction with either the auditorium or the large hall.
The building was officially opened with a festive program, Friday, October 16, 1959.
A great pipe organ, costing $50,000, was especially designed for the auditorium and built in Weikersheim, Germany. It was played for the first time on Sunday, September 25, I960, at the services wherein President David O. McKay dedicated this building.
In less than four years since the dedication, the East Bay Interstake Center has become the focal point of the LDS community. Indeed it has become the cultural center of activity voiced by President Richards at the groundbreaking.
Later this summer (the dates are yet to be deter- mined) the Mutual Improvement Associations of five Bay Area stakes are planning a pageant with a cast of 600 to 800, both young and old. In music, drama, and dance the presentation will focus attention of the youth of the Church and nonmembers on the purpose of temple building and upon the history of the Church.
It will present parts of the life of the Prophet Joseph Smith, the Book of Mormon, the growth of the Church in its infancy, and the temples at Kirtland and Nauvoo; the westward movement and President Brigham Young and the building of the inland empire; and finally, the growth of modern Israel, how the Church meets
:: ■•
Top. Admirers crowd around President McKay between services at Interstake Center.
Above. Although there were only 50 LDS students among the 1,£00 who attended the Homestead High School in Sunnyvale, California, in 1962-63, these three young men from the Sunnyvale Ward, Palo Alto Stake, held high positions of leadership. L to R, Kent Reynolds, sophomore president; Richard Hart, student body vice-president, and Richard Dillender, student body president.
MAY 1964
377
Part of a group of 53 persons who recently completed a genealogical school in the San Jose Stake.
the needs of man and the challenge of the world, and the Oakland Temple.
In the athletic programs of the Church, the areas in Northern California have always participated and found additional activity and joy by so doing. The
Northern California entrants are looked forward to as fine contenders in the all-Church tournaments in Utah. Most recently the Oakland Third Ward, Oak- land-Berkeley Stake placed third in the junior all- Church basketball tournament in Salt Lake City.
# # * * e
The Saints in the area to be served by the Oakland Temple have a variety of projects functioning in the church welfare program. There are agricultural projects ranging in size from a few acres to a thousand acres, the latter being operated by five stakes at Pleasanton, California. Some of the peaches used by the church welfare program are produced in Gridley and processed by a modern church welfare cannery in Sacramento. Beef and many canning crops are produced in the welfare projects of this area. The raisins used in the church-wide program are grown and dried by the two Fresno stakes.
The Church and all who read of it were thrilled by the show of brotherhood, administered under the church welfare program at Yuba City, California, after a dike gave way on Christmas Eve, 1955, causing extensive damage by flooding. Many escaped with but what they wore, and the Yuba City Ward chapel, which had sustained water damage, became the headquarters for relief and rehabilitation work after waters had receded from the building.
378
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
The San Francisco Stake, organized July 10, 1927, is the oldest California stake of the Church con- tinuously functioning under its name. There was a San Bernardino Stake briefly in pioneer times. The old Los Angeles Stake was organized January 21, 1923, but name changes, realignments, and reorganiza- tions took place in 1939.
In 1923 the old Los Angeles Stake was one of three stakes to be organized that year, and was the eighty- seventh stake then functioning in the Church. Begin- ning with the old Los Angeles Stake approximately twenty percent of the stakes of the Church that have been organized in the forty-year period have been
geographically wholly or partly in California.
» $ * « *
Over the years missionary work has been carried forward with some of the minority groups in Cali- fornia. For a time the headquarters of the Chinese Mission were in San Francisco's Chinatown. Today San Francisco Stake, in that cosmopolitan city, has a Polynesian Ward as well as branches of Chinese- American and Spanish-American brothers and sisters. There is a Spanish-speaking ward in the Fresno East Stake. Spanish-American branches are also a part of San Jose and Sacramento stakes. Work has also been done with the people of Armenian extraction in the
Fresno area.
$ & $ * #
Across the street from the Oakland Temple at 4945 Lincoln Way, are the new quarters of the Northern California Mission, having been recently moved from San Francisco.
Activity in this mission is always good with the number of baptisms consistent to place the Northern California Mission among the leading missions of the Church.
Quoting from a recent report prepared in that mission:
"One of the greatest challenges facing missionaries today is that of gaining entrance into the homes of families so that we can explain the message of the restored gospel. In the Northern California Mission we have many excellent tools that we use in this proselyting effort.
"This year we have another important development in our mission: the construction and completion of the Oakland Temple. This is awakening the interest of many people in the Bay area and throughout our mission. As we introduce ourselves, people comment that they have noticed the new edifice that our Church is constructing on the hill. They ask questions about the temple, and they want to know about what the Church, believes.
"In our mission our main emphasis is on teaching
entire families. As we teach, we explain the signifi- cance and importance of the entire family unit made possible by the work which is performed within the temples of the Lord. With this new temple being built within the confines of our mission, parents realize the reality and completeness of the gospel of Jesus Christ. "Already [this was written in March] we receive calls at the mission home from people desiring to
learn more about the temple and the Church."
* # * # #
The Church in the Oakland Temple District ( or any area of the Church) is not only chapels of brick and stone, but also priesthood and Sacrament meetings, Sunday School and seminary classes, Relief Society and Primary gatherings, wholesome week-evening activities of the Mutual Improvement Associations, early-morning, late-at-night, and all-day Saturday toiling in the cause of brotherhood on welfare projects.
All these activities, and much more, aid, of course, but the Church is individual members with goals set high to obtain their place in the promised eternities.
The Oakland Temple is now completed physically and is soon to be spiritually dedicated. Worthy mem- bers of the Church will have a temple in their midst, a tower and a source of heavenly strength always.
During the time that the Oakland Temple was being planned President McKay once gave this challenge: "If everyone were so living today in such a way to be worthy to participate in temple ordinances, we would soon have universal peace."
Sunday is a day of worship and church-going for young people of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints, like these from the Sunset Ward, San Fran- cisco Stake.
MAY 1964
379
THE
OAKLAND
TEMPLE
BY HAROLD W. BURTON
SUPERVISING ARCHITECT, CHURCH BUILDING COMMITTEE
AND
W. AIRD MACDONALD
The temple as it appears
at sunset from across a lake
in doivntown Oakland.
Forty years ago this summer, in 1924, the late Presi- dent George Albert Smith, then a member of the Council of the Twelve was in San Francisco attending regional -Boy Scout meetings. As the president of the little Oakland Branch of the California Mission, I [Aird Macdonald] was invited to meet him at the Fairmont Hotel, high atop Nob Hill. We sat on the roof terrace facing the East Bay, discussing affairs concerning the little church organization across the bay.
From the Fairmont terrace we had a wonderful panorama of the great San Francisco Bay, nestling at our feet. The setting sun seemed to set the whole eastern shore afire, until the Oakland hills were ablaze with golden light. As we admired the beauty and majesty of the scene, President Smith suddenly grew silent, ceased talking, and for several minutes gazed intently toward the East Bay hills.
"Brother Macdonald, I can almost see in vision a white temple of the Lord high upon those hills," he exclaimed rapturously, "an ensign to all the world travelers as they sail through the Golden Gate into this wonderful harbor." Then he studied the vista for a few moments as if to make sure of the scene before him. "Yes, sir, a great white temple of the Lord," he confided with calm assurance, "will grace
those hills, a glorious ensign to the nations, to welcome our Father's children as they visit this great city."
A few years later, President David O. McKay, then one of the Twelve, visited Oakland at one of our first stake conferences, and asked to see the place where Brother Smith had envisioned a temple. I accom- panied him to the hill, a point high above the Di- mond district off Mountain Boulevard, the present site of the Oakland Temple. Following President McKay's visit, negotiations for the purchase of the property continued for several years, until the Church finally acquired the hill where Brother Smith saw the vision of a temple that summer evening in 1924.
The vision of a "White Temple" on the East Bay hills persisted and became the dream of the local church colony. After the visit of President McKay, efforts to buy the site continued over a period of fourteen years. But many circumstances developed to block the ownership of the hilltop by the Church. One private owner refused to sell his essential parcel. It was not until after his death that a settlement among his heirs finally made the property available. Once the site was pre-empted by the school board for an elementary school building. When plans changed, the property fell into the hands of a real estate hous- ing promoter, whose plans were approved by city,
3SO
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
county, and state officials, but because of the Korean War he was not able to proceed with the project.
President David O. McKay related the following at the groundbreaking for the temple on May 28, 1962:
"I am reminded that it was in 1934 when a com- mittee was appointed to choose the site of the Oak- land Temple. I wish to commend those men. The chairman of that committee was Eugene Hilton, . . . [with] Delbert F. Wright, . . . and A. B. Graham, a real estate man, who has gone to his reward. Those three men looked around this area for a suitable temple site, and they finally chose one which was most suit- able, but it was not for sale. It was this site.
"The war came on, but the labors of these men con- tinued. One day, Brother Graham received word that the site they had chosen seven years before was for sale. The owner had been unable to consummate a deal which he had anticipated and now had the fifteen acres for sale. Brother Hilton said, 'This is most im- portant. It is an answer to our prayers. We shall not wait for the mails. I shall go to Salt Lake tonight.'
"I commend the faith, the energy, and wisdom of the members of this committee who chose the site which today we are dedicating, and on which we shall break first ground.
"It was two months later when President Heber J.
Grant sent a member of the First Presidency [President McKay] to look at the site, and he reported to Presi- dent Grant and the Brethren that it was ideal. From that time on, this site has been called 'Temple Hill.'
"On November 16, 1942, a letter signed by President Heber J. Grant and President David O. McKay, coun- selor, was sent to Brother A. B. Graham stating, 'We have concluded to purchase the fifteen acres suggested in President Hilton's letter of September 15, 1942, and inspected by yourself, President McKay, Presi- dent Hilton, and others, on Tuesday, November 3, 1934.' etc. With that letter was enclosed a check for $100.00 for assurance of good faith, and later (Janu- ary 28, 1943), the balance was sent down, and this site was purchased for a little over $18,000.00." Other parcels of land were later added to the original pur- chase to enlarge the site.
On Monday, January 23, 1961, President David O. McKay flew to San Francisco to a prearranged meet- ing at the Hilton Hotel near the San Francisco airport. Stake presidencies in the area from Fresno on the south to Klamath on the north and Reno on the east were present. At that time there were nineteen stakes in the area. Now, three years later there are twenty-five.
President McKay announced that the First Presi- dency and the Council of the Twelve had approved a temple for Oakland. Construction was started as soon as the plans were ready.
Harold W. Burton, supervising architect of the Church building committee, had been appointed architect for the temple, the fifteenth to be erected by the Church in this dispensation. This is the third temple that Brother Burton has designed. He was but twenty-five years of age and the junior partner of the firm of Pope and Burton when their design for a temple to be built in Canada was selected from among eight sets of plans in "anonymous competition." Later he was assigned to prepare plans for the temple in Hawaii.
The stake presidencies were overjoyed with this announcement and pledged to President McKay that they would raise not less than five hundred thousand dollars toward the construction of the temple.
One stake president recalls making a mental calcu- lation that the pledge would mean more than five dol- lars per capita for the 92,000 church members of the area.
Then all too quickly the meeting was at an end and the stake presidencies stood in line to say good- bye to the President. Each in his turn took the then 87-year-old Church leader by the hand saying some- thing like, "We'll have the money, President McKay." And he smiled and replied, "I know you will," in such
MAY 1964
381
a way that they knew, too, that it was almost even then a reality.
At that meeting a temple committee was named with President O. Leslie Stone of the Oakland-Berke- ley Stake as chairman, President David B. Haight of the Palo Alto Stake, vice chairman, Presidents Dallas A. Tueller of the Fresno Stake and Carroll William Smith of Klamath (Oregon) Stake as members. Paul E. Warnick of the Oakland-Berkeley Stake high council was named executive secretary of the com- mittee, and Sister Nell Smith was appointed pub- licity chairman.
President McKay was to return to Salt Lake City that evening. He recalled how he used to travel to church appointments in a horse and buggy, and how, when he first had gone to California as a member of the Council of the Twelve, there were but small branches there.
Upon leaving the meeting some of the stake presi- dents drove past the temple site. Actually, the work had already commenced. The site had been leveled in 1955, when 240,000 yards of rock and shale were
The head of Christ, part of
the sculptured panel on the south facade
of the temple which depicts the
appearance of the Savior
to the Nephites.
moved for fill, a major portion by the city of Oakland. The East Bay Inter-Stake Center had been erected on the property in 1957-1959.
Subsequently, when President Carroll Smith was called to preside over the Western Canadian Mission, President James Price Ronnow of Reno Stake joined the temple committee. Today another member of that committee, President David B. Haight, serves as president of the Scottish Mission.
Looking back on it now, the committee reports that there was no difficulty in raising the funds. Children's pennies and widows' mites joined the sizeable con- tributions of the more prosperous members. Every- one was willing and anxious to do his share and more. One nonmember in the city of Oakland made a volun- tary unsolicited contribution of $3,500. On February 24, 1964, President Stone reported to The Improve- ment Era: "As of this date over $600,000 has been contributed. . . ." It was indeed gratifying to see how the people responded with their contributions.
President McKay returned to Oakland, Saturday, May 26, 1962, where he officially broke ground for the structure. All members of the First Presidency and many of the General Authorities were present. Approximately seven thousand were in attendance at this service. Construction on the building started the following Monday morning.
President Joseph Fielding Smith of the Council of the Twelve laid the cornerstone on Saturday, May 25, 1963. Here the Salt Lake Tabernacle Choir (then on a concert tour in California) sang at the services, which were attended by an estimated seven thousand.
The Oakland Temple differs from the older type of temple in that there will be but two ordinance rooms. The ceremonies that are performed in four rooms in other temples are consolidated into each of these two rooms. The ceremonies in these two ordinance rooms will be alternated at one hour and fifteen minute intervals. The celestial room will be common to both ordinance rooms, which will make it possible for one group of temple workers to officiate in both rooms.
The celestial room in the Oakland Temple, located directly under the central tower and spire, is thirty- eight feet square. The room has a thirty-five foot high ceiling. The walls are covered in giallo sienna, a beautiful golden-toned marble imported from Italy. The wall panels are of light-colored South American wood, known as Prima Vera. This Prima Vera wood has a golden glaze which harmonizes perfectly with the beautiful Italian marble. The floor will be car- peted with a deep pile velvet carpet in a golden hue that harmonizes with the marble and wood paneling.
Beneath the celestial room is the baptistry in the
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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This sculptured panel on the north side of the temple represents in heroic-size figures the Savior teaching his followers in Palestine.
exact center of the building, in the lowest part of the temple. The floor of the baptistry is marble, the sixteen supporting columns that carry the weight of the central tower and spire is covered with a travertine marble which is quarried in Utah. It is crystalline formation with onyx and other crystals, which gives it a rich bronze-like effect.
The front itself is supported on the backs of twelve life-sized oxen covered with pure gold leaf. The oxen have the appearance of emerging from reeded foliage, which will be polychromed in natural foliage colors. The oxen are typical of those used by the early Mormon pioneers in crossing the plains.
There are ten sealing rooms in the building, two of which have a seating capacity of sixty, four with a seating of twenty-two each, and four seating sixteen each. The sealing rooms will be carpeted wall to wall. All four walls are paneled with silk-covered panels and mirrors. These mirrors give the symbolic effect of eternity because of the repeated reflections on all sides of the rooms,
The ground floor of the temple is devoted to the initiatory ceremonies. The west wing contains the Bureau of Information and a reception room for temple patrons. The temple chapel and the other
administrative offices are in the east wing.
The exterior of the building from the base to the top of the central tower is faced with sierra white granite, which is quarried at Raymond, California, approxi- mately 175 miles from the temple site.
The temple proper sits on the stylobate 210 feet from east to west and 190 feet from north to south. It faces two and one-half degrees west off true north. The central tower rises 170 feet from ground level to the tip of the finial or spire. There are four lesser spires directly over the four corner towers. These spires reach heavenward ninety-six feet. The towers are perforated and are covered in a blue glass mosaic and gold leaf. They present a very striking effect in the sun light and at night will be illuminated from the interior of the spires, transmitting rays of lacy light which stream through the perforations. The temple will present a stirring sight, especially at night, for viewers from miles away.
A feature of the exterior of the temple is two sculptured panels, thirty-five feet wide and thirteen feet one inch high. The sculptured figures in these panels, one on the north facade and one on the south facade, are heroic in size. (Continued on page 386)
MAY 1964
383
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MAY 1964
385
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The Oakland Temple
( Continued from page 383 )
The panel on the approach, or north side of the building, depicts Jesus of Nazareth in Palestine; the one on the south facade shows Jesus ap- pearing to the Nephites in the Land Bountiful. These panels grow out of the face of the building and are executed in the same granite as the rest of the building, and thereby have the appearance of being an integral part of the temple.
From the stylobate projecting northward are two wings, thirty feet by 149 feet, enclosing a fore-court 80 feet wide and 116 feet long. There will be a reflecting pool in the center of the fore-court thirty-six feet wide and ninety-seven feet long. This will be fed by a waterfall com- ing from the top of the stylobate down the face of the building into a catch basin, overflowing into the reflecting pool. The stylobate will be beautifully landscaped with exotic plantings. From this point, the visitor will get a breath-taking pano- ramic view of the entire bay area. The fore-court will be landscaped with a variety of citrus trees typical of California.
The temple has been erected by the Leon M. Wheatley Co., Inc., and the Jacobsen Construction Co., Inc., as a joint venture. Superin- tendent of construction has been Robert C. Loden.
Arthur Price has been resident architect supervisor during the con- struction of the temple. He acted in a similar capacity during the build- ing of the Arizona Temple nearly forty years ago.
The First Presidency on January 4, 1964 announced the appointment of Elder Delbert F. Wright as presi- dent of the Oakland Temple, with Sister Wright as temple matron. A member of the Priesthood Home Teaching Committee at the time of this appointment, Elder Wright is a former president of both the Oak- land and the Minnesota stakes. He was a member of the committee which selected the site for the temple.
Construction is scheduled to be completed sometime this summer.
The pioneers were forty years in the building of the Salt Lake Tem- ple. Is it a happenstance that forty years after President George
Albert Smith envisioned a temple in Oakland one stands on the very hill- top he saw in blazing light on that summer evening so long ago? "And in that day men shall see visions," said the Prophet Micah in ancient Israel. In 1924, no one by human wisdom could have guessed that one day a temple would be erected in the bay area. At that time only a few small branches struggled to keep the Church alive in all of California. But this became the dawning of a new period in the growth of the Church on the Pacific coast.
The make-up of the Oakland Temple District has yet to be an- nounced, however, the following stakes have been suggested: Ameri- can River, Concord, Fresno, Fresno East, Gridley, Hayward, Klamath, Monterey Bay, Napa, North Sacra- mento, Oakland-Berkeley, Palo Alto, Redding, Redwood, Reno, Reno North, Sacramento, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Jose, San Jose West, San Leandro, San Mateo, Santa Rosa, and Walnut Creek. Cor- vallis, Salem, and Willamette have also been suggested for the district. Other stakes are being considered. The church membership of the twenty-eight named stakes is quoted as 124,290.
To the Saints of the Northern California Mission the Oakland Tem- ple will be "their" temple, as well, although it has been the policy of the Church never officially to as- sign a mission field to a temple district. Members who meet the requirements for temple entry are welcome in these holy edifices no matter where they reside.
BE GLEANERS
BY ROXANA FARNSWORTH HASE
Glean, oh, you women of today, And bind the golden sheaves; Let virtue be your hearts of grain And charity your leaves; Bind with the cord of faithfulness, Weave in some high ideals, Let wisdom be your watchword, Love and peace your daily yields. Glean, oh, you women of today, Glean as did Ruth of old, Yet not for material substance, But for golden truths to hold.
386
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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Teaching
( Continued from page 369 )
guidance on the water, as in their journeyings on land, he prepared for them the Liahona, a compass operated by an influence more effec- tive for its purposes than that of terrestrial magnetism; furthermore, Moses received divine instructions in architecture."3
President Joseph F. Smith clarified the extensiveness of the gospel in this manner:
"In the theological sense, the gos- pel means more than just the tidings of good news, with accompanying joy to the souls of men, for it em- braces every principle of eternal truth. There is no fundamental principle, or truth, anywhere in the universe, that is not embraced in the gospel of Jesus Christ, and it is not confined to the simple first princi- ples, such as faith in God, repent- ance from sin, baptism for the remission of sins, and the laying on of hands for the gift of the Holy Ghost, although these are absolutely essential to salvation and exaltation in the kingdom of God.
"The laws known to man as the 'laws of nature,' through which the earth and all things on it are gov- erned, as well as the laws which prevail throughout the entire uni- verse, through which heavenly bodies are controlled and to which they are obedient in all things, are all cir- cumscribed and included in the gospel. Every natural law or scien- tific principle that man has truly discovered, but which was always known to God, is a part of the gos- pel truth."4
In essence, then, the gospel is limitless in its extent and scope. Furthermore, the gospel is for both the spiritual and temporal benefit of man. However, to learn all that there is to be learned will obviously require more than the time allotted during mortal life.
Dr. John A. Widtsoe, who was a learned scholar and a member of the Council of the Twelve, believed that gaining liberal knowledge did
3Talmage, James E., Articles of Faith, 1952 edition; Salt Lake City, Utah; page 5.
4Smith, Joseph F., Gospel Doctrine, 1949 edi- tion; Deseret Book Company, Salt Lake City, Utah; pp. 85-86.
not diminish faith, for had education been found to destroy faith, God's support would not have been so freely given.3
In an address to the seminary and institute of religion faculties during the summer convention of 1953, Elder Harold B. Lee charged them to:
". . . so teach the gospel that students will not be misled by pur- veyors of false doctrines, vain specu- lations of faulty interpretations. . . . Yours is to teach the old truths, the simple truths, the foundation teachings of the gospel of Jesus Christ, and not be concerned about new speculations that are startling and intriguing, whether true or not."6
In the realm of science the method of formulating a hypothesis and then testing it is desirable because it not infrequently results in new dis- coveries. In the area of gospel
TO MY MOTHER
BY HELEN FLETCHER COLLINS
Age can be beautiful Like the year in the fall, And, remembering you, I shall Not mind growing older at all.
I shall recall the grace Of apple-laden boughs, Fulfilling with ruddy fruit Young springtime's radiant vows.
scholarship, however, such proce- dures are not adequate. The Lord informed Joseph Smith that there are powers beyond this world which quicken the understanding, if one will but listen to the Spirit. He said:
"And the light which shineth, which giveth you light, is through him who enlighteneth your eyes, which is the same light that quick- eneth your understandings;
"Which light proceedeth forth from the presence of God to fill the immensity of space—
"The light which is in all things, which giveth life to all things, which is the law by which all things are
5Widtsoe, John A. tions, Vol. I, 1943; Utah; pp. 31-35.
°Lee, Harold B.,
Evidences and Reconcilia- Bookcraft, Salt Lake City,
"The Mission of Church Schools," Brigham Young University Summer Session, August 21, 1953; pp. 5, 7.
388
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
governed, even the power of God who sitteth upon his throne, who is in the bosom of eternity, who is in the midst of all things." (D&C 88:11-13.)
In the same revelation the Savior continued: "And if your eye be single to my glory, your whole bodies shall be filled with light, and there shall be no darkness in you; and that body which is filled with light compre- hendeth all things." (Ibid, 88:67.)
Academic freedom enables the student to pursue his secular field, knowing that all the truth he dis- covers is accepted by the true Church of Jesus Christ.
President Joseph Fielding Smith declared:
"There never was a time, I sup- pose, in the history of the world when so much knowledge was in the possession of men. Surely knowl- edge has been increased, but at the same time, the doctrine taught in this prophetic saying by Paul is true: men are ever learning, but appar- ently never able to come to a knowledge of the truth." ( 2 Timothy 3:7). . . .
"The Prophet did say that a man cannot be saved in ignorance, but in ignorance of what? He said that a man could not be saved in ignorance of the saving principles of the gospel of Jesus Christ. (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, pp. 297, 301, 324, 331, 332.)
"Not many of the great and mighty, those who form and control the thoughts of the people of today, are going to find salvation in the king- dom of God. Why? Because they have not found the way; they are not walking in the light of truth. They may have knowledge, but they lack intelligence. . . .
"Now I understand that knowledge is very important, but there is a great fund of knowledge in the possession of men that will not save them in the kingdom of God. What they have got to learn are the funda- mental things of the gospel of Jesus Christ. They have got to. learn to have faith in God. They must learn to obey him. They have got to learn his commandments, his ordi- nances, and keep them, and unless they do, all their learning and all their knowledge will be of little benefit to them. . . .
"So with all our boasting, with all our understanding, with all the
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then make sure it's a Rilco laminated wood design
You don't have to cut corners. Economies come naturally with Rilco structural systems. Strong, gracefully curving laminated wood arches simplify your construction. At the same time, give your architect greater design freedom. There are no expensive, bulky columns, thus opening up your sanctuary for greater seating capacity. Erection costs are substantially reduced, too, as Rilco arches, beams and decking go up fast. And natural wood needs practically no maintenance. * — .
The end result: unduplicated beauty of warm, richly grained wood-a true [ iiTpj expression of reverence in a House of Worship. '
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D Church Construction Ideas Booklet
□ Selecting and Working With Your Church Architect
NAME
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knowledge that we possess— and let me say that this great knowledge that has been poured out upon men, and all that is truth, has come from God— but with it all, unless we humble ourselves, and put ourselves in harmony with his gospel truth, and seek for the light which comes through the Spirit of truth, which is Jesus Christ, we will never gain a fulness of knowledge."7
As indicated here, all of the knowl- edge man possesses comes from God; it is where man places the emphasis or importance that is sig- nificant. A man must not sacrifice intelligence (the light of truth), for worldly or secular knowledge. Those who gain exaltation must know all things, such knowledge will not be given unless man acquires those principles that lead to the kingdom of God.8
The question now arises: How does one measure the worth of his education? President McKay gives this answer:
"A man may possess a profound knowledge of history and of mathe- matics; he may be an authority in physiology, biology, or astronomy. He may know all about whatever has been discovered pertaining to general and natural science, but if he has not, with this knowledge, that nobility of soul which prompts him to deal justly with his fellow men, to practice virtue and honesty in per- sonal life, he is not a truly edu- cated man.
"Character is the aim of true edu- cation; and science, history, and literature are but means used to accomplish this desired end. . . . True education seeks to make men and women not only good mathema- ticians, proficient linguists, profound scientists, or brilliant literary lights, but also, honest men. ... It seeks to make men and women who prize truth, justice, wisdom, benevolence, and self-control as the choicest acquisitions of a successful life. . . .
"What, then, is true education? It is awakening a love for truth, a just sense of duty, opening the eyes of the soul to the great purpose and end of life. It is not teaching the indi- vidual to love the good for personal sake; it is to teach him to love the good for the sake of the good itself; to be virtuous in action because he is
7Smith, Joseph Fielding, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol. I, 1954; Bookcraft, Salt Lake City, Utah; pp. 290-291.
sIbid„ pp. 291-292.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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YOU
Membership is not limited to B.Y.U. students or former students, if you ore 17 to 70 years of age and are willing to adhere to the stand- ards of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints, you are eligible to apply for membership.
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See the world with B.Y.U. Go to the land of your Heritage. Visit L.D.S. Church Historical Sites. Tour the Con- tinent. Enjoy the wonders of the World's Fair. Choose from 13 tours visiting 40 countries.
This is the era of travel, learn as you go. Tours are directed by Brigham Yoyng Uni- versity professors trained in the art of travel. Their experience and enthusiasm give you an exciting approach to the cultural, social and spiritual aspects of travel.
5.
Choose from Thirteen Tours Visiting Forty Countries
1. Peoples and Arts Tour of Europe (June 15-Aug. 13). Features New York World's Fair and 16 countries.
2. European Highlights Tour (June 13-July 15). Features New York World's Fair and 10 countries.
3. Student European Tour (June 12-Aug. 13). Features New York World's Fair and 12 countries.
4. European Ancestral Heritage Tour (July 18-Aug. 20) N. Y. World's Fair, 8 coun- tries. Free time in England for Genealogi- cal Research.
Bible and Book of Mormon Lands Tour (Aug. 15-Sept. 30). Features New York World's Fair and 12 countries. Church History — Pageant Tour (July 24- Aug. 2). Features New York World's Fair and Hill Cumorah Pageant. Hawaiian Socio-Cultural Tour (July 8- July 21). Features Oahu and outer islands. 'Round the World Tour (June 12-Aug. 12). Features New York World's Fair and 25 countries.
Pacific Circle Tour (Oct. 1-Nov. 15). In- cludes the World Olympic Games in Tokyo, and 14 countries. Spanish Study Program in Mexico (June 16- Aug, 7). Six weeks' residence in Mex- ico City.
French Study Program in France. Features New York World's Fair, 8 countries and residence in Paris.
American Colonial History Tour (July 25- Aug. 15). Features New York World's Fair and early American and Church History sites.
Early American Homes Tour (June 15- July 19). Features New York World's Fair and great homes in 12 states.
10
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On a Brigham Young University Travel Study Tour. For detailed information indi- cate tours of interest to you, clip, and mail.
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so in heart; to love and serve God supremely, not from fear, but from delight in His perfect character."9 In other words, the gaining of knowledge is one thing; the applica- tion of it is another!
Conclusion
The points of this article may be summarized as follows:
1. In all ages God has encouraged learning among his people, both for their spiritual and temporal well- being.
2. The purpose for acquiring this knowledge is twofold: (1) individ- ual exaltation and (2) to promote the kingdom of God on earth.
3. The gospel of Jesus Christ en- compasses all truth regardless of its source.
4. Academic freedom, although most difficult to define, has certain constant factors—
a. Worldly knowledge increasing- ly contributes to the under- standing and the dissemination of the gospel message.
b. Each individual is free to pur- sue his chosen academic field in his quest for truth.
c. Gospel discussion should be centered around revealed truth, not speculation or individual interpretation.
d. All study will be more profit- able if pursued with an honest seeking of divine guidance.
5. Man is under the necessity of learning, not only because it is a fundamental and divine admonition, but because his eventual glory is dependent upon his acquisition of all knowledge.
6. Knowledge itself is ineffective. The wise application of knowledge is the hallmark of an educated man.
Jesus, the Christ, nearly two thousand years ago, said: "And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free." (John 8:32.) Be he a scholarly academician or a young child entering school for the first time, this promise is universally given to anyone who is willing to pay the price— that of utilizing all of his knowledge for the building of the kingdom of God.
«McKay, David O., "True Education," The Instructor, August, 1961, pp. 253-254.
392
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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Is your church any place to skimp on carpet quality?
'No!" say the architects who specify for so many of the stately new Mormon church buildings. Good carpet, they point out, absorbs sound, saves on main- tenance costs. And, of course, improves appearance.
Not surprisingly, Bigelow Gropoint (above] gets the nod.
Long-wearing Gropoint's all-wool loop pile softens noise to a hushed quiet.
394
And Gropoint's 19 colors make it adapt- able to any decor.
But Gropoint is just one of many Bigelows whose quality befits Mormon church buildings. There are others, in- cluding styles for every public building, every home. Bigelow has 01 can custom- create the perfect carpet. We've done it since 1825.
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THE POWER WITHIN BY ROBERT G. HARDING
I stood upon a seashore My face bared to the storm. The waves— angry, relentless, per- sistent- Wave after wave,
Tearing at cliff, and shore, and headland, pounding blow after blow. I marveled at the force which lay
within; Fear of such power clutched my soul—
The mighty waves!
I stood upon a lake shore My face bared to bitter wind. The waves— wild, blusterous, deter- mined- Wave after wave,
Long, breaking swells lapped the shore, and feathered out on pleas- ant sands. I marveled at benign calmness due
to follow; No longer did fear of waves fill my soul—
The puny waves!
But winds were both the same- Boisterous, erratic, powerful. It was the winds that held the power To stir up waves, to wreck, to create
the force of hurricanes, Or the power to pour out rain or to breathe upon a multi-purpose world. I marvel at this power and what be- hind it lies- God's world— the world we have learned to love—
The power within!
THE LOFTY AND LONELY BY WINIFRED HEISKELL LAYTON
Who walks by night on a lonely hill, dark and desolate, winter-bare, will find ancient wisdom almost fill his heart with solace, banish care.
He finds that beauty doesn't perish, flourishes instead above the crowd where the way is lonely but nourishes the man who walks hand in hand with a cloud.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
r s
It would take a herd of nearly 900 cows to supply milk to the families of Kennecott's 6700 Utah Copper Division employees. Every day Utah's copper family buys about 13,200 quarts of milk. This is just one example of the enormous purchasing power represented by the Kennecott payroll.
Other examples of how employees spend their daily earnings of approximately $124,000 include average daily expenditures of $25,000 for food products, $21,700 for housing, $11,700 for clothing and $3,200 for health care. From the full
range of their buying, virtually every segment of Utah's economy feels the impact of copper.
However, Kennecott's annual payroll of nearly $45 million is just part of the story. Add $30 million in local purchases by the company, and state and local tax payments totaling $12.5 million, and the grand total soars to $87.5 million!
Every operating day at Kennecott is the starting point of dollars that circulate from one end of the state to the other. Directly and in- directly just about every Utahn is in the path of these dollars.
Kennecott (Hopper Corporation ~r vtah coPPer Division
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Church Moves On
(Continued from page 340)
He succeeds Elder L. Leon Jennings as first counselor. Elder Lester Gub- ler sustained as second counselor.
The First Presidency announced the appointment of Elder How- ard S. McDonald as president of the Salt Lake Temple succeeding Presi- dent Willard R. Smith. President McDonald is a former president of Brigham Young University and president of Los Angeles City Col- lege and Los Angeles State College, including San Fernando State Col- lege. At the time of this temple appointment he was regional repre- sentative for the United States Commissioner of Education, in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, with headquarters at San Francisco.
APRIL 1964
The annual conference of the Primary Association opened this morning in the Salt Lake Taber- nacle. Featured in today's sessions were addresses by Elder Howard W. Hunter of the Council of the Twelve; Elder William J. Critchlow, Jr., Assistant to the Twelve; Elder Rob- ert L. Simpson of the Presiding Bishopric; and a 105-piece Primary children's orchestra from the Parley's (Salt Lake City) Stake.
President N. Eldon Tanner of the First Presidency and Elder Harold B. Lee of the Council of the Twelve were among the speakers today at Primary Conference. Music included a chorus of teachers from the Ogden area and a chorus of chil- dren, 500 strong, from the Salt Lake City area. A dramatic presentation "Teach Thy Children of the Lord" was given. Today's meetings con- cluded the association's conference. Some returned missionaries and other groups held their reunions this evening.
With President David O. Mc- Kay presiding and conducting the one hundred thirty-fourth annual conference of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints opened in the Tabernacle this morning. President McKay was presiding at the afternoon session with President Brown conducting.
396
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
VISIT THE
Ufltyhen^iwMb, (S3) United Stales Stiel
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THE CAREFREE WAY. . . by DOMELIHER !
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Enjoy see-level views of magnificent passing scenery from Dome cars. Modern coaches and Pullmans designed for comfort, luxurious lounge cars, delightful dining cars provide every convenience for a safe, relaxing journey.
Choice of routes and free stopovers permit visiting many of America's historic shrines, interesting cities and other scenic attractions. There is no finer way for youngsters and adults to learn about the heritage that made our country great.
You will be delighted, too, how economical the trip can be with money-saving family fares traveling coach or Pullman, leaving Monday through Thursday, returning any day.
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Mothers and Grandmothers
( Continued from page 363 )
children without the daily responsi- bility is wonderful. It is a case of having your cake and eating it too.
Right here I would like to pay tribute to my own beloved mother, who for many years was a grand- mother and great-grandmother. When she reached her ninety-fourth milestone, her mind was clear and sparkling. Although frail in body, she was strong in her testimony which increased with her years. Un- falteringly she looked forward to the time when she would be called "home." Through life she played her different roles with precision and care, and when she took her final curtain, her audience knew she had found that joy of a per- fect performance.
I should like to pause long enough to mention the cavalcade of unwed women and motherless wives, who stand by on this day with a shadow in their eyes and a lonely pain in their hearts. May they find compensa-
tion in that pattern of daily living.
Mothers, it takes sacrifice and courage, self-denial and understand- ing to do the things you are doing, but more than that it takes loving and praying— lots and lots of it. It is not an easy assignment, but it pays dividends, and oh, what dividends. There is nothing more deserving and commendable in the world. It is worth your best efforts. Work at it. Make it your major. Study it and find the answers.
Recently I had the pleasure of listening to an exceptionally talented piano duo, Shaw and Druke, per- form a concerto with flawless tech- nique and interpretation. And while they were playing, I was impressed with the marvelous co-ordination that was required to produce such a masterful exhibition, the hours of practice by each one individually, then the hours of synchronizing the two perfected parts. And the thought occurred to me that if every husband and wife could put the same intelli- gence and sensitivity into the busi- ness and art of being efficient in their relations to each other, as this duo put into their vocation, what a great
and marvelous success would be as- sured to the institution of marriage.
And there is no better proving ground for such a venture than in your beginning of married life, where your economic conditions are stretched, where your objectives are alike, and when you both join forces in promoting worthwhile projects. Think of the power that is created, and as you ally yourself with this generated potential, it becomes suf- fused in you, and you are able to accomplish much with little— not be- cause you are good and clever, but because you have allied yourself with lasting and powerful principles.
Life can be very yielding if you yearn and strive for the joy it can give.
A learned man divides joy into three categories: pleasure, happiness, and blessedness— pleasure from play, happiness from work, and blessed- ness from God.
And so may I salute you young mothers; and I earnestly pray that you may find that joy which comes through enriched living; also that continued pleasure, happiness, and blessedness will be with you always.
The Legacy
( Continued from page 362 ■
Now, as the fiddles gaily swung into "Old Dan Tucker," he took her hand and helped her down from the wagon. Plump little Polly, not yet caring for a courtly hand, jumped down by herself.
Melissa danced every dance and wasn't tired at all. She danced with Jared and with Mr. Strong and then with Jared again. And then, oh, womanly delight! another youth ap- proached and asked for her hand for the Virginia reel. As she do-se- doed and galloped down the center, she cast a quick glance to the side, and saw Jared leaning against one of the posts of the bowery. And he was scowling!
When they had all driven home, Jared lingered in the yard, took her arm and talked quietly for a time.
On Christmas Eve, when the Salt
Lake Valley lay deep in snow, and an occasional flickering candle in a cabin window showed where a mother was making honey candy and a father was carving belated toys, there was a tap on the barn door. Melissa opened it to see Jared standing in his great sheep- skin coat. "Come out," he whispered.
She cast an apprehensive glance at her father, sitting glumly by the fire— no Christmas foolishness for him— and quickly took her shawl from the hook by the door.
They stood in the barnyard under a winter moon that gave a dazzling brightness to the snow. "That's not enough to keep you warm," Jared said, and took her into the folds of his great coat.
"I have something for you. I didn't want anyone else to see." From his pocket he took something, felt for her finger, and slipped it on. It was a ring. Peering closer in the moonlight, she saw that it was made from an iron nail, carefully bent and
smoothed. The head of the nail made a sort of setting. It was en- graved with a heart. On the hand holding hers was another ring like it.
"It's the best I could do." With a lop-sided grin he added, "Actually, I could hardly have used anything more precious— nails, that is. Iron nails are pretty hard to come by around here."
She couldn't speak. It was too much. But she laid her head on his shoulder. "I wouldn't dare wear it," she finally said. "Pa'd lick me."
"Do you have a chain?"
"Yes."
"Then put it around your neck."
"Oh, Jared, do you think it could ever come true?"
"Of course it will," he said with manly assurance.
She shook her head. "Pa's deter- mined to go to California. I'll have to go, too. And I'll never see you again." She was crying softly. "It's like a story I heard once, about a boy (Continued on page 400)
398
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
OAKLAND TEMPLE Architectural Woodwork and Furniture by Granite Mill
GRANITES FIFTY YEARS OF
CRAFTSMANSHIP AND
MODERN FACILITIES PROVIDE
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Since more than fifty years ago, when an old-time steam engine provided power through endless belts and pulleys, Granite Mill & Fixture Company has served the Intermountain area with the finest woodworking craftsmanship. Granite was founded in 1909 by F. R. Sandberg and associates and today ranks among the largest special millwork plants in the West.
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( Continued from page 398 ) and girl named Romeo and Juliet. They couldn't get married, 'cause their folks hated each other."
"How did it end?"
"They died."
He took her hand as if to belie the possibility, and said, "Whatever hap- pens, wherever you go, someday I'll find you. Remember that."
"I'll remember."
"Someday these rings will bring us together again; and we'll be mar- ried for time and eternity."
With the first thaw, Luke Harris packed his family and belongings and headed for California. Six months later, a traveler heading East brought Jared a letter from Melissa, saying her father had become dis- couraged in the gold fields and had moved to San Francisco. There he was buying and selling parcels of land.
Jared's heart beat with excitement. He answered immediately but didn't received a reply before he was called on a mission to the Society Islands. He had two days in San
DIET DISQUIET
BY DONNA EVLETH
My meals are low in calorie count, With vitamins in the right amount, And I can boast that, best of all, There's almost no cholesterol.
But in these meals of healthful bliss There is one thing I sort of miss. Although Vm eating what I should, It doesn't really taste too good.
Francisco before his ship sailed and tried vainly in the brawling, muddy streets to find the Harris family. He was gone for three years. At the end of that time he sailed into the harbor again, lean, tanned, fully a man.
San Francisco had changed. Per- manent buildings had replaced the tents and hovels he had last seen. The streets were quiet and reason- ably clean. It was 1854. He began a search of the city, inquiring for the residence of Luke Harris. It soon became apparent that Mr. Harris was well-known. He had become wealthy not from panning gold, but from speculating in real estate and had built a home on one of San Francisco's highest hills.
400
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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The Harris mansion was of red brick, three stories high, standing raw and tall among others of its kind, the homes of the newly rich of San Francisco. His heart beating high, Jared tugged at' the door pull. An Irish maid answered the door.
"Miss Harris? Miss Melissa Har- ris?" The maid looked astonished. "I'm sorry, sir, but she's dead."
Kenneth Ives, 26 years old in the spring of 1964, stood waiting for the train. His mother kissed him— for the fourth time. "Now, Kenny, dear, take care of yourself!"
"I will, Mother," he said patiently —for the fourth time, and grinned to himself. Mothers! She had said the same thing when he went away to college, and when he went on his mission, and when he went into the Army, and now—.
"Mother," his sister Betsy said, "Kenneth isn't exactly a child. After all, he is going to do graduate work at the University of California."
"I know," his mother sighed, "but somehow, Kenny, I never seem to get used to your going away."
"What you need, Kenneth," his father boomed, "is to settle down and get married."
He was getting a little tired of this oft-repeated advice. Ever since his unhappy love for Mary Bitton, who had refused to wait through his mis- sion and time in the service, Kenneth had eschewed women.
Now Betsy took him by the arm. "The train won't be here for a little while. Come into the station with me."
He followed, puzzled. "I haven't had a chance," she continued, "to talk to you alone. I want to give you something. Now please don't laugh, but I've had the strongest feeling I ought to do this."
Betsy was always getting strong feelings. It was a family joke. But occasionally her hunches paid off, so Kenneth forced himself not to smile.
"I want you to take this with you," she said, and put a little package in his hand.
He unwrapped it. "Oh, for good- ness' sakes, Bets! A good luck charm?"
"No. It's the ring Mother gave me, the one that was passed down in the family to her. Surely you know the story?"
"Vaguely."
"Well, this ring was made by Great-Great- Uncle Jared Strong,
when he fell in love with a girl passing through Salt Lake City. He made a ring for her, too, and they pledged their undying love." Betsy was warming up to her subject. "But before he could find her, she died. And Uncle Jared never married."
"So?"
"There's a story in the family that someday those rings will come to- gether again. That's why it was kept and handed down. Now, look, you're going to San Francisco. I'd
WESTERN SPRINGTIME BY ANNA M. PRIESTLEY
A summer drouth had laid its fevered hand On every bud and blossom, stem and leaf; The threat of fire hung over all the land, And autumn promised only added grief. Then winter came to veil the suns hot face And set life stirring in the preg- nant earth. Long dormant seeds awoke by win- ter's grace And at spring's bidding shortly came to birth.
These hills that lately were so brown and sere Have known the gracious benison of rain,
And blackened earth, the proof that fire teas here,
That swept down from the moun- tain to the plain,
Is now a field where golden poppies nod,
Inscribing tender messages from God.
like awfully if you'd try to find that other ring."
"My dear girl, I am not going to have time for that kind of foolish- ness, even if the other— 'ring'— still exists."
"Oh, Kenneth, don't you have any romance in your soul? Anyway, please take the ring, and if you ever get a chance, try, huh?"
Beluctantly he put it in his pocket. "Women! Sentimental foolishness!" But he grinned as he pecked her on the cheek, sprinted out of the station, kissed his mother, shook hands with his father; and climbed aboard
his train.
As the miles passed under him, he found himself thinking, "Is there really a girl somewhere I could love?" The memory of Mary Bitton still hurt.
In San Francisco, he found an apartment that was walking distance from a bus that took him to Berkeley every day. He was soon up to his ears in study. Nuclear research was what he intended to pursue— the pure, white light of science. He found a young man to share the apartment.
Terrance Polver suited Kenneth exactly. He was shy, owlish, earnest, did not go out on dates but spent his days and nights studying. He cleaned the apartment, and Kenneth did the cooking. They got along fine.
One Saturday afternoon, as they shopped for their week's groceries, they were watched with amusement by an attractive young woman in the uniform of an airline stewardess. "Tonight," she heard the tall, dark one say grandly, "we are going to celebrate— the end of term tests! I'm going to cook something special, Polver, old man! Chicken Tetrazzini."
The short one looked doubtful. "Have you ever made it before?"
"No, but what's to learn? You haven't suffered so far, have you?" And Kenneth went whistling off in search of mushrooms, cream, and Parmesan cheese.
Polver was poking helplessly at chickens when Janet Moultrie ap- proached. "Here," she said kindly, "I'll help you pick out a tender one." He looked embarrassed, but accepted the help. When Kenneth returned, Janet smiled and wished them the best of luck with the chicken Tetrazzini.
A week later she met them again. "How was the chicken Tetrazzini?"
"Awful," Kenneth admitted. "I should have stuck to stew."
"Where did you learn to cook," she asked.
He smiled. He had a nice smile. "I used to be a Mormon missionary."
Janet didn't see them again for several weeks, but a thought kept nagging at her mind. "Mormons." There was something in her family history about the Mormons. She went to call on her grandfather in his house atop Nob Hill. Grand- father was very old. He must be ninety, at least. His house, with its stained glass window, its tower and cupola, was among the oldest in
402
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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San Francisco, and one of the few to survive the earthquake and fire of 1906.
She climbed the steep and breath- less flight of steps up to Grand- father's superb view out over the bay. These days he lived only on the first floor. He answered the door himself.
"Grandfather," she began, when she was seated in the old and lovely parlor, surrounded by the beautiful things he had brought from all over the world, "what is the story in our family that concerns the Mormons?"
The old man cleared his throat. "Well, my dear, when my mother was twelve-years-old, she and her family passed through Salt Lake City, on their way to California. They stayed through the winter there, and her older sister Melissa fell in love with a young man of the Mormon faith. They parted and never saw each other again. Melissa died before she was twenty. She had always been delicate but my mother believed that she died of a broken heart. Before she passed away, she confided her feelings to her sister Polly— my mother— and placed in her keeping a remembrance that the young man had given her— a ring made from an iron nail— certainly nothing of monetary value. But Melissa was so insistent that she keep it, and preserve it, that my mother made her a solemn promise that she would do so."
"Where is the ring now?" Janet asked eagerly.
Her grandfather waved his hand vaguely. He was old and much talking exhausted him. "Somewhere among my things."
But Janet persisted. "What does it look like, Grandfather, the ring?"
He closed his eyes and leaned back in his chair. "Very crude, as I remember: bent by hand, the edges roughly filed off, with a heart design scratched on it. Mother had many beautiful jewels. Grandfather was a wealthy man, and she married well. But with all the beautiful things she had, Mother kept that old ring." He opened his eyes and smiled. "If the story intrigues you, my dear, you are welcome to the trinket. I'll get it out for you, some- time—," he sighed, "sometime when I am feeling stronger."
The ring, of course, meant nothing to Grandfather. He had collected priceless things from all over the world. But Janet left the house
feeling curiously excited.
The next week, on the familiar flight from Chicago back to San Francisco, Janet paid particular at- tention to the terrain over which she was passing. The co-pilot nudged her, grinning. "Haven't you seen this mess of landscape often enough?"
She shrugged, smiled, and con- tinued to watch. When she saw the Wasatch Range rising ahead, and very soon after, the Salt Lake Valley —the orderly pattern of the city, the temple spires pointing to heaven, and the peculiar shape of the lake from the air, she felt a strange tug at her heart, as though forces were
A SCENTED TIME
BY LOUISE DARCY
A clothesline stretched between two
apple trees When blossoms pink and white are
in full bloom Makes hanging out the wash a
scented time, As daily spring weaves patterns on
her loom.
With expectation I bring out the clothes,
Knowing that petaled beauty waits for me.
How lovely is this fragrant, spring- time hour
When burgeoning adorns each apple tree!
working upon her that she didn't yet understand.
Doing her usual shopping on Sat- urday, she saw Kenneth again push- ing his cart around the store. "What!" she said. "Do you mean you've descended to macaroni and wieners?"
"Finances," he explained. "It's all we can afford this week."
"Look," Janet said, with a sudden friendly impulse. "Why don't you and your friend come up and have dinner with us tonight, my room- mate and me? It won't be chicken Tetrazzini, but I make a dazzling meat ball."
Kenneth accepted. Polver suffered agonies of embarrassment upon be- ing introduced to the roommate, sat down to the meal like a condemned man, but ended by enjoying himself. Kenneth found the evening enjoy- able, too, more enjoyable than he wanted to admit. He found him-
404
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
self thinking about Janet during the week.
"This will never do," he told him- self in the mirror. 'Tom are dedi- cated to science. Firm up, boy!"
But it seemed like the only gen- tlemanly thing to do to return her invitation. So he asked her out to a movie. Afterwards, they stood in the hall for half an hour, talking. Kenneth told her about his family, his mission, and his religion. Janet consented to go to church with him the following Sunday.
Kenneth was studying on a Satur- day afternoon when a telephone call came that upset him greatly. It was from his mother. His father had fallen and broken his leg— severely. Kenneth must come home at once. Well, that was that, the end of his pursuit of science. He would have to run the farm until his father was up and about again.
When he called for Janet the next morning for church, she met him at the door wearing a soft pink suit and a little flowered hat. She looked so different, not wearing her usual dark blue uniform, so soft somehow, that his heart turned over. He sternly put it back in its place, tell- ing himself that he must do the practical thing.
He waited until he had brought her home to tell her that he was leaving. He stood before her door, absently jingling the coins in his pocket, as he told her good-bye. As he extended his hand to take hers in a warm farewell, she gave a start of amazement. "Where," she cried, "did you get that ring?"
He looked down, equally surprised that he had absently slipped it on his finger. "Why, it's an old keep- sake my sister gave me. It's been handed down in the family for generations. There is supposed to be another one like it somewhere."
Janet put her head against the door frame, and the sounds that came past her shaking shoulders made him think, with distress, that she was crying. What on earth had he said? Then she looked up, and tears of laughter were pouring down her cheeks. "It's absolutely mar- velous! I never thought anything like this could happen."
He turned, hurt and astounded, and quickly left. What did she mean, it was "marvelous"? Was she glad he was going?
Janet, slightly wild with surprise and joy, ran to the telephone.
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"Grandfather? I have to talk to you. I'd like to have that ring. Right now, please! I have to have it. You see, I've found the mate to it! It can't wait. Grandfather, he's leaving town. Please may I come out and get it now?"
She hung up the phone and quickly dialed for a cab.
The next day Kenneth was pack- ing when the phone rang. "Kenneth? This is Janet." His heart gave a lurch. He had thought it was all over. "I'd like to see you once more, before you go. It's— about a point of scripture." Her voice sounded pe- culiar, almost as though she were stifling a laugh. "Could you meet me in the park?"
"Well, I guess so," he said.
Ten minutes later he saw her sit- ting primly on a park bench, her gloved hands folded in her lap.
"Now," he said, "what is this scripture you wanted clarified?"
"Well," she said, her eyes modestly on the ground, "I was reading where we are told not to lay up treasures upon earth. What would you think of a family that hoarded a treasure for more than a hundred years?"
"Well," he ran his finger around his collar, at a loss for an answer. Had she brought him out here just to ask a silly question?
"I have this treasure with me," she continued. "I hoped you could give me an answer as to its value." She pulled off her glove and to Kenneth's amazement held out her hand. He looked at her finger, then into her eyes. Slowly their hands met, the rings touched.
"I'll come back," he whispered.
"I'll wait," she answered. "There are two things that have come to mean so much to me, the true Church and you."
"I'll come back. I promise I'll come back."
BABY'S WORLD BY ETHEL JACOBSON
How high is happiness? Let it be said: From her toes to the curl On her baby head.
How wide is joy? You'll miss it a mile Unless you can measure A baby's smile.
How deep is love? What words can tell? But one small baby Knows very well.
Sportsmanship and Fair Flay ( Continued from page 365 )
on the victory peristyle, and Hill came forward and took the second place below the victor and received his silver medal. Before the third place winner was announced, Leight- ner stepped down beside Hill and removed the gold medal from around his neck and placed it on Hill. He then took the second place medal and placed it around his own neck, and literally lifted Hill to the top step of the victory stand. The crowd
at the coliseum that day gave Leight- ner the greatest ovation ever wit- nessed in Olympic history. He left the stadium second best in the 5,000 meters, but a never-to-be-forgotten champion of honor and sportsman- ship. He made a decision that the judges could not make. His in- tegrity meant more than being champion of all the world.
Young people, remember that no victories in your life will be worth the sacrificing of your honor. Sports- manship is a noble quality in man which denotes education, emotional maturity, and self-mastery. Never permit selfishness, greed, conceit,
[THE SPOKEN WORD i
A LOOK AT PLEASURE AND LEISURE
RICHARD L. EVANS
We talked last week of consistency and the letdowns of life, with an aware- ness that we all need diversion and a change of pace, but should never depart from standards of excellence or safety or consistency— or become careless in conduct. And now we would look a moment at pleasure and leisure and their place and importance. While there is need for leisure and relaxation, it is not good to have too much leisure, too many idle and unoccupied hours; for there is much too little time to do all there is to do, to learn all there is to learn, to see all there is to see, and to serve all who should be served. One thing seems certain: that life generally should be used for good and purposeful purposes, and not merely for the pursuit of pleasure. "I know no occupation in life more barren of results than the permanent seeking of pleasure," wrote A. Lawrence Lowell. "Pleasure is a by-product of doing something that is worth doing," he continued. "Therefore, do not seek pleasure as such. Pleasure comes of seeking something else. . . . The whole point of enjoying recreation is that it is not your permanent occupation. The man who is seeking pleasure as his main occupation in life never has any recreation because he never can turn to anything else."1 ". . . men should be anxiously engaged in a good cause"2 and not primarily playing— and in our need for relaxation we should not let down to the point of making the pursuit of pleasure of utmost im- portance. We should not work so hard at playing that playing becomes the primary purpose. "If you seek this or that," said Thomas a Kempis, "if you wish to be in this place or that place, to have more ease and pleasure, you will never rest or be free from care."3 Hannah More added this sentence to the subject: "A life devoted to trifles, not only takes away the inclina- tion, but the capacity for higher pursuits. . . ."4 Pleasure is not the purpose of life. Sincere happiness properly pursued may be. ". . . men are, that they might have joy"5— but it should be a joy that comes from being "engaged in a good cause"— in purposeful pursuits— and pleasure should be a by-product but not the major occupation of anyone.
1A. Lawrence Lowell, President of Harvard University, 1909-1933.
*D&C 52:27.
3Thomas a Kempis, Imitation of Christ.
4Hannah More (1745-1833), English author.
">2 Nephi 2:25.
"The Spoken Word" from Temple Square, presented over KSL and the Columbia Broadcasting System, March 15, 1964. Copyright 1964.
406
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
and dishonesty to pull you down to where your poor sportsmanship is showing.
Each year the Church sponsors many contests in athletics, dance, drama, music, etc. In each of these there must be but one winner and many losers. The Lord did not in- tend that any one should go through life a constant winner. We learn and grow by defeat as well as by victory, and we must learn to accept and benefit by both. In defeat comes the challenge to improve, to grow and rise above our weaknesses. The true battle in life is not to rise above your fellow men, but to be a champion of yourself. Your hardest opponent in life will be yourself and your