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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Bulletin 138
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE OF NORTH AMERICA
WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1926
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Bulletin 138
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE OF NORTH AMERICA
BY
MARY J. RATHBUN
Associate in Zoology, United States National Museum
WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1926
ADVERTISEMENT
The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin.
The Proceedings, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology. anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different sub- jects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes.
The Bulletin, the first of which was issued in 1875, consists of a series of separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasion- ally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, cata- logues of type-specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum.
The present work forms No. 1388 of the Bulletin series.
ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. WasuinerTon, D. C., November 8, 1926.
II
4 iage fom 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page HEC TOGUCtLO MS a. gkae Lee Ae ues ee ee i eee BR eee 1 Fossil stalk-eyed crustacea of the Pacific slope of North America__________ 3 Species arranged accordinpy to, ages 8 ee a ee fe 5 INGE WSC CLCS tem ines ON eR ENE 2s Fe pl ne aie a nes oe dn Se es Seed ae a 7 PS SWreAR ARNE ihc, Pe eel Ryd Sp Seg ee ree i eh OF oan ae Lo 8 Re wa emis. ik eed a ed oo 8 co eee ea be ere ME 2 sk 5 8 Species whose nearest relatives now live in similar latitudes________ hs wd 8 Species whose nearest relatives now live in lower latitudes_____________- 9 MCHORAN NOURI CDLUC tet GU i oe ks oe a le eo 9 Recent genera not. before recorded. as fossil... -up-4- -.4aebbqeedh-_---- 10 Localities in geographical order with the species found at each__________ 11 PRE ESIILULC! Hshamet ee ee nu Ree ae Sie lS De nk Ss te ae) 22 Oed CER CCA Od A arere rere oem me ene ete See Ee ae 22, Binibewona chy Ura saat ope eke neon at A eee ge Tee ga eS ee 22 Sattler ac hy canes tines eet tes ee ec ae a gag pee 22 PEC rE EULA eV MICA es csp tee ee Ne ag ae 22 Risin vaslVEa Tae sees eee ey coe eal ey te) ei ito we Ee Le Ae ak Pager 9 2 eh 22 CenuspiyroOnlal nee se ae ans ue ee tpn, eae eee eee = 22 By LOmalasUMbercula tas se: a.) = eke vee th rp ee 22 MEPOTUNS EIO CEU SiS iy Se Se a a a es ae 23 IRNee rian prOGUCtas 62 hola oak ee ee ea 23 TL EAD eae eee coflp poe Tue ayn, BEN eee Deere rte ed EN 23 GS Caitse seas ee eae RA Ae esueg a Uke ee Ne a en Weg 24 SC YLARE CUIbIGRO MS my ae mans Sen aces goo eee ee 24 Cenusploxoninyim chistes ei ie a ee 24 hoxorhyare lis) ora Cis see apes es ne yuk cg Leen a 24 itoxorhy nchusierispatus. 3-6 ee ee 25 Genus Chorbiatiet engl) eaeape 0 oo 25 @Ronllawispeclens = ese Ss co. So ae emg rel En gow er 25 Cpeetanies RINE TNL Note xy 2 WN The) oe ey See acca an a ae ata 26 PDIP SELON eo 9 a er es ped eran (es 2 26 PamilvesPar chen Opi cd ae meee smete eM ay cps ee eee eps ws oh one OR ee 26 Genius: Mesorioe smi a eins os cece aes ei Cnn to eA 26 VBesOr Generale ee ile ta ly Spee is Le Wsees eee 1d Sap 27 Genus PHeLCrOCry UAT so ee array res. Beh! eh SUN 28 eterocry pita oceldentalic = a= 5 -- e 28 Paper amilvyDraciy Praying teeta cts so titer ce i a ee Wet eee waren ae 29 PM EV POGIGKE 22 Li er Noe ere eaer nei cea peo ayaa eae ee 29 RETIN OIC) e ee a rere eee ne eee a ep ee AE sae 29 Wicaolchr oy ita ee ees a pe 2 et eae ays oe eae a 29 | SEE ETT D3} 1) {PRR pl ofS: gh A SAN A aR WH IC he 30: CHIB UAT CUAGO DUBS = siete eye a tice SR Ce Ree me Te nates a 31 VEC UAPOMMS AULO RDS DUNS co 8 claps a cee epee ae eg em al 31
IV TABLE OF CONTENTS
Superfamily Brachyrhyncha—Continued. Page amily Grapsidae™ 2: 52 ees Sse Sahn Seek seh ea ete sek ee 32 Gents Hem gra PSUs se eee ae heya os 0a eee ie Ae a Dee Dares oe eee 32 Hemigrapsus~ SPCCles = sae eas em eed Feces 32
UES 2 et whe ee ey 33
OFEPONENSIS em Sat ay ene ee ees oe 33
Family Pinnotheridsetso 200 soo 2 ee = sh ee ee eee ae ee 34 Gens eB rar sai Se ee pe Se a 34 PINNixa ;COCCNICHL ee Hes ee eG SOE Ro ek Beto eee ics Sa ees 34 Family-Goneplacidat 2) -=12 2522222355 22552423223522022- es 35 Genus Plagiolophust! ] 30 (41s2 Bes a BE Be ee EN ee ae 35 Plagiolophus: weaveri 2. 52252-2530 6 Ss 0098 HOS Ere | 35 VAaNCOuVerenSIS: 522/25 se2 9a Sea 37
Genus Pilumnoplax:s: 5222225 2525222 542 Seo se ee 37 Pilumnoplax:carmanahensis= 4 = 4)5 = 724 ene ae 38 hannibalants [2 22s eee la ae eae 39
soledadetisis’® 22220 VIE Oa Eines a wea EOE Ls 41
Genus ‘Branchioplax « ¢ 2-0-5928 yap ed 25 he 42 Branchioplax:washingtonianas= 2 eer ea) oe ae eae 42
Genus! weratess 22 RIN Tee Se STE AM RTA ee ee eee 44 sucratenmartints > 7" 420) Ss ees Peete ees ee Se eee 44
Genus Coelonin 2 25s so ae eee We eat ee 45 Coclomannartinezensiss= 2 S22 Fe Eres ye a ee ee 46
Family! Xenthidaes s3i2 22 ogee) sess ss a eee 47 GenusiZanthio psis ses aie et oe nee ee OS Re eee ee eee 47 Zanthopsis Vulgaris. 052 ee as en a ee eee 48 hendersoniagnusy soo te eee eee eee meee a 53
Fal el gd O{e) 24 Napier apace Ghai Lili Cae he hedeee ete SES EME ate 54
Gepus dophopanepenss.! a2 542 a4 ise ea es ee ee ee 55 Lophopanopeus idiegensist = s- = 22 2e ee eee e ms 56 JEWUCONTANC SS = ss sen see ene ee SC eter ey eee 56
lockinetonl. 2 Sees e aa Sees ees ee 57
OLGA IS wet ea 2 2 ake naan ha oe ere een eee 57
Génus 'Cycloxanthops:2 202542 Ae ean Sea ee eee ae eee 58 Cyecloxanthops novemdentatuss—- 2 323 Sela ee a 58
Family Cancridaes sansa ite 2 3 es ee ee eae eee eae 59 Genus Canéer 2 a ones ste ae ee ee eee ee ee ee ees 59 Cancer gabbic ceca. sao Ae eee ee ee ee 59 Dainbridgensist 2 eo te Pens eee ee 60
ISSUS er cee tar A Pe Cr ee eo 60
ULOANUS 202552 Pere Se ee a Ee as ee eens ree 61
PEOCUCHIS Santo 2 Wn eS te ee oe ee anemia 62
ROT TAS Tee a ean aaa ee re ele eee heen ee caren ene 63
antMOmyds Ao ese ee ee ee ee ee eee 64
TOUS ae te eae eee ee eens eee ee 64
TAC IS LOT yore eS se ee ee tee Ce eee ee 64
Bracwisnes 226 VSI eer ate eas ea ee ee 65
Genuse Brame hi ol svrva pore eee tee 65
ES renr CO ley rva bo recs irekl tes ee es ea saree ra 65 HamilyPortbunidae soo sete a oe eee es ee eee ee 66 Genus Carcinides 2 5 225 22a eee ee a ae ner ae nee 66
66
CRT CITI CSS ATTL I OTe cee aes ees terete
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Tribe Brachyura—Continued. Superfamily Brachyrhyncha—Continued. Family Portunidae—Continued.
GenustPortunitese-..55 sss 5255552222 Sa eee _ < Rortunitesstriangulumeoo 2 oe ie Seo INSCUlD tas eI eerie oN oss alas GnISIS esse a a eee age Hguel snitret sos SS Genus Ore UNUS es ee eae a lp ance aya ar ep py ty ee WS 8 YS iRortunius Ce Ortunus): xXanmbuslia= alee 2 SU eS eee Genus: Callinectes: 22-22 4 pee ee Be UAC ay geal die oR LS Gallinectesswelli cOsusmes tessa aly geese yh yam) AIS ee Rptribe Oxy BtOma ba fi sot ieee ew a ae a ee er Plaraly Wee OS i ae Sele ee ee ah gg aga eye a Genusshand alia ces oss eee ae pure gale ean tpg orem ane ea Rana clei Orr ab ie a Oy ed beekeeper DIlGIBLOCEDICR. oe. oy a pee le ee eit ETSTIMISO GC ESC SGI ee ce eee ye ee data aS meee aoc re
iRersephonaeblgrant lavas. oe eee. eee ae Dene ,
TEESE aa Seba sc) be Ce eel ts lo Me la RD uP ae ne
erie © ala apa ere eo eae ernie ieee Les Te SRN an aye Calappa;lancnsis) S70 PU PAG Ooo. es ese
Genus Miursians = 3 ere OL Gai oS Na ee ee Sees
Mursia yaquinensig=-enowiiiwos., 0 ee eke
MALCUSAN a). ano yi eS ee ee ee eee
Genus, Hepatus, oso siemery e eS oe ee eS
Hepatns lines tus -atenaeabaad 8 S22 ets ose
Genus Necrocarcinus 2. Sean settee Pa ee ee Necrocarcinus hannaés=-ysseeq 2) eee ee
SUL Dem DLOMMACCAwS.5 apne tell epee OE UL Sean fee Jo ee BeBerianiyeromuolicdedie si. 08 oe me eee el LUE eek eee Panay pbeligmaolidiac sic 6 na ae ge ee Genussiomolopsisn ese ee eae nee ee Deal ee
Eomolopsis richardson. <2 22 2 oo 8s i a ee Genustealehomolavcie ss sclera whee See pe Ee
Palehomola gorrelli_________ SAAS RENE Tas a eS
Bperiniiily poronmidensiies cea oto. wus eh Set ae a oS amity Dromilldae yee ia reget en ie or ey ae eke
Gents Grapiocarcimus = 200 Sus SS PSR pete ere tas eae Graplocarcinus() species. ooo ae ese eee oe
SUT E ASV OSG CPR Gee et] ETE ca etcetera ag ede ne A TS HamibyekianinniG aes te + ero tena eae een Men eee LE ee
Genus Ranima’ s-seb Le EO Dive PE 0
Ranina tejoniang <--> JOOUR BW SIUGOmk no 2 oS L
INICT CAN Sere oS a er ee aes RPE BS
GenuseRaninoides® fou 2eOue 22 ee ree Pore rem Po ee
Raninoides vaderensis= +92 7tan 5) eisaeaies | ee
lewisanus: 32.0.4 “abreast eee) eae
dickersoni.14 ord item bee et
Washburmeiejseee £61 seve 2 ee
eugenensis: =.=) 4 bee keh ater e oe
Pulgiduge 2] 4pm tee bee de pS Ns
Genusitenidimn asec. Oho oc Cees SU gee eee Se Ranidinaiwaillapensis. 222% 22s Se eh les yes ee ee 2 Genus *Humorphocorystes. 22 = ee ee ee Eumorphocorystes naselensis.____ _______._________-_ Genie IUAINCOCOLY StS. 2) oe oe pee tn oe RAL Ae OCOGY SLES DST Ve Val ees ee eee en ee
Vi TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Avibe Amomuras 2 Mes oso Sh ee a a PI eee a cee 101 superfamily ‘Pacuridesce 2 wit csse nit yon ee etre ee soe REE Se 101 Family Pacuridaetss sies Po USE pee yep ey 101
Genus ‘Paguristes= = 2. | Septem eee casei 101
Paguristes) species: 3.32 2) aagey leisy: ee See 102
Genus. Dardanusi-522" 2505 oe airendineies 2 See or Ses eee 102
Dardanus' subaequalis__... 5... Baie tT Sri) 102
arnoldi_ iuianx wiles) anoiio se, — oo 103
Genus Pagurus__________= Oe 2 OT RTI 105
Pagurus: granosimanus ees a ee 105 Superfamily~Pialassinidea =" o=-- ee R 105 amily Catlins see ss Sa eee er ee 105
Gents Callitnassa 2 Sty oo te oe ee eee ee 105
Callianasss: ‘whiteayesily 5s 2-25 ene es ee 107
SULTS OU oe oe se ies ae a 107
AT COTE Sry ae ee Meee alee ep a agers oT eh SU 108
Kewanee oS ee Ce ia os alee pea Rots 109
PTESTIORNSIS# 2 een ae ee ae ee eae ee 109
UM PCUACNSIS!S etches eae ee 110
knapptonensis :_ 22" paeees Ea a ee 112 COwlitzensis:sioq5sprea se pie des OE ee 113
clallamensis: segripaiy US 114
itwinensis= 3.52... See TE prays SS 115
bandonensis > 3haHiwd an ipashs 2 2 118
porterensis)._ a riers Birei 119
oreronensistiihth AGIOS mg re 121
longimana 2s = Se A 122
stephensi=s 24482 22> ks BR DUORG ORE NINE 122
Genus Upopebial so poe ri ein Re eee 124 Upogebia*CUpogebia)seocenicas 222 e ae ae 124
superfamily ip pided «6-7 a 7 ees eiiew chen eee mere ate eg ee eee ees tea seme ee 126 RMamily>Albuneidse tae ase ees ere ee een oan eee eo ere Se 126
Genus Blepharipodat 22 Ser ee ee ee ee eee ee ae ee 126 Diepharipeda Hrucel sh sae Vso Se Lee we ee ee 126
PELVIS AS UACTREG 2 Wl | ies ewedin 2 50 Payee une ae ECE SCA LLa Neh aie Seat ee ee 127 Marino ber yarn al ie raises ae aap ore Ang eS a) a et ee ck natn ae W227
Genus Hirymas-ce 46h ke ee eee es ee ee ee 127
Eryma dawsoni'= 227 go Von eos ere ee eas ae 128 Genus-Rnoplocly tase. 4.60 02 eee ee ee ee eee 128
Hnoploclhytia amin ors = iene See ee ee 128
Hamily ‘Astaciae 82 2 as nee So! ee eee te 128
Genus. Meyeriaw 2.2 ee tee OE yet 128
Meyeria \(?7) harveyi. <sictrryahis'e Lubsbere Po 129
Genus Heplopanasas3. 2) aipqenoab oe eee 129 Hoplopariasbennetti. 1gossamasts 2 2 oe eee 129
Hoploparia (?)-speciesuriitiiere oe 129
Genus: Astacusls: 25 ahaa gE Ot cles Ts os SER ena 130 Astacus/chenoderma- iene ee eee 130
Tribe ‘Palimurat soe 5 232s Pe Se a SIN ee 133 Buperfamily Glypherdea: =.) 29“. Seti ate A), GERRY > Loo 133 Family iGl yp hed acces ase ee en AER ENE eee ley e eae eae 133
Genius! Gly pie a 2 ee ee a ee et PT A oe 133
Gly plea} ‘species oe at ens en nae meres ane ee 134
TABLE OF CONTENTS
‘Tribe Palinura—Continued.
SuperamilySCvularidens sesh oe ose bl oS TN iamlvatalinun dae we ae ee oss ee ee eee eet (Genus EOOUCEADUS a2 coo fue ee el Se
order StOmatOnogas <7 ee eee ate SR Hamiulys@ hloridellid get set ede al eae
Genus: Chilorrdelila) ase tea es ae Se ee Chioridella;sonomange 222 se 5 ese. - ene
Gens ilseadosq will ass. piss) Sue a iw ea Sey oh Pseudosquilla adelaidensis.__=_.......__.__-
Br acre tren gs nyse ce pa te Ve nS OES Ree Oe 2 HUAN AION OF Diates so 2 ee Oe ee ee! Pe PATGUGL NGL VEDI ete eco eens oe cy At ay Sea ING ee oie RP aT Oy iB sprays aT Cla Cayetano an a eee ee eRe
Genus, VACroCnelra. oe cen sua me See atin nea
VII
Page 134 134 134 134 135 135 135 135 136 137 137 138 140 148 148 148 148 151
we ie Pe ae
iets
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE OF NORTH AMERICA
By Mary J. Rarusun
Asseciate in Zoology, United States National Museum
INTRODUCTION
Some years ago Prof. Bruce L. Clark, of the University of Cali- fornia, sent me for study a collection of Oligocene crabs obtained in Washington and Vancouver Island by Harold Hannibal for Stan- ford University. The material proved so interesting that an effort was made to gather together all the fossil decapod Crustacea from the Pacific slope which were scattered in museums and in private collections.
Among the contributors besides the University of California were the following: The University of Oregon, through Dr. Earl L. Packard; the University of Washington, through Dr. Charles E. Weaver and Dr. Katherine Van Winkle Palmer; the California Academy of Sciences, through Dr. B. W. Evermann and Dr. G. Dallas Hanna; Stanford University, through Mrs. Ida S. Oldroyd; the San Diego Society of Natural History, through Mrs. Kate Stephens; the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, through Dr. H. A. Pilsbry; the Yale University Museum, through Dr. Charles Schuchert; the Provincial Museum, Victoria, B. C., through F. Kermode and Dr. C. F. Newcombe; T. S. Oldroyd, Palo Alto, California; Dr. F. C. Clark, Santa Monica, California; Marcus A. Hanna, University of Washington; Oscar Gorrell, principal of the public schools, Sutherlin, Oregon; and R. H. Palmer, Palo Alto, California.
The collections in the National Museum also were placed at my disposal. These consist chiefly of material transferred by the United States Geological Survey, and obtained by Chester W. Wash- burne and other geologists, among them Dr. J. C. Schenk, Dr. Ralph Arnold, Robert Anderson, Dr. J. S. Diller, H. J. Karstner, Dr. G. C. Martin, and Dr. L. F. Noble. Other contributors to the museum collection are C. R. Orcutt and Frank Stephens.
Aside from the work done by Woodward and Whiteaves on the British Columbia Cretaceous, very little has been written about the fossil Crustacea of the Pacific slope. (See Bibliography, pp. 138-140.)
1 3020—26——2
2 BULLETIN 1388, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Therefore it is not surprising that the accumulated material yielded 91 species, of which 54 are described as new. In order to make this report complete for the region involved, those species de- scribed by Woodward, Whiteaves, and Gabb have been included in the list. This brings the total number of known species for the West Coast up to 105. The area covered extends from the oil fields of Alaska (Controller Bay region) to the northern part of Lower California, and embraces the Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Pleistocene.
Fossil remains of Crustacea are rare. Their shells are so fragile that they are easily destroyed. Only the hardest parts, such as the chelae, the terminal articles of the walking iegs, and less often the sternum are ordinarily preserved. Entire specimens of the body with attached appendages are seldom found except singly in the in- terior of concretions.
To such concretions is due the preservation of more than 200 specimens of Zanthopsis vulgaris. This appears to have been the common crab of the Oligocene in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon, and has no counterpart at the present day. The aver- age size varies from about 11% to 2 inches across the back and in one case reaches 3 inches. The largest nodule measures 19 centimeters in its greatest diameter and weighs 1114 pounds. The species forms a third of the bulk of Pacific material examined.
The next most abundant species represented is a fresh-water crayfish from eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho, Astacus chenoderma. A mass of material from the Yale Museum demon- strates the identity of this species with A. breviforceps Cope, which was founded on the smaller of a pair of asymmetrical chelae.
Worthy of note is the prevalence of members of the family Raninidae beginning with the Eocene. The family is not now living on the west coast of America north of Mexico.
Two species of Stomatopoda are here described, the first to be found fossil in America.
In the several lists which follow are given not only the new dis- coveries and the extent of the relationships of the various species but also a summary of their geologic occurrence. The manuscript was submitted to Prof. Bruce L. Clark and Miss Nellie M. Tegland, research assistant in paleontology at the University of California, who have corrected the horizons according to the latest researches. in spite of the number of species it is to be regretted that the paucity of material makes it impossible to draw any broad general conclusions.
In order to render this paper of the greatest possible use to in- terested workers, brief characterizations of the major groups have been introduced.
For full data regarding the various specimens, see under list of localities, pages 11 to 22.
FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE OF NORTH
AMERICA
Pyromaia tuberculaia Lockington_-~--~~--~-- YE. Sats ays migena proaucia., (Randall) == 222 e a ee ee See PERERA DC DENCY eS Se eee et SCURG ACLiproOns Wanda. = 2a nee yee - Hoxrorhynchus. grandis Stimpson———-_____-_ = eee ee Lecorhynchus crispatus Stimpson_—----—-— = Ghovitia. species) Rathbun -_ 22-222 eee aes oe Eibinia. setosa, Lockington_--_--__-__--____® ao ee TE. Rabe MMesorhoed.ida@e, new SpecieS__.-—— — sie bag pees See — Heterocrypta occidentalis (Dana) _——---—-«s4s2st ashes B WicewOlarOudl New SNecies=- — = hae eee av, WO NOMUNT.. NEW SPeCleS. 3222 oe ee Archaeopus antennatus Rathbun__________ nga Sepp’: ays eiee 2b. Hemigrapsus, species, Rathbun__-__-__-~ Sere pein pepe 2 HE MAGKEDSUS NILOUS.. (Oana) 2 a= Se Se Sen
Hemigrapsus oregonensis (Dana} Pinniza eocenica, new species Piagiolophus weaveri, new species Plagiolophus vancouverensis Woodward
Branchioplax washingtoniana Rathbun Eucrate martini, new species Ooeloma martinezensis, new species
Zenthopsis hendersonianus, new species
Lophopanopeus leucomanus (Lockington)
Lophopanopeus olearis, new species
Pilumnoplax carmanahensis, new species_____-_----_-_--_--__- Pilumnoplar hannibalanus, new species_____---_----- Pilumnoplax soledadensis, new species________-__-_______-
MONLRODStS DULGATIS, New SPecieS_— 2s. — ta eee
Zanthopsis sternbergi, new species_—______________..-_-_=__ Lophopanopeus diegensis Rathbun_____-_-_________________
Lophopanopeus lockingtont Rathbun__-----_~---_-----_--__
Cyclozanthops novemdentatus (Lockington) —~----------____ WanCerAg LOU eNEWr SPCClGS =e =a ee see a Oancer bainbridgensis, new species____________-__».=/=-=__- GANCCTMILSSILSwoly a tM Ue ee ee eae ee ee ee Giuncer minDUnUs wabnbUne= 2 Soe Pa ee ee GAN CEL ADTO CUCU SE ERAT Oa ee Gancer branneri. new Species. —— == = == ee Cancersdntihnony? Watnbune = ee aoe ee ee Gane iON RACH UN ee ee ee OONCET UA GISLE TMD ST ae ee MOCOTI OR ILCULIS NAN ats te es te SA Se EON ChiOLamorius aliws, Rathbun. - 2-4-2 ee
25 25 26
4 BULLETIN 1388, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Carcinides minor, new species____
Portunites triangulum, new species Portunites insculpta, new species
Portunites alaskensis, new species
Poriunus (Portunus) xantusii (Stimpson)
Callinectes
bellicosus (Stimpson) _—
Randallia ornata (Randall) _—___ Rendallia pleistocenica, new species.________ 22222 25.2 2 3 sk Persephone vigranulata, new species. _—- Slew eae
Calappa lanensis, new species
Miursia-yaquinensis, new specieS_22 2+. — = == 2 ee ee eee Mursia: marcusana, new species= - = — =. a eee Sees Hepatus lineatus Rathbun___----~- Wecrocarcinus hannaenewuspecies_- = 222 ee eee a ne Homolopsis richardson. Woodward=222--2> eee es Palehomola gorrelli, new genus and species-_----- ==) 9 Graptocarcinus (?), species, Rathbuni- 2) tee ete eee ee BANG tej Oniand. new “Speclese i= ae ae See ee ee ee ee eee Ranina americana. Witherse 222s e0 68 Sis Se ae ee ae ane Raninoides vaderensis, new species_-.----. ---8b2 Use
Raninoides Raninoides Raninoides Raninoides Raninoides Raninoides
Ranidina willapensis, new species
lewisanus, new species dickersoni, new specie
Ss2e2e ee ee tases sae eels Sess eee
washburnei; New, Speciesi=. 2. = Jt eae eee a
eugenensis, new specie fulgidus, new species— asper, new species___-_
Sa ee a ee
Eumorphocorystes naselensis, new species_______1________ {= PULACOCOTYSLESe NATVEYE SWOOGWaAT Ga sega ERE oe SANSA ai
Paguristes,
species, Rathbun______
Dardanis subaequatis, new ‘species=2—_ > = = ee eee Dardanus arnoldi, new species___-_
Pagurus granosimanus (Stimpson)
Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Cailianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa Callianassa
whiteavesii Woodward stimpsonii Gabb______ incerta, new species__ kewana, new species__
UMDQUAENSTS. NE WA SPECIES asec ee eT ee ON ne eer eee knapplonensiss News SPCClesaes tae ee eee ee eee ee COWLILZENSISS NEW, SPeCClCS ans eres ee ee
clallamensis Withers__ twinensis, new species
CONAONENSISNEWrSDECLES ee as eee nes eee Oe ee DOTTETENSTSS TC Ws SPCCLES Sat eran a ates TON EE Een Stab eee
oregonensis Dana____ longimana Stimpson__ stephensi, new species
Upogebia (Upogebia) eocenica, new specieS__==- = 22 == Blepharipoda brucei, new species__ Eryma dawsoni Woodward_______ Enoploclytia minor Woodward____
101 102 102 103 105 107 107 108 109 109 110 2 113 114 115 118 119 121 122 122 124 126 128 128
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA oO
Page
NH ORGAN | OGHEIE OF NS MOONE Wes C= aa ee eee 129 TLODLODOLIC; UENNCTLIANVOOU WAT Gs =n a a Ee 129 FAONLODUTIG Ass) sp SDECIES (Gre) ea ee ete eS 129 ESE LGUSICILGILO CCT OD Crea mete eee ee ee a a are SES 130 (CHAN FY ORCAS) WSO CESSIMUAN YO I F151 StS te Rg el a oe al ec ele AC ole el A LS 134 Hodocratas canadensis (Whiteaves) ———-- > 2 Ee ees 134 Podocratus vancouverensis (Whiteaves) 2000 0 ee 135 Chiloridetla sonomana; new species. i ny 136 Pseudosquilla adelaidensis, new species___________-_-_-_-_- > 137
SPECIES ARRANGED ACCORDING TO AGE*
CRETACEOUS
AOLECODUSTaNteEnnarws Wath bUN Ses eee Soe ei ae 31 Plagiolophus vancouverensis Woodward______-_-__ 4 37 WEnthGpSisasterinvergt. New. Species=~ a Eas oy ea 54 HOmMoLopsis: Tichardsont- Woodward. EE UUs RON 15 3 4. Seay aS 86 Callianassa, whiteavesit- Woodward ON Se 107 (ComCalliianassaxstunpsonii Gabbe eae ae ee sed ee 107 YIN CPO CUS ONT WiO OG WaT ase a on EE EE a 128 HINODLOCIY A= MUNOT OW OOGW Al Gass o se ge ITI EE SRS BY 128 Meyeria ? harveyi Woodward__________-____ COATS WOE PRY OIE 129 Hoplopariavennetit-W ood ward a Ss EIN SPARS OCEAN 129 PonlOonania 72)“ species: (Gabby ee Ed YR ES 129 Gluyphearespecies:— Wihitea vies a te oe ae EEE ORT SEAS _ ARES 134 oaocratus. canadensis: -~Whiteaves)— 2 ee ee 134 Podocratus vancouverensis (Whiteaves)_-__-___--__--- 135 EOCENE PUIG EV COCEMUCD MEW. SIC CLOG ee tee a eae en a ee 34 Plagiolophus weaveri, new species-___--___=-/--2__-______ ee eee 35 Pilumnoplar hannibaianus, new speciesuL___._________________________ 39 Pilumnoplaz soledadensis, new species___--- 222-2224) ee 41 Branchioplaz washingtoniana Rathbun___-___-- +2 22-45) 42 Coecloma .martinezensis, new. Species. set 8 es gee 46 Zanthopsis hendersonianus, new species____-------_-=+_- 4-24-22 i ee 53 Chneer: gaobi,. New. Species... =. -- Ssinees apes | ety ee ee in eae 59 CORCINIGES LINN OT nN Wi SPCCLOS = se ea Ste aE A ee 66 PORTUILULES AUTUSCULD LG sa MGW SPOClCS es se a rags Soe ee 71 WWIECrOCOTCULUS NGNNGC. NEW) SPeCleSs. 2. (se. 2 lee ae ee ee 84 PCCM tCIOR MIE INGWe SPCClOS= 22. sa Se ee ee 90 HGNInROLGES DAGeErensts, new. Species. 28 <2 2 93 EOHUROULCS MLCIDES HILLS aalOW. |SPCClCS =e ae ee eee 94 IUNROLLES AICICLSONI. MeCW, SPCClOS ee a ee 94 HP CMNOGIAES ALGSILOUTNEL,, NEW Species! 922 = 2 ee a ee 95 PArdanws | Swoaequalis, New ‘Species. 2-55 102 CA)mOalianassa.stimpsoni Gabbio=. 32 oe ee ee ea 107 Catlianassa. incerta, new species 2 2 a ee 108. Onilianassanfresnoensis; new species. =... Se 109 Callianassa wmpquaensis, new species____________________________ 110 Caltianassa- cowlitzensis,- new species.___ 2 ee ess eee es 113. Upogebia (Upogebia) eocenica, new species____________________ se 124
1Those species prefixed by a * are still living.
6 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
OLIGOCENE Fage Pilumnoplaz carmanahensis, new species__----------~----------- Pes 38 Pilumnoplaxv hannibalanus, new species_____-—------------~-.-~-~------ 39 Branchioplaw washingtoniana Rathbun____—--~-------__-----_-=2______- 42 FMLCTate: Martini, DEW SPCClES =] 2 =e ee ee ee 44 Zanthopsis vulgaris, new speciess. 22.2202 520. a ee 48 Zanthopsis hendersonianus, new species___--------—---__---______-_____ 53 Lophopanopeus olearis; New Species —- 22. ee Se ee ee 57 Gancer bainbridgensis, new Specless2 ==) ee 60 Portunites triangulum; new specieS-—=-~------ --2-—_ = = ee 68 Portunites alaskensis; (new, iSpecies-+ — = ssa es eee G2 Persephone vigranulatas new species == eS eee 78 Calappalanensis: new species= _— Okan ee eee 79 MAUNSTO YAQUINENSTS, NeW SPCCieS=2-— => = = eee 81 MRLStG MaALCUWSANGd. NeW, SPCCICS= = = 2. Oe ee 82 Palenomola-gorrelli. New SPeCles= = 3 ee 86 Graptocarcinus (2), species, Rathbun 29-24-2222 ee a 88 Raning, americana “Withers == 22 2. 52 oes ee eS 91 Raninoides washournet, new species——-. = 2 see 95 Raninoides eugenensis, new species__—__----.---- 4. 22 ee oe 96 Raninoides fulgidus, new Species. — 222 22) ee y(Q96 NINES “Speers New. Species’. =<. 2 ee 98 Ranidina willapensis, new species.___-.--_--- 4 eee ee 99 Eumorphocorystes naselensis, new species_-_---------_____________-__- 100 Gallianassa knapptonensis,. new specles==2.-- = ee eS 112 Callianassaxclallamensis “Witherss. 22 ee ee 114 Gallianassa tiwinensis,. new, Species a eee ee 115 Callianassa bandonensis, new species__-—_—---___-----~-_-_ === 118 Callianassaiporterensis, mew Species 44 Se SS 119 Calanassa oregonensis (Danae 2. ee 121 Blepharipoda brucei, new species___—----~----- A See 1s a ee 126
MIOCENE Branchiolambrus altus- Rathbun = 2-223 2 ss et ei eee See 65 Pagurisies, species,. Rathbun. 2 See Tak ie Ae ee ee a 102 (?) Callianassa oregonensis Dana 2 ——! ee ee ee ee 121 Astacus chenoderma Cope._—2-==-—=)— 2802 Sie en oe oeeret er SPER 130 Pseudosquilla adelaidensis, new species_—--—----—- 222 2405_se4L see 137
PLIOCENE WOLOTIVUNGIUS OL AILOUS) SCLIN SOI ee eee ee ee 24 UWCAOLE TOYO NEWaSPCCICS oe ea eer rt ee ee ee ee 29 TCO VOTING CW SJ COLES ae es a ee 30 Hemigrapsus.. species, "Rathbunt ses 2o2- oe ee ee ee ees 32 Cancer fissusRathbun eee ee ane ae ee eee 60 CORCET UTD ANUS RS Uhh er ee ee ene ee ee 61 Cancer productus Randall___------~- A ae ne ee ee 62 COLAGNGS8A KEWANG. NEW SPCCIGS eee ee ree et 109 AStOCUSTCRENOGETING (COD sa ee ee ee eg a ee 130 Chiloridetla: sonomana’ (?); new species2222 =" 2 Se eee eee 136
PLEISTOCENE
*Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington)_---_.---------_---__----__-____ 22
EPA CTE DUOC UCLO CARAT BID) a a ean ge 23
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA
Page MPUACEH GHG Oana oe ee = eoce ke ee 23 Ee SCT TIE m OLCUNLE (TSOUES: UE EN Nae 24 MHOLOMLUNCHUS) OANA) tM pSON] =e 24 HLOLOGLYNGULS Crispatus StmMpSON=——- —=—- = = Se ee 25 whorine. species; Rathbun. 2-22 Sate S eo 25 BETDINIG. Sselosa Locking ton= = SUS Se 26 MCS OTROCE- 126. NO WaSPeCles=—-= == ee ee ne SSIVELCTOCTHU DEG OCCLAENTAMS=s((DaANS) 22 Se 28 BVHENUNGLEpsus Nuagus- (Dana) =--— == eee 33 wHemignapsus-oregonensts, (Dana) = ae ee oe SEOnROparoperis Mmegensis. Rathbun = 222 ae eet SS 5G *Lophopanopeus leucomanus (Lockington) —~-~---~_----_+-_____----_-_- 56 PHOpnopanopeus rockingtoni Rathbun eee 57 *Cycloxanthops novemdentatus (Lockington) —--~---~---------_-_~-______- 58 EOUNGCET: PLOGUClUS HRaAnGallos”— i222 se eee ee eee eee eee 62 EO UNCCIn UnGRNETL, MEW SNCCLES = ee ee Ee 65 SCCNCELACRERONt-ka tabu = eee ee Ee Fae 64 RCC GCiw OO kath DUNS ooo eee ae 64 SS LIL GE Mas VL GUS Tp EU IN Rs d as rann Pern terdeenetcs He na Bn es 64 OL FCC IE GTC GUNES tM) UN A Nr ar ec ee eee ate 65 BPOLLUMUSACEORLUNUS) -CUNtUSii- CStIMpSOn)=2==—=—=2="e. nee 15 me CLINE CLES MUCLUICOSUS. as ELINDSOD) =e ee ee eee 75 RONG OTR ALG. ieand all) -— ae ee le: SE ee eee 76 mandala plerstocentca.. New. Species] = eee ee PEC ULILS LETUCOLC US) AER EU Mela DD UL a ee ee ey es eee 84 UT UANALS LT ILOUG.. MONS 1) CCI CS Sen re eee 103 BEAGUIUSOLAnOStMANUSa: StI pSOn) === ae 105 BO CLUGNUSSE ALONGUNANG aStiMpSON === == aes a ee ee a 22 CELUANTSSULSLCOILENST., NEW... SPCClOS= = a a eee 122,
NEW SPECIES
BELGA OT O CO ah, Cas ae ea a Pee FN SU ee ee eee ee ga 27 RETO LET O9/ 00 Yea ae oa mle Sanda ee ee te OITA es ee 29 COIN: TIDL LLG es eae teats bas et a te i Cn ae ee eee 30 OTT UC OG EITC Utara sane SE ot ee el ae SY ee CE a ee 34 ALUUSLOLO DIVUS BADE GDCT = Som en 2 ANI ee Le ea ere eee RRO 35 LRU ODLOCRCUGINGAILO CTS 1S as eee ee ee eee 38 LAMUMNODIAL: NANNLOGLONUS — = — EA 39 TLUMULODUGL ) SOLEGAMENSIS sa nate ee ee 41 PEN CHUL CLITU LIST AID emianenen it rate ates ets Se Dogs Sr tL oR arte Ma Jered or ot Cael eee 44 Cocloma; mantinezensts pe = trrigt tae yee: ON NER A Oe EE EE 46 EETELIC OD SES. CULL 98k ae cat hs EE BRPUP EE Pe Dot Fe Ne At ae EN 48 ERUILOD SUSE RENO ET SONIAIUUS eh name eee ee ee ee a Res 53 AREIUUICOD SESS CCTILOCT: () Ua ate em te cteeranstme ee eee ee A ee ees 54 ODO OMODCUSS OUCH IS ant a tee re ee ES OO oT MELE COVER CLIO Ue rete ed aca re to Sa EE 2 EP, ILERI 59 WANCC_UGIMUTIMUCNSIS= 20 ae es ees OS EE | ES 60 TUCET OTN TE nse ET OE SIS IOS MORRO 3 2) EOS 3 ROC UILLELC SETIVUILO Tee a eee een ns tse Sees 2 OE LR alee PB ee ae Oe ye eee 66 ES OSTVAL TULLE SAU ICEL TE GILL LUI D ers ae ae na ae ae Cie ee ae EL Sy ES UP 68 ORL CS = UTES CALL DU ee ee ent nee en ee ee See Aa SRE al MAOUUALIULLCS MLLOISICC TLS U8 meen rs ne ee nea RS ee ae Ee 72
8 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Randallia pleistocenica____------- ----------------------~------------- Persephona bigranulata____-_---------------------------=--------++-+-- Calappa lanensis____--_-_--_-------------------------------+----+--=- Mursia yaquinensis _-_-----------------~----------=----------------=-- PRAY SUC) TUT CLES I ee eee NECrOCUTCINUS NANNGE 222 aes pee ee se ee eee ee Palehomola gorrelli PEGNUMNGILE] ONONO = ee ee ee ee RAININOCICES OLAETENSIS 2 oe a Se ee eS eee Stee RANINOIGES lEWISONnUsSs—— oo so a ee ee eS eS ‘Raninoides dickersont —. 2222 = = SS ee Raninoides washburnei. Raninoides eugenensis Raninoides fulgidus LE ONANOULES SD CN at I TE ea SS aR ie PE eee ee RGNiIGina Iwillapensis: 2. oo 8 ee ee ee eee ee Eumorphocorystes naselensis Dardanus subaequalis Dardanus arnoldi
Cathiandssa Kewanee 22 foes ree ae te hae Pe epice es eae Gallianassa “fresnoensiss—= a 8 ey a Sain COULANGS8SA UMPUUGENSIS 222 ee a ee a ite ay Callianassa knapptonensis
Callianassa cowlitzensis
Callianassa porterensis Callianassa stephensi
IPOLENOMOLE Se oe ee and eee oe eee ete ee ye SPECIES WHOSE NEAREST RELATIVES NOW LIVE IN SIMILAR LATITUDES
EOCENE Pinniga. eocenica, new speciess) = WW =. sa ee eee Carcinides minor; new Species. 22-2222 3s eee eee Dardanus subacqualis. new species=_—- "= = 2 eee eee Upogebia (Upogebia) eocenica, new species
OLIGOCENE
Hucrate martini, new SPCCles seas ee Lophopanopeus olearis, new species__—---------------_--=--2=4===-===-
96
98
102 103 108 109 109 110 112 113 115 118 119 122 124 126 136 137
107
86
34 66 102 124
44 57
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA
MIOCENE
(pre aouristes: species whachbUNe as. a2 8 a ee MIiNtacusnciencadenma, Cope. (fresh. water) 222224. 2 iPscudosquilla iadelaidensis) new species-_—- =.
PLIGCENE
WMG fssusy hath bun] 2s sere apa esta ROR ae eee nay Ne et or ee ae Cancer aroanws cite talons sty es eer ce rea 6 eon eek ee ee = get Astacus chenoderma Cope (fresh water) ~--------__-_____--=___- =a
PLEISTOCENE
IRORULCC ee STICCLOSS robe tin Py UTI te Pe wee a lr re ni le ee RORAGUIGm DLEtStOGENICE MEW it SPCCHES 210 re ee EE
SPECIES WHOSE NEAREST RELATIVES NOW LIVE IN LOWER
LATITUDES OLIGOCENE Pilumnoplazr carmanahensis, new species______-__-__-_--__-__-_--_- ee Bersepnona vigranulata, New Species =. == pan oe COED DA ANENSTS SNe WHSDCClOS= = fsa a a a es ee MGIESIUD I LQQUUILENS 18. MEW: SPECIES S22 = Sir ls ea ae GET SLLAENILCL GUS CIU eMCNV EES CCLOS tn ea te ec ee epee i ete eee RSE eee LCDI CLD OCD AUIALCED NOW IS DECLOS so ee ts ee ee ee MIOCENE ESET CIELOLEIILOTALS CLL GIL SHOER AEE Dy UN ee a ee De PLIOCENE DCU ROLIL OI oN CWarSDCCIOS es se ners ren ee eee Aen Sea es ee ae GEOINT NGWe=S PC ClESe eta es oF SOR nT Dien, OE es SO BO ee Se ORIGTIACUALSONOMANG NeW SPeCCieSa 2 sels SE es Bee ae PLEISTOCENE PES IVEC ESC. O SO mea Ke TN EO Ten are cee eM eee cere esa ree MUCSOLLOCA TO CEANEW SDECCIOS en satan ene we Se ie bk SR ae es 58 ayn CIVIL TE CLES AOCLILLCOSIUS AC SCLIN PSO) aos ee on ee eee NCR ALUSMLINeEatus: Rathbun 2s) hes oe 8 ee Be rst ON ee
GENERA NOW EXTINCT
ANCLECODUS Kathbun beep CS ere see ra) Le EEL oe Sie Dae PUCGLOLODICISs elle ee eee SPE eee ee erent Pe Or EP a ee ae Branchioplas snathbuns 2 eee Peo Coeloma A. Milne Edwards____-__ prowiige | bx tae Sa cote dh rhs | oe ee eee CER ODS ISteNTs OG Vi ats cits Age meee ee au. a eT ARCRLOLAMLOTIUESS Peat et ee ee eS ely. PAG EAL TUDE Sows liter tele rn ok a ia ee Sk MCCHOCEICULILS PRES CLL ea emer Er ete ee Se es 2) Si te ee Neel eee FERGIOLONSIS AOA TLC eee ate ren ek ene ne en FAP See” EN Yee Pe gr nee Palehomola, new genus GREDLOCOTCUMUS ACO T eat is EE Sin ae 1 hw nT ee gs a oe oe 2 ee aL Humorphocorystes von Binkhorst____-________- Palaeocorystes Bell
Page 102 30: 137
61 130:
-1 ot
=] ¢
_ ho Ss)
29
136
10 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Page Hens VON Mey ens 222522 2 Bee ee ee eee ea ee tT, ENODLOCII TG M COy ee eee a ee ee eee aes oe ence ae ee 128 Meyeria: MW’ COV eae oe eee oe Sra Sr 128 EE OD UOD OTC ME COM a a a ee cee we Glyphed.vyon..Meyers <2 232.2222 ee ee oe ee ee 133 OM OGHOUTAUS j TES CCK S a we Se ee eS nae 134
RECENT GENERA NOT BEFORE RECORDED AS FOSSIL
IPYTOMNAL- SLIM pPSON so 22" 2 ek Se 2 eee eee ee eee 22 iPugettianDane es Se ao. se NR ee ee eee 23 SGU 7° oD) UT Os te ee ee ee eee 24 OTF OFC ULCER TL) BRN A as ay ee 25 SGU UYU CGS WB Ca ea ae ne AI aa a cle 26 CLE OCT DE GaNUM PSON = 52. ook hel oes ee a 28 Pinniga-W bitest +. =2 1! ts* 70h Tee rane ft R Seeks 2 Cee ee 34 Pitumnoplac Stimpson.) 525 = eee es ee eee eee 37 EA CHELE ROO Vila At Soe ee 2 ee ee Be ae ee 44. CA CLOT GIVEN Sie ECA ELUM a ae eT oe 58 ZL GACT USES IND TN Ga oa a ee a ee a ern ee Cee ee 101 Dard ants a Paul sone a ae re ea eet ee ee 102 ES LC DTG UD OC RCT Ol aN ee noes nee pee 126
ELS CU LOS GU UU UG ON TT a a agen doe
LOCALITIES IN GEOGRAPHICAL ORDER WITH THE SPECIES FOUND AT EACH
ALASKA
West end of Bering Lake; probably Oligocene; G. C. Martin, United States Geological Survey (2938); Branchioplax washing- toniana.
Kast branch of Redwood Creek; Oligocene; University of Cali- fornia (No. 3866) ; Portunites alaskensis.
Nichowak District, just below the lower seepage on Pearl Creek. on Pearl Creek oil claim No. 11; Oligocene; University of Cali- fornia (No. 3862) ; Lophopanopeus olearis; Portunites alaskensis.
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Skidegate Inlet, west of Alliford Bay, Queen Charlotte Islands; Cretaceous; Mus. Geol. Sur. Ottawa; Homolopsis richardsoni.
Vancouver Island; Cretaceous; Podocratus canadensis.
Comox River, Vancouver Island; Cretaceous; Plagiolophus van- couverensis; Palaeocorystes harveyi; Callianassa whiteavesii; Hoplo- paria bennetti.
Hornby Island; Cretaceous; Plagiolophus vancouverensis,; Palaeo- corystes harveyi; Eryma dawsoni; Enoploclytia minor; Meyeria? harveyi; Podocratus canadensis; Podocratus vancouverensis.
Two miles up Puntledge River, Vancouver Island; Nanaimo group, Cretaceous; Podocratus vancouverensis.
Nanaimo, Vancouver Island; Cretaceous; Glyphea, species.
Near Pachena Bay, Vancouver, near north point of entrance into Strait of Juan de Fuca; Oligocene, near boundary between Sooke and Carmanah formations; J. D. McDonald, collector, 1905; Pro- vincial Museum, Victoria; through F. Kermode and Dr. C. F. New- combe; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sea cliffs 214 miles south of Pachena Lighthouse, Vancouver Island; Oligocene; University of California (144); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Basal sandstone sea cliffs between Clo-oose and Nitinat Lagoon, Vancouver Island; lower (?%) Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, col- lector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 142); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandstone shale sea cliffs for 3 miles west of Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; Oligocene; H. Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 141); Pilumnoplaxw carmanahensis; Zanthopsis
vulgaris. 11
12° BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Sandy shale sea cliffs at mouth of Five Mile Creek, Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector ; Stanford University (N. Pac. 188); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandy shale from sea cliff as found about 1 mile west of Seven Mile Creek, Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 137) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sea cliffs between Kow Shet Cove and Nine Mile Creek, Strait of Juan de Fuca, Vancouver Island; Oligocene; 1912; Harold Hanni- bal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 136); Zanthopsis vul- garis.
WASHINGTON
In shale near station 214, Koitlah Point, 114 miles northwest of Neah Bay, Clallam County; Oligocene-Miocene; 1904; Ralph Arnold, United States Geological Survey (4135); Branchioplax washingtoniana.
Conglomerate sea cliffs at Koitlah Point west of Neah Bay; lower (?) Oligocene; H. Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 167); Pélumnoplax hannibalanus; Branchioplax washington- tana; Ranina americana
Clallam Bay, south shore of Strait of Juan de Fuca; Blakeley formation, upper Oligocene; 1868; Robert Brown, collector; British Museum; Ranina americana.
Clallam Bay, south shore of Strait of Juan de. Fuca; Blakeley formation, upper Oligocene; British Museum; Callianassa clallam- ensis.
Twin, in shale sea cliffs west of West Twin River for a distance of three-fourths of a mile; upper (?) Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 120); Callianassa clallamensis; Callianassa twinensis.
About half a mile east of mouth of East Twin River, Clallam County; Oligocene; 1904: Ralph Arnold, United States Geological Survey; station 80, register No. 4091; Callianassa twinensis.
Sandy shales in sea cliffs 1 to 2 miles south of Eagle Creek, Port Discovery, Clallam County; Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 152); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandy shale sea cliffs and beach, south shore of Mystery Inlet, Scow Bay, Port Townsend, Jefferson County; lower (?) Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 126); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Port Townsend; Clallam formation, lower Oligocene; September 19, 1873, from Thomas T. Minor; loaned by Yale University Museum: Branchioplax washingtoniana.
Sea cliffs between Classens Wharf and the ship canal estuary, Townsend Bay; lower Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 125); Portunites alaskensis; Ranidina willapensis; Blepharipoda brucei.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 13
Sandstone and shale sea cliffs along west shore of Oak Bay, 1 to 2 miles south of Portage Spit between Port Townsend and Port Ludlow; lower (?) Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 128) ; Lanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites alaskensis.
South side of Rich’s Passage, Puget Sound; basal conglomerate of upper Oligocene, or Blakeley formation; University of Cali- fornia (T. 42); Callianassa twinensis.
Restoration Point, Bainbridge Island, Kitsap County; upper Oligocene; University of Washington (Loc. 18); Callianassa por- terensis.
Restoration Point, Bainbridge Island, Kitsap County; upper Oligocene; (Loc. T. 1, N. Pac. 103) University of Washington (164) ; Mursia marcusana,
Restoration Point, Bainbridge Island, Kitsap County; Blakeley formation, upper Oligocene; Marcus A. Hanna, collector; California Academy of Sciences; M/ursia marcusana,
Sandstone beach at Bean Point, Bainbridge Island, Puget Sound; upper Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 205); Cancer bain- bridgensis.
Shaly sandstone beach from Alki Point south one-fourth mile along shore of Puget Sound, Seattle; upper Oligocene; H. Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 48); Mursta marcusana,
Northern Pacific Railway cut 100 feet east of Seattle Brewing and Malting Co.’s brewery at Georgetown, South Seattle, in section 20, township 24 north, range 4 east; Oligocene; University of Washing- ton, No. 9 (old No. 3008) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Burnett, Pierce County; labeled “ Miocene”; probably Oligocene, Puget formation; 1898; H. J. Karstner, United States Geological Survey (3145) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Vance’s Creek, 214 miles above junction with Skokomish River, 13 miles above Union; lower Oligocene; (N. Pac. 207) University of California; Portunites alaskensis.
Bed of Delezene Creek 5 or 6 miles up stream from its junction with Chehalis River, Chehalis County; Oligocene; California Acad- emy of Sciences (194); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Near Porter, Chehalis County, section 22, township 17 north, range 5 west; middle Oligocene; University of Washington; Zanthopsis vulgaris; Callianassa porterensis.
Porter, in bluff just below railroad station on Northern Pacific Railroad, section 22, township 17 north, range 4 west; middle Oligo- cene; University of Washington (160) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Shaly sandstone bluff on Chehalis River below Porter; middle Oligecene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 53); Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites triangulum,; Callianassa porterensis.
14 BULLETIN 1388, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Porter: middle Oligocene; University of Washington; Zanthopsis vulgaris. J
Porter; middle Oligocene; H. Landes, collector; Arnold Collection, Stanford University; Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites triangulum.
Porter, in bluffs immediately north and south of Porter; middle Oligocene; California Academy of Sciences (193); Zanthopsis vul- garis.
Porter Creek, near Porter; middle Oligocene; University of Washington; no number; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Marly tuffs along bluffs at old log dam along Porter Creek; lower Oligocene; associated with lowest fauna of Lincoln horizon, as de- fined by Dr. C. E. Weaver; Stanford University (N. Pac. 51); Zan- thopsis vulgaris.
Shaly sandstone bluffs one-fourth mile below old log dam on Por- ter Creek, Porter; middle Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 52); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Shaly sandstone bluffs along Porter Creek, one-fourth to 1 mile above old log dam, Porter; middle (?) Oligocene; Harold Hannibal,, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 56); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Shaly sandstone bluffs along Porter Creek, three-fourths of a mile above Porter; middle Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stan- tord University (N. Pac. 54); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Bluff one-half mile east of Porter Station, Chehalis County; Porter formation, middle Oligocene; Thomas Etherington, collector ; University of Washington; Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites tri- angulum.
Shaly sandstone road cuts one-fourth mile southeast of Porter, along the Chehalis River; middle Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, col- iector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 50); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
About five miles northwest of Oakville, Chehalis County, in shales on Gibson Creek: Oligocene; Katherine V. W. Palmer; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandy bluffs along Chehalis River for 1 mile east of Helsing Junction, Independence; upper Oligocene; N. Pac. 208; University of California; Callianassa oregonensis.
One and one half to two miles northwest of Galvin; middle Oligo- cene; Loc. T. 10, N. Pac. 300; Portunites triangulum.
Sandy shale bluffs along the Chehalis River northwest of the mouth of Lincoln Creek, Lincoln Creek (the creek runs into the river at Galvin); middle Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 211); Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites triangulum.
Near junction of Lincoln Creek and Chehalis River some 5 (?) miles northwest of Centralia, Lewis County; Lincoln beds, Oligo- cene; 1920; R. H. Palmer, collector; Portunites triangulum.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 15
Olequa Creek, one-fourth mile above Vader Station, Lewis County, in east bank, just north of where small creek enters Olequa on east; section 29, township 11 north, range 2 west; Eocene; University of Washington (237); Callianassa umpquaensis.
West bank of Olequa Creek about one-eighth mile north of Vader Station, Lewis County; section 29, township 11 north, range 2 west; Eocene; University of Washington, Loc. 324 (old No. 297) ; Pinnixa eocenica,; Callianassa umpquaensis.
One mile west of junction of Olequa and Stillwater Creeks on the latter near Vader, Lewis County, in section 30, township 11 north, range 2 west; Tejon formation, upper Eocene; University of Wash- ington, Loc. 6 (old No. 8005) ; Raninoides vaderensis.
One and a half miles east of Vader, Lewis County, in the bank of the Cowlitz River, just below the big bend; Cowlitz formation, upper Eocene; Marcus A. Hanna, collector; University of Washing- ton; Branchioplax washingtoniana. :
Railroad bluff about 144 miles south of Vader, Lewis County, about 700 feet below railroad post No. 79, section 4, township 11 north, range 2 west; upper Eocene; University of Washington, Loc. 331 (old No. 299); Carcinides minor; Raninoides lewisanus; Callia- nassa umpquaensis,; Upogebia (Upogebia) eocenica.
Rock bluff in Northern Pacfiic Railway cut 2,850 feet south of milepost 76 and three-fourths of a mile north of Olequa Railway station; upper Kocene or Tejon; University of Washington (299) ; Callianassa umpquaensis.
Sandy shale bluffs along Cowlitz River, 114 miles below mouth of Drew Creek, Olequa; Eocene; H. Hannibal, collector; Stanford Uni- versity (N. Pac. 251) ; Pilumnoplaw hannibalanus.
Southwestern part; at the type-locality of the Cowlitz formation, upper Eocene; September, 1922; EK. E. and R. B. Stewart, collectors; University of California; Branchioplax washingtoniana.
On Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, about 214 miles up creek from Mount Solo; section 2, township 8 north, range 3 west; Eocene; University of Washington (341) ; Callianassa cowlitzensis.
Monterey sandstone bluffs along Wilson Creek 114 miles above Willapa, Pacific County; Oligocene (?); N. Pac. No. 245; Calli- anassa oregonensis.
Mill Creek, 114 miles east of junction with Willapa River, 3 miles northeast of Menlo, Pacific County; Oligocene; California Acad- emy of Sciences (187) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Tuffaceous sandstone bluffs along the Willapa River north of Holcomb, Pacific County; middle Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 253); Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites alaskensis; Ranidina willapensis.
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About 1 mile north and a little east of Holcomb, Pacific County, in east bank of Willapa River; Oligocene; California Academy of Sciences (188) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
One thousand six hundred feet above first railroad bridge on Willapa River below Holcomb; section 25, township 18 north, range 8 west; Oligocene; University of Washington; No. 80 (old No. 240) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites alaskensis.
Shale bluffs along Nasel River near mouth of Salmon Creek, Nasel, Pacific County; middle Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 281; the number is badly rubbed but is almost certainly 281) ; Eumorphocorystes naselensis; Callianassa clallamensis.
In bluffs along the Nasel River, section 1, 414 miles east of Nasel; upper Oligocene; Blakeley horizon (Acta gettysburgensis zone of C. E. Weaver): Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 280) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandstones in shales in -bluffs along the Columbia River at Knappton Mill, Pacific County; upper Oligocene; Blakeley horizon (Acila gettysburgensis zone of C. E. Weaver) ; Stanford University (N. Pac. 275): Zanthopsis vulgaris.
North bank Columbia River three-fourths of a mile northeast of Knappton, Pacific County; Oligocene; California Academy of Sci- ences (175); Callianassa knapptonensis.
Cementville across river from Astoria, Oregon; Oligocene; Con- don collection, University of Oregon (61); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Cementville across river from Astoria, Oregon; Oligocene; Con- don collection, University of Oregon (62); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Cementville across river from Astoria, Oregon; Oligocene; Uni- versity of Oregon (86) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Sandy shale bluffs on Gray’s River at Gray’s River, Wahkiakum County; upper (?) Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 274) ; Callianassa twinensis.
OREGON
Near Astoria, Clatsop County; in calcareous concretions of argil- laceous rock; “ Miocene” [probably Oligocene]; United States Ex- ploring Expedition; Callianassa oregonensis.
Astoria (?); Oligocene; Condon collection, University of Oregon (188) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Nehalem River, ford north of Mishawaka, Clatsop County; Oligo- cene; 1895; J. S. Diller, United States Geological Survey; Portu- nites triangulum.
Basalt tuffs on the Tillamook branch, Southern Pacific Railway, 1 mile east of Wheeler, Nehalem Bay; middle (?) Oligocene; H. Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 229); Pélumno- plax hannihalanus.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 17
Newport, Yaquina Bay, Lincoln County; Oligocene; 1901; Chester W. Washburne, United States Geological Survey (5423); Zanthop- sis vulgaris.
Yaquina, Lincoln County; Oligocene; University of Oregon (509, 948) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Yaquina, Lincoln County; Oligocene; Condon collection, Univer- sity of Oregon (70, 883, 884, 885, 886, 888, 946, 947): Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Probably Yaquina; Oligocene; Condon collection, University of Oregon; no number (except one has 19); Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Probably near Yaquina; Oligocene: University of Oregon; Portu- nites triangulum.
Rocky Point, 4 miles east of Yaquina City in a railroad cut a few feet west of bridge No. 9; Oligocene; Bruce Martin, collector; Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences, Loc. 42; Hucrate martini; Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites triangulum; Mursia yaquinensis.
Sandy shale cut along the Corvallis and Eastern Railway, between Rocky Point and Oysterville, Yaquina Bay; Oligocene; Harold Hannibal, collector; Stanford University (N. Pac. 15): Zanthopsis vulgaris; Portunites triangulum,; Callianassa porterensis.
Elk City, Lincoln County; Oligocene; University of Oregon (776) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
Near Pioneer Quarry near Elk City; Oligocene; Condon collection. University of Oregon (774, 775) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
West side of Judkins Ridge, Eugene, Lane County; Oligocene; Chester W. Washburne, collector, 387; United States Geological Survey (5454) ; Callianassa oregonensts.
Judkins Ridge, near Eugene; Oligocene series in sedimentary tufa- ceous sandstone; 1897 or 1898; Oscar Gorrell, collector and donor; Palehomola gorrelli.
Near Eugene; upper Oligocene; University of Oregon (No. 80) ; Portunites alaskensis; Raninoides washburnei; Raninoides eugenen- sis; Raninoides fulgidus; Callianassa oregonensis.
Springfield Junction, 1 mile west of Springfield, Lane County; Oligocene; 1897; Chester W. Washburne, United States Geological Survey (5458); Zanthopsis vulgaris; ?Graptocarcinus, species; Raninoides fulgidus; Raninoides asper; Callianassa oregonensis.
One fourth mile west of Springfield Junction on Southern Pa- cific Railroad, Lane County; Oligocene; 1897; Chester W. Wash- burne, United States Geological Survey (5456) ; Raninoides eugenen- sis; Raninoides fulgidus; Callianassa oregonensis.
One mile south of Springfield Junction, Lane County; Oligocene; 1905; Chester W. Washburne, United States Geological Survey (5457) ; Zanthopsis vulgaris.
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One mile south of Henderson Station (Spngfield Junction), Southern Pacific Railroad, Lane County; Oligocene; Chester W. Washburne, collector; United States Geological Survey; Zanthop- sis hendersonianus; Persephona bigranulata; Calappa lanensis.
Basket Point, Umpqua River, about 12 miles below mouth of Calapooia River, Douglas County; middle Eocene; 1898; Chester W. Washburne, United States Geological Survey (5455); Portu- nites insculpta; Raninoides vaderensis; Raninoides washburnei; Callianassa umpquaensis.
Shale sea cliffs south of mouth of Five Mile Creek, Bandon, Coos County; lower (?) Oligocene; Stanford University (N. Pac. 38) ; Callianassa bandonensis; Callianassa porterensis.
Near Eldorado, Malheur County; Pliocene; Charles W. McDowell, collector; Yale Museum; Astacus chenoderma.
Section 34, township 19 south, range 43 east, Snake River Valley, Malheur County; Payette formation, Miocene; Mr. Dunham, col- lector for Chester W. Washburne, United States Geological Survey; Astacus chenoderma.
Near Vale, Malheur County; Payette formation, Miocene; Ches- ter W. Washburne, collector, United States Geological Survey;
Astacus chenoderma. IDAHO
Catharine’s Creek (local name for upper part of Castle Creek), Owyhee County; Pliocene (?); J. C. Schenk, collector for Clar- ence King, in charge United States Geological exploration of fortieth parallel; Astacus chenoderma.
CALIFORNIA
Cottonwood Creek, Shasta County; Shasta Group, lower Cre- taceous; W. M. Gabb, collector; Hoploparia (?%), species.
Chico Creek; Chico Group; Upper Cretaceous; W. M. Gabb; ?Callianassa stimpsondi.
Five and a half miles southeast of Santa Rosa, three-tenths of a mile upstream from bridge crossing Matanzas Creek, on the left bank, four-tenths of a mile north of Grangers Hall, Sonoma County; Pliocene (?); August, 1923; R. Miller, collector; University of California, Loc. 7025; Hemigrapsus, species; Chloridella sonomana.
Santa Rosa Quadrangle, Sonoma County; 1 mile south of Moun- tain School and 114 miles southwest of Petaluma Reservoir, on right bank of creek bed; Miocene (?), fresh and brackish water zone; August, 1923; R. Miller, collector; University of California, Loc. 7027; Paguristes, species.
Martinez or Clayton, Contra Costa County; Eocene; W. M. Gabb, collector; Cancer gabbi; Callianassa stimpsonii; Callianassa incerta.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 19
About 4 miles south of Martinez and east of the road to Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County; upper beds, Martinez formation, Eocene; University of California, 542/11891; Plagiolophus weaveri.
West side of Tecuya Creek; southeast quarter of southeast quar- ter, section 26, township 10-20 west; Eocene series, very close to the type-locality of the Tejon formation; G. C. Gester, collector; presented by the Southern Pacific Railroad Co. to the California Academy of Sciences; Panina tejoniana.
Canada de las Uvas; Eocene series (Cretaceous of Gabb); W. M. Gabb; ?Callianassa stimpsoni.
Bolsa Point, 1 mile north of Pigeon Point, San Mateo County; Loc. 27, Santa Cruz Quadrangle; Chico formation, upper Cre- taceous; Ralph Arnold, United States Geological Survey; Archae- opus antennatus.
Canoas Creek, three-fourths of a mile below Hugo Kreyenhagen’s ranch house, 16 miles southeast of Coalinga, Fresno County; Etche- goin formation, Pliocene; United States Geological Survey, Loc. 4783; Loxorhynchus grandis.
Near Henry Spring on east face of “ 1900 foot hill” 4 miles south of Coalinga, Fresno County; toward base of Etchegoin formation, Pliocene; 1907; Ralph Arnold, United States Geological Survey, 4756; Cancer fissus.
Salt Creek, 314 miles north-northeast of Joaquin Rocks, Fresno County; south part of northwest quarter, section 15, township 18 south, range 14 east; Eocene; 1909; Robert Anderson, collector; United States Geological Survey (5665); Plagiolophus weaveri.
Salt Creek, 814 miles northwest of Oil City, Fresno County; Eocene; 1909; Robert Anderson, collector; United States Geological Survey (5682); Plagiolophus weavert.
Southeast quarter of northwest quarter of section 15, on branch of Salt Creek, township 18 south, range 14 east, Mount Diablo base line and meridian, Coalinga Quadrangle, Fresno County; near base of Tejon formation, middle Eocene; R. EK. Dickerson, collector, 586; University of California, Loc. 1817; Plagiolophus weaveri; Rani- noides dickersoni.
Salt Creek, southwest quarter, section 10; middle Eocene; August 30, 1909; R. W. Pack, United States Geological Survey (5675) ; ?Plagiolophus weavert.
One mile southeast of Oil City, Fresno County; Eocene (Tejon of Arnold); G. Dallas Hanna, collector; California Academy of Sci- ences, Loc. 874; Necrocarcinus hannae; Callianassa fresnoensis.
Two and a half miles south of mouth of Soledad Valley in the sea cliff; Eocene; Marcus A. Hanna and Georges Vorbe, collectors; University of California, No. 5062; Pilumnoplax soledadensis; Car- cinides minor (?).
20 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
South central part of southeast quarter of section 24, Coalinga Quadrangle; Etchegoin formation, Pliocene; University of Cali- fornia, No. 2371; Cancer fissus.
Adelaide Quadrangle, central part about 6 miles west of Temple- ton, San Luis Obispo County; Monterey shales, middle Miocene; Dr. M. G. Edwards of the Shell Oil Co., collector; University of California; Pseudosquilla adelaidensis.
Wagon Wheel Mountain, southeast quarter, section 36, township 25 south, range 18 east, Devils Den district, about 36 miles south of Coalinga, Kern County; lower Miocene immediately below Vaqueros beds; 1907; Ralph Arnold, collector; United States Geological Sur- vey, No. 4859; Branchiolambrus altus.
Near Santa Barbara; Plocene; Cancer productus -(=—Cancer brewer).
Llajas Canyon, Simi Valley, Ventura County; Santa Susana shales, the basal member of the Meganos group, Middle Eocene; September, 1923; R. P. Stewart, collector; University of California, Loc. 7014; Zanthopsis hendersonianus; Callianassa cowlitzensis.
Ventura County; Pliocene; Louis N. Waterfall; Cancer productus.
Rock Creek Quadrangle, Los Angeles County; Martinez formation, Eocene; L. F. Noble, Loc. 5; United States Geological Survey ; Coeloma martinezensis.
Third Street Tunnel, Los Angeles; Pliocene; January 22, 1901; Homer Hamlin, collector, No. 40; United States Geological Survey, No. 3426; Uca hamlini.
Los Angeles, from foundation of large building; Pliocene; 1914; J. Z. Gilbert, collector; Cancer wrbanus.
Long wharf, Santa Monica; Pleistocene; F. C. Clark, collector; Lowxorhynchus crispatus; Randallia ornata.
Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; Pleistocene; F. C. Clark, col- lector; Pugettia producta; Loxorhynchus grandis; Libinia setosa; Heterocry pta occidentalis; Lophopanopeus diegensis; Cyclowanthops novemdentatus ; Cancer productus, Cancer jordani; Cancer gracilis; Randdlia ornata; Dardanus arnoldi; Callianassa longimana.
Santa Monica, in Rustic Canyon; Pliocene; D. F. Clark, collector ; Cancer urbanus.
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation, Pleistocene; T. S. Oldroyd collector; Pugettia producta; Pugettia richti; Mesorhoea idae; Hemigrapsus nudus,; Hemigrapsus oregonensis; Lophopanopeus diegensis; Lophopano- peus leucomanus; Lophopanopeus lockingtoni; Cancer productus; Cancer jordani; Cancer magister; Cancer gracilis; Randallia ornata; Randallia pleistocenica; Pagurus granosimanus; Callianassa steph- ensi.
| | . : : | | | | '
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 21
San Pedro; Pleistocene; Kate Stephens, collector; Pugettia richii; Hemigrapsus oregonensis; Lophopanopeus diegensis; Lophopano- peus leucomanus,; Cancer productus; Cancer branneri; Cancer jor- dani; Randallia pleistocenica.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; Pleistocene: Arnold col- lection, Stanford University; Pyromaia tuberculata; Pugettia pro- ducta; Pugettia richii; Scyra acutifrons; Loxorhynchus crispatus ; Chorilia, species; Mesorhoca idae; Hemigrapsus nudus; Hemigrap- sus oregonensis; Lophopanopeus diegensis; Lophopanopeus leuco- manus; Cancer productus; Cancer branneri; Cancer jordani; Cancer gracilis; Randallia ornata; Randallia pleistocenica; Pardanus ar- noldi; Pagurus granosimanus; Callianassa longimana.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; Plocene: Stanford University; Uca oldroydi.
Signal Hill (er Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; Upper San Pedro formation, Pleistocene; Ida S. Oldroyd, collector; Pyro- maia tuberculata; Pugettia richii; Mesorhoea idae; Hemigrapsus nudus; Lophopanopeus diegensis; Lophopanopeus leucomanus; Can- cer productus; Cancer branneri; Callinectes bellicosus; Randallia ornata; Hepatus lineatus; Callianassa stephensi.
Carrizo Creek, Imperial County; Eocene; W. S. W. Kew, col- lector, Loc. 55; University of California; Callianassa hewana.
Kelly’s Ranch, 5 miles north of Carlsbad Station, on Santa Fe Railway, San Diego County; Cretaceous: Charles H. Sternberg, collector; Zanthopsis sternbergi.
Two miles east of La Jolla, in bottom of Rose Creek where the creek makes a strong bend to the west; just west of the brick plant. On the La Jolla topographic sheet, two-tenths of a mile south of B. M. 176; middle Eocene; Marcus A. Hanna and Georges Vorbe, collectors, Loc. 3993; University of California; Plagiolophus weavert.
Vicinity of La Jolla (exact locality not supplied); Eocene; Uni- versity of California, 5084 [or 5024]; received through Marcus A. Hanna; Pardanus subaequalis.
Point Loma, “coal mine,” ocean shore of Point; April 5, 1918; Pleistocene; Frank Stephens, collector; Cancer productus.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; Pleistocene; Kate Stephens, col- lector; Pyromaia tuberculata; Pugettia richii; Hemigrapsus nudus; Cancer anthonyi; Cancer jordani; Cancer gracilis; Randallia or- natu; Hepatus lineatus; Callianassa longimana.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; Pleistocene; San Diego Society of Natural History; Pyromaia tuberculata; Libinia setosa; Cancer gracilis; Portunus (Portunus) wxantusti; Randallia ornata; Callia- nassa stephensi.
22 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Locality not given; Eocene; University of California (572) ;
Plagiolophus weaver. MEXICO
San Quentin Bay, Lower California, lava beds; Pleistocene; C. R. Orcutt; Cancer productus.
SYSTEMATIC LIST
Order DECAPODA Latreille Suborder REPTANTIA Boas Tribe BRACHYURA Latreille
Subtribe BRACHYGNATHA Borradaile
Superfamily OXYRHYNCHA Dana Family MAJIDAE Rathbun (MAIIDAE Alcock)
SPIDER CRABS
Chelipeds especially mobile, rarely much greater than the other legs, or with fingers bent at an angle on the hand. Second article of antennae well developed, generally fused with epistome and often with front. Orbits usually more or less incomplete. Hooked hairs almost always present. Palp of external maxillipeds articulated either at summit or at antero-internal angle of merus.
Genus PYROMAIA Stimpson
Pyromaia Stimpson, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 2, 1871, p. 109; type, P. cuspidata Stimpson.—RaTuHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, Dat.
Carapace pyriform, rough; rostrum simple. Postorbital spine large, distant from orbit, tip directed forward. Palm swollen; fin- gers long, curving inward. Abdomen of female very convex, unevenly tuberculate.
Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
PYROMAIA TUBERCULATA (Lockington) Plate 1, fig. 1
Inachus tuberculatus LockIneToNn, Proc. California Acad. Sci., vol. 7, 1876 (1877), p. 30 [3].
Inachoides tuberculatus Scumitt, Univ. California Publ. Zool., vol. 23, 1921, p. 199, text-fig. 123.
Pyromaia tuberculata RaTusBun, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 133, pl. 40, fig. 3, pl. 218, figs. 1-4, and synonymy.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 23
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; one right immovable finger.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; Upper San Pedro formation; a piece of merus of an ambulatory leg; Cat. No. 353595, U.S.N.M.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay: One left movable and immovable finger, three female abdomens (pl. 1, fig. 1), and several fragments of legs; Cat. No. 353356, U.S.N.M. One left manus with fixed fin- ger attached, and one female abdomen; Cat. No. 353357, U.S.N.M.
Range of Recent specimens—From Monterey Bay to Bay of Panama.
Genus PUGETTIA Dana
Pugettia DANA, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1851, pp. 268 and 483; type, P. gracilis Dana.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 167.
Carapace suboblong, with two wings on each side. Supra-orbital eave well developed, forming a preocular tooth. Rostrum bifid. Palm dilated and compressed, fingers usually gaping at base, dentate toward extremity, a larger tooth on dactyl in gape.
Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
PUGETTIA PRODUCTA (Randall)
Epialtus productus RANDALL, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, yol. 8, 1889 (1840), p. 110. Pugettia producta RaTusBuNn, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 167, pls. 56 and 57. Occurrence—California; Pleistocene series: Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; piece of dactylus of a right ambulatory leg; Cat. No. 353354, U.S.N.M. Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; two movable fingers; Cat. No. 353375, U.S.N.M. Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; one right immovable finger. ' Range of Recent specimens.—From Vancouver Island, British Co- lumbia, to Santa Rosalia Bay, Lower California.
PUGETTIA RICHII Dana Pugettia richii Dana, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol, 11, 1851, p. 268.— RATHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 176, text-fig. 66.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; one right and one left immovable finger; Cat. No. 353374, U.S.N.M.
24 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
San Pedro; one dactyl of left cheliped; Cat. No. 353355, U.S.N.M.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; one movable finger.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; Upper San Pedro formation ; piece of merus of ambulatory leg.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; end of propodal finger of left | cheliped.
Range of Recent specimens—¥rom Vancouver Island to San Diego Bay.
Genus SCYRA Dana
Scyra Dana, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1851, p. 269; type, S. acutifrons Dana.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 195. Carapace subpyriform, with few or no spines; rostral horns | flattened, sharp-pointed. Orbits small, a fissure above and below, | preorbital spine present. Hand compressed, carinated above; fingers | with sharp, crenulated prehensile edge. | Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
SCYRA ACUTIFRONS Dana
Scyra acutifrons DANA, Amer. Journ, Sci., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1851, p. 269.— | Ratusun, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 195, pls. 79 and 224, |
figs. 4 and 5. Occurrence.—California; Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; | Pleistocene series; three movable fingers and a right manus with} fixed finger attached. | Range of Recent specimens—F rom Kodiak to San Diego.
Genus LOXORHYNCHUS Stimpson
Loxorhynchus Stimpson, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1857, p. 451] [10] ; type, L. grandis Stimpson.—RatTuHBUN, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 198.
Of large size. Carapace pyriform, rough and hairy; rostrum bifid, deflexed. Orbits imperfect, preorbital tooth strong, postorbital | acute. Basal antennal article broad. Chelipeds of male much en- | larged, extremities dentate or crenate, dactylus flat-topped at base: und with a large basal tooth in gape.
Plocene—Recent.
LOXORHYNCHUS GRANDIS Stimpson
Plates 2 and 3; plate 4, fig. 1
Loxorynchus grandis Stimpson, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1857, p. 85.
Loxorhynchus grandis Stimpson, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1857, | p. 452, pl. 20, fig. 1; pl. 22, fig. 1—Rarupun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.; vol. 35, 1908, p. 342, pls. 45, 46, 47, fig. 1; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No.’ 1295 1925, p. 198, text-fig. 80, pls. 64 and 65.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA Dh
Oceurrence.—California :
Canoas Creek, three-fourths of a mile below Hugo Kreyenhagen’s ranch house, 16 miles southeast of Coalinga, Fresno County; in a rather hard, coarse blue-gray sandstone layer about 125 feet strati- graphically below the top of the Etchegoin formation, Pliocene series; one adult female, Cat. No. 165476, U.S.N.M. (pls. 2 and 3; pl. 4, fig. 1).
Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica, Los Angeles County; Pleis- tocene series; 60 fragments of fingers; Cat. No. 353369, U.S.N.M. One of the fragments, the basal portion of a movable finger, belongs to a larger specimen than any Recent individual recorded. The greatest width of the upper surface of the dactyl, close to the condyles which articulate with the propodus, is 22.2 mm. The corre- sponding width in the largest Recent specimen in the United States National Museum is 17 mm., the carapace having a length of 20 cm.
Range of Recent specimens——From San Francisco, California, to San Martin Island, Lower California; to a depth of 68 fathoms.
LOXORHYNCHUS CRISPATUS Stirapson
Loxorhynchus crispatus Strimpson, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1857, p. 4538, pl. 22, figs. 24—Ratupun, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 200, pls. 66 and 67.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Long wharf, Santa Monica; one immovable finger of young specimen.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; one rostrum with adja- cent part of carapace, two movable, and one immovable, finger, all from young specimens.
Range of Recent specimens —From San Francisco to San Diego.
Genus CHORILIA Dana
Chorilia DaNA, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1851, p. 269; type, C. longipes Dana.—RaTHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 202. Carapace subpyriform, convex. Rostral spines long, slender. divergent. A preocular spine; supraocular hood separated by a U-shaped sinus from postocular cup. Palm compressed, upper mar- gin acute; fingers denticulate, gaping in basal portion. Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
CHORILIA, species Plate Wh he .2 A small finger only 6.2 mm. long, having the appearance of an
adult male. It resembles the dactylus of C. longipes Dana,? with one
2 Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1851, p. 269. Rathbun, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 329, 1925, p. 208, pl. 224, figs. 1-3; pl. 225; text-figs. 81 and 82.
3020—26
ce v
26 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
groove on either side, the outer groove wider than the inner, surface coarsely punctate, a large tooth in the gape; on the other hand, the grooves are deeper than in longipes, the finger shorter in proportion to its basal width and shghtly more curved; moreover, the dentation of the distal half is not true to type. It consists of five teeth, diminishing in size, the proximal one being larger than the subbasal tooth, the space between the two having at its middle a small tooth or tubercle; in dongipes the distal teeth are seven or eight in number, are more closely placed and similar in shape and size, becoming smaller gradually toward tip of finger.
Occurrence.—Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; Pleisto- cene series; one right movable finger.
Genus LIBINIA Leach
Libinia LeacyH, Zool. Mise., vol. 2, 1815, p. 129; type, L. emarginata Leach, Recent.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 310. Carapace rotund, tuberculate or spinous, with a small, emarginate rostrum. Orbits small, subcircular, upper fissure closed or nearly so. Palm elongate, fingers usually evenly denticulate on prehensile edges. Miocene; Pleistocene; Recent.
LIBINIA SETOSA Lockingicn
Libinia setosa LOCKINGTON, Proc. California Acad. Sci., vol. 7, 1876 (1877), p. 68 [6].—RaATHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 327, pl. 243. Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene: Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; one large movable finger; Cat. No. 3538364, U.S.N.M. Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; one large movable finger. Range of Recent specimens—lKnown only from the west coast of Lower California.
Family PARTHENOPIDAE Alcock
Chelipeds not especially mobile, usually much longer and heavier than the other legs and with fingers bent on hand at an angle toward the side on which the fixed finger is set. Second article of antennae small, short, not fused with epistome or front. Orbits well made. Hooked hairs almost always wanting. Palp of external maxillipeds articulated at antero-internal angle of merus.
Genus MESORHOEA Stimpson
Mesorhoea Stimpson, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 2, 1871, p. 185; type, M. sexspinosa Stimpson.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 129,
1925, p. 546. Carapace pentagonal, smooth, convex, bearing four large spines, on the gastric, cardiac and branchial (paired) regions. Efferent
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 27
branchial channels meeting at middle of endostome, as in the Oxys- tomes. Arm and hand elongate, triangular in cross-section, edges dentate; fingers very short.
Miocene; Pleistocene; Recent.
MESORHOEA IDAE,’ new species
Plate 1, figs. 5-10
Mesorhoea, new species, T. S. Orproyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Description—Propodus of cheliped: Inner surface of palm (pl. 1, fig. 8) widening from proximal to distal end, upper outer surface (pl. 1, fig. 9) widest at middle, narrowing to either end, lower sur- face (pl. 1, fig. 10) narrowest in middle, widening to either end. Teeth of upper margin 14, of which three have a small subsidiary tooth on the proximal slope; teeth of outer margin 17, alternating in size; of inner margin 14 followed by two tubercles on the digit. Teeth acute or subacute, in profile channeled by deep furrows except toward the tips; viewed from above the teeth are seen to be thick, and each is crossed transversely over its summit by a row of six or fewer shiny granules. On the lower outer surface near the carpus there is a longitudinal row of three granules (pl. 1, fig. 10) ; also a row of granules on each of the condyles articulating with the carpus. The propodal finger is bent obliquely inward, is quadran- gular in cross-section, prehensile edge armed with six tubercles, the first three, nearest the palm, very small, the next two large, the last one, near the tip, of medium size. The outer angles of the finger are also tuberculate, the line of tubercles continued well up- ward on the manus either side of the dactylus.
Merus of cheliped: Upper surface a little narrower in the middle than toward the ends (pl. 1, fig. 6); outer surface curved (concave upwards) of subequal width throughout (pl. 1, fig. 7), inner surface narrow at proximal end, widening distally (pl. 1, fig. 5). Inner margin with 17 teeth alternating large and small, outer margin with 18 smaller teeth also alternating; lower margin with 16 teeth mostly alternating in size. The third large tooth from the proximal end of the inner margin is more prominent than the others. The teeth are granulated in a similar manner to those of the manus but in a top view the teeth are narrower than on the manus and the granula- tion less evident. A tubercle or large granule is on the inner surface near the lower margin in the proximal third (pl. 1, fig. 5); in an- other specimen (Nob Hill) the tubercle is on the upper surface not far behind the middle.
8’ For Mrs. Ida S. Oldroyd, conchologist of Stanford University.
28 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Measurements.—Holotype, length of upper margin of manus 17 mm., length of outer margin of manus (articulating condyle broken) 16.8 mm., length of inner margin measured to tip of finger 19.3 mm., greatest width of outer surface 4.8 mm. Right merus, Deadman Island, paratype, length on inner margin il mm.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; one left manus (Stanford University), one left manus, one fragment of manus, one right merus (U.S.N.M., Cat. No. 353379) ; paratypes.
Deadman Island southeast of San Pedro; one right merus, one piece of a left manus; paratypes.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; upper San Pedro formation, Pleistocene series; one propodus of left cheliped, holotype, in Stanford University.
Felation—These arms and hands are very near J. bel/uw (A. Milne Edwards) ,* a Recent species inhabiting both coasts of Lower Cali- fornia and also the Bay of Panama in depths varying from 914 to 71 fathoms. In bel/ii, however, the articles are slenderer, their mar- ginal teeth fewer and thinner, and finely granulate on all sides instead of in a transverse line.
Genus HETEROCRYPTA Stimpsen
Heterocrypta Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 10, 1871, p. 102 [129]; type, H. granulata (Gibbes)—RaTHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 554.
Carapace broad, pentagonal, expanded so as to partially cover legs and abdomen. A branchial ridge subparallel to antero-lateral margin extends to gastric region. Palm very long, fingers short, triangular in cross-section.
Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
HETEROCRYPTA OCCIDENTALIS (Dana)
Cryptopodia occidentalis Dana, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 18, 1854, p. 430, woodcut.
Heterocrypta occidentalis RaTHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 129, 1925, p. 559, pls. 204 and 205, and synonymy.
Occurrence.—California: Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; Pleis- tocene series; nine right movable, one immovable finger; U. S. N. M., Cat. No. 353363. Specimens much worn. Outer edge of superior triangular surface in most cases indistinct.
Range of Recent specimens.—From the Farallones, California, to Los Coronados Islands, Mexico.
4 Solenolambrus bellii A. Milne Edwards, Crust. Rég. Mex., 1878, p. 163, pl. 29, figs. 6-6d.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 29
Superfamily BRACHYRHYNCHA Borradaile Family OCYPODIDAE Milne Edwards
Front not wide and often a narrow deflexed lobe; the orbits occupy the whole anterior border of the carapace outside the front, their outer wall often defective. Buccal cavern large, a little nar- rower in front, the outer maxillipeds often completely closing it; palp coarse, articulating at or near antero-external angle of merus. Abdomen of male narrow. Male openings sternal.
Genus UCA Leach FIDDLER CRABS
Uca Lracu, Edin. Encye., vol. 7, 1814, p. 480; type, U. wna Leach, 1814 =U. heterochelos (Lamarck), 1801.—RaTHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 97, 1918, p. 374.
Carapace subquadrilateral, antero-lateral angles preduced; front narrow, orbits occupying remainder of width of carapace. Cheli- peds of male extraordinarily unequal, of female small and equal.
Pliocene—Recent.
UCA OLDROYDI,® new species
Plate 7, figs. 1 and 2
Description.—The anterior margin of the carapace either side of the rostrum is oblique and sinuous; next to the rostrum it forms a deep narrow bay, followed by a long arch the inner slope of which is short and the outer long (pl. 7, fig. 1) ; outer angle acute, directed outward and forward; situated in a line considerably behind the rostrum. Rostrum small, spatulate, neck of spatula nearly as broac as blade, the median furrow linear, continued backward in a broad shallow depression. Lateral depressions irregular, but in the maim parailel to the median line. Dorsal surface, so far as it remains, nongranulate. Lateral margins concave, moderately convergent pos- teriorly, and marked by a faintly granulate blunt rim.
The specimen has been strongly compressed dorsally and the lower margin of the orbit pushed forward; only one tubercle remains on it and that is long, large and truncate. The ambulatory legs down to the ends of the merus are partly visible; the merus has a strongly convex upper margin, a slightly convex lower margin. The ab- dominal segments have been so disturbed that the proportions of only the fifth can be determined (pl. 7, fig. 2).
Measurements (approximate).—Holotype male, length of carapace 18.5 mm., width of same 29.3 mm.
5 Named for Mr, and Mrs. T. S. Oldroyd, who have collected, and been instrumental in sending, large nunrbers of California fossils for inclusion in this report.
30 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Occurrence.—California: Deadman Island, near San Pedro, Los Angeles County; Pliocene series; one specimen, male, without cheli- peds, holotype, in Stanford University.
Relation —This species is, so far as can be seen without a knowl- edge of the chelipeds, most nearly reiated to the Recent U. moni- lifera® of the Gulf of California; they both have an uneven cara- pace, a sinuous anterior, or supraorbital, margin and a coarsely turreted infraorbital margin; U/. monilifera has a more transverse anterior margin, a broader blade and more constricted neck to the rostrum, a smoother lateral margin, and less inflated meropodites.
UCA HAMLINI, new species Plate 8, fig. 1
Description—Upper and lower margins of palm subparallel ex- cept toward the carpus, a portion of which is to be seen adjacent to upper half of manus (pl. 8, fig. 1); distal end of manus oblique. Fingers broad, meeting at base, gradually diminishing to the ex- tremities, dactylus arched so as to form a wide gape between the fingers when flexed. Very little of the outer layer of shell remains. The manus is swollen at the articulation with the dactylus. The lower margin of propodus, including the finger, has a narrow raised rim; above the rim a row of fine punctae. There is a blunt, ob- liquely longitudinal ridge on base of finger, perhaps accidental. The finger curves slightly upward toward the end; at the middle of the prehensile edge a broad, triangular, blunt-pointed tooth, with a long, gradual proximal slope, and a short distal margin normal to the finger. The dactylus tapers to a slender, blunt tip, its pre- hensile edge is crenulate near the tip, at the proximal end it forms a broad shallow crenated lobe with six thick crenae.
Measurements.—Holotype, length of chela through middle of palm to end of dactylus 38.3 mm., to end of propodal finger 36 mm., length of manus on upper margin 12.8 mm., through the middle 18 mm., greatest width of manus near proximal end 17 mm., length of dactylus measured from upper point of union with palm 24 mm. The palm has an oblique fracture across the middle which may have shortened the true length of the article.
Occurrence.—California: Third Street tunnel, Los Angeles; Plio- cene series; one right chela of a male, holotype (Cat. No. 353372, U.S.N.M.).
Relation—In the comparative length of palm and fingers, this species is related to several Recent short-fingered species of the Pacific coast of America, such as U. macrodactylus*™ (Mexico to
6 Rathbun, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 97, 1918, p. 380, pl. 132. 7 Gelasimus macrodactylus Milne Edwards and Lucas, in d’Orbigny’s Voy. dans. l’Amér, Mérid., vol. 6, 1848, Crust., p. 27; vol. 9, atlas, 1847, pl. 11, fig. 3.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 31
Chile) and U. helleri® (Galapagos Islands). Both of these have a tooth at the middle of the fixed finger and coarse tubercles at the proximal end of the prehensile margin of the dactylus. The coarse tubercles are distinctly separated, not crowded together like the crenae of the fossil, nor are the tubercles arranged on a projecting lobe but along the middle of the broad prehensile margin. Neither of the Recent species mentioned has the lower margin of the fixed finger rimmed.
I hesitate to associate the claw here described with the narrow- fronted Uca oldroydi. The latter is related to U. monilifera and probably has a cheliped similar to that of monilifera and other narrow-fronted species of the American coasts, with an extremely broad, short palm and broad, flattened little-gaping fingers which form an effective shield when held before the body.
Genus ARCHAEOPUS Rathbun
Archaeopus RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 346; type and only species, A. antennatus Rathbun.
Sides of carapace converging anteriorly, posterior angles rounded. Rostrum linear; orbits deep and wide. Basal article of antennules very large, inflated, and much exposed. Buccal cavity wide (pl. 4, fig. 6; pl. 6, fig. 2). Chelipeds moderate, fingers long and slender. Last pair of legs very small, subdorsa! and probably attached at the margins of the abdomen the base of which does not cover the whole width of sternum (pl. 4, fig. 7; pl. 6, fig. 4).
ARCHAEOPUS ANTENNATUS Rathbun Plate 4, figs. 4-7; plate 5; plate 6, figs. 2-4
? Small crab, Gases, Palaeontology of California, vol. 2, sec. 2, 1869, p. 127, pl. 19, fig. 1; original not extant; Martinez, Contra Costa County, in coarse-grained gray sandstone; Cretaceous.
Archacopus antennatus RaTHBUN, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 347, pl. 47, figs. 4-7; pl. 48; pl. 49, figs. 2-4.
Description.—Surface punctate, uneven (pl. 4, fig. 5; pl. 5, fig. 1) ; a transverse ridge across cardiac and branchial regions; cervical suture well marked; a broad H in center of carapace; a groove parallel to posterior margin defines intestinal region. Elevations granulate. A conical tubercle crowns hepatic region, another on its margin; four on branchial margin, the anterior the largest, the posterior next in size. Each orbit is about one-fourth the anterior border of cara- pace (pl. 4, fig. 4); its maximum height, at its middle, nearly as great as its transverse width; upper margin with a triangular tooth near inner angle (pl. 5, fig. 1), a more prominent tooth at outer angle
8 Rathbun, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 4, 1902, p. 277, pl. 12, figs. 3 and 4.
32 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
(pl. 4, fig. 5), lower margin with a tooth at inner end (pl. 5, fig. 2). Basal article of antennules swollen (pl. 5, fig. 2). Chelae of female narrow, strongly arcuate, fingers longer than palm, very slender, grooved, edges meeting, their teeth low (pl. 5, figs.2 and3). Cheliped remote from first ambulatory (pl. 5, fig. 3). Measurements.—Holotype female, length of carapace 24.5 mm., width 34.5 mm., width between anterior angles 27.5 mm. Occurrence.—California; Bolsa Point, 1 mile north of Pigeon Point, San Mateo County; Loc. 27, Santa Cruz quadrangle; Chico formation, upper Cretaceous series. Holotype, adult female (Cat. No. 31069, U. S. N. M.); paratypes, one immature female, one male.
Family GRAPSIDAE Dana
Carapace usually quadrilateral, lateral borders either straight or slightly arched, orbits at or near antero-lateral angles, front broad. Buccal cavern square; generally a gap between outer maxillipeds; the palp articulates either at antero-external angle or at middle of anterior border of merus. Interantennular septum broad. Division of orbit into two fossae accented. Male openings sternal.
Genus HEMIGRAPSUS Dana
Hemigrapsus DANA, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 12, 1851, p. 288; type, H. crassimanus Dana.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 97, 1918, p. 264.
Carapace transverse, quadrate, antero-lateral margin rounded and dentate; an oblique ridge runs inward and backward from postero- Jateral margin. Chelipeds stout, subequal; fingers hollowed out on the prehensile surface. Sternum much wider than base of abdomen.
Pliocene—Recent. Not before found fossil.
HEMIGRAPSUS, species Plate 7, fig. 3
Description —The great width of the sternal segments indicates one of the Grapsidae and in particular the genus emigrapsus, two of whose species are now very abundant on the Pacific coast of North America. The first sternal segment is coarsely punctate, the second and third are finely punctate on the posterior half, while a few granules are scattered over the whole surface. Third, fifth, and sixth abdominal segments granulate. The depressions between the seg- ments in the actual crab are here represented by ridges and the abdomen is below the level of the sternum, or the reverse of the position in the crab. The impression of a manus embraces appar- ently the inner surface, which is coarsely punctate except near the
ee
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 33
lower distal end where it is smooth. It must be borne in mind that ‘punctae of an impression represent granules in the actual object and vice versa.
Measurements—Male, length of second sternal segment close to abdomen 3.8 mm., width of same 11.7 mm., length of second sternal segment 5.3 mm., width of same 11.6 mm., length of fifth abdominal segment 5.4 mm., length of sixth abdominal segment 6.7 mm.
Occurrence.—California: 514 miles southeast of Santa Rosa, three-tenths of a mile upstream from bridge crossing Matanzas Creek, on the left bank, four-tenths of a mile north of Grangers Hall, Sonoma County; Pliocene (?) series; one specimen showing an impression of a part of sternum and male abdomen; also impression of a palm which may not belong to the same individual.
This specimen was at one time encased in a nodule which later was broken and eroded until finally the crab itself was liberated. The triangular, compressed, waterworn fragment in hand contains the remnants (impressions or fragments) of about half a crab, the right half, three smaller openings showing evidences of ambulatory legs while the larger openings expose the position of the manus and the ventral surface of the body as described above.
HEMIGRAPSUS NUDUS (Dana)
Pseudograpsus nudus DANA, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 5, 1851, p. 249.
Hemigrapsus nudus Scumitt, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 23, 1921, p. 273, pl. 47, text-fig. 161, and synonymy.—T. S. Oxproyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 238.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; 17 movable fingers; Cat. No. 353359, U.S.N.M.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; six movable fingers.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; upper San Pedro formation; one movable finger.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; one left manus, fingers and wrist of a small specimen; Cat. No. 353358, U.S.N.M.
Range of Recent specimens.—F rom Sitka to Gulf of California.
HEMIGRAPSUS OREGONENSIS (Dana)
Pseudograpsus oregonensis DANA, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sei. Philadelphia, vol. 5, 1851, p. 248.
Hemigrapsus oregonensis Scumitt, Univ. California Publ. Zodl., vol. 238, 1921, p. 274, pl. 48, text-fig. 162, and synonymy.—T. 8S. Ouproyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series: 3020—26——_4
34 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; 70 movable, 14 immovable fingers; Cat. No. 3538360, U.S.N.M.
San Pedro; two movable, two immovable fingers; Cat. No. 353378, U.S.N.M.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; three movable, three immovable fingers.
The specimens enumerated above are probably in part H. nudus, as they are much worn and difficult to determine.
Range of Recent specimens.—F rom Prince William Sound, Alaska, to Todos Santos Bay, Lower California.
Family PINNOTHERIDAE de Haan
Of small size. Carapace often more or less membranaceous, antero- lateral margins entire or very slightly dentate. Front, orbits, and eyestalks very small, corneae sometimes obsolescent. Buccal cavity usually very wide, often semicircular. Merus of outer maxilliped never quadrilateral, the palp never attached distinctly at antero- internal angle; ischium usually small, sometimes absent or fused with merus. Interantennular septum a thin plate. Male abdomen very narrow. Male openings sternal.
Genus PINNIXA White
CLAM CRABS
Pinnixa Waits, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 18, 1846, p. 177; type, P. eylind- rica White——RaATHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 97, 1918, p. 128.
Carapace much wider than long; front narrow; orbit broadly ovate or nearly circular, eyes small. Merus of outer maxilliped large, ischium very small, palp large. Cheliped stout, palm com- pressed. Third ambulatory leg longest, second next.
Eocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
PINNIXA EOCENICA, new species
Plate 1, figs. 3 and 4
Description.—Carapace transversely oblong (pl. 1, fig. 3), broad- est at the middle, the antero-lateral margins strongly arched, the posterior margin slightly convex; surface very convex antero-pos- teriorly, almost level from side to side, hinder portion steep (pl. 1, fig. 4). The groove separating the gastric from the hepatic and branchial regions is broad and deep and is continued part way be- side the cardiac region. Branchio-hepatic line little marked. Sur- face except in the depressions finely granulate, the granules higher and rougher on the posterior two-thirds of the branchial region.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 30
Branchio-cardiac border separately raised and crossed by many short, fine wrinkles. Epigastric lobes faintly marked; anterior end of mesogastric region outlined. Behind front and orbits a shallow, transverse depression. Antero-lateral margin drawn to a thin sharp edge. Outer angle of orbit obtuse, shallow, little advanced. Front divided in two by a deep median thumb-nail impression, and from the orbit by a broader depression; edge convex. Upper mar- gin of orbit nearly transverse. Orbits looking forward, tapering outwardly, filled by the eyes.
Measurements.—Holotype, length of carapace 6 mm., width of same 8.4 mm., fronto-orbital width 4.3 mm., width of front 1.8 mm.
Occurrence.—W ashington: West bank of Olequa Creek about one- eighth mile north of Vader Station, Lewis County; section 29, town- ship 11 north, range 2 west; Eocene series; one carapace, holotype, in University of Washington.
Relation—In its oblong shape this species is comparable to that of the female of P. faba,’ now living on the coast of Washington including Puget Sound, but faba is a smooth species without an antero-lateral rim, or any striking features of the carapace.
Family GONEPLACIDAE Rathbun (GONOPLACIDAE Dana)
Palp of external maxillipeds articulating at or near antero-internal angle of merus; exognath of normal size and not concealed. In- terantennular septum a thin plate. Division of orbit into two fossae usually not indicated. Genital ducts of male usually perforate base of last pair of legs, often passing forward through a groove in sternum.
Genus PLAGIOLOPHUS Bell
Pilagiolophus Brett, Monog. Fossil Malae. Crust. Great Britain, 1857 (publ. April, 1858), p. 19; type, P. wetherelli Bell, 1857.
Carapace transverse, ovate, regions distinct; front prominent; or- bits opening forward, above bifissured, extending outward as far as middle of hepatic region. Basal article of outer antenna closing orbit. Chelipeds of medium size, fingers elongate.
Cretaceous; Eocene pekbiesene.
PLAGIOLOPHUS WEAVERI, new species Plate 9, figs. 5 and 6
Cancer? species WEAVER, Univ. California Publ. Geol., vol. 4, No. 5, 1905, p. 123), pl. 18; fig. 11°
Cancer (?), species @ DicKERSON, Univ. California Publ. Geol., vol. 9, No 17, 1916, pp. 427, 434, 516, pl. 42, fig. 11.
Description —Carapace broad, antero-lateral margins short, half as long as postero-lateral margins, which are moderately convergent
® Dana, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadeiphia, vol. 5, 1851, p. 253 [7].
36 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
(pl. 9, fig. 6). Surface lobulate, as follows: One hepatic lobule, obliquely transversely oval; one epibranchial, parallel to the hepatic but wider, and having partly attached to its inner end at right angles a small mesobranchial lobule which occupies the inner angle of the branchial region; the metabranchial region is almost covered by a large lobule. The protogastric lobes each have two linear parallel tubercles, the inner pair longer than the outer and near the inner edge of the subregion, the outer pair rising in the middle to a subacute tubercle; narrow part of mesogastric region constricted, end acuminate, terminating in a broad frontal furrow; metagastric lobes each crossed by an oblique line of about seven coarse granules. The cardiac region bears three acute tubercles forming an equi- Jateral triangle, the posterior tubercle median. The regions and most of the lobules are separated by deep, broad furrows and are covered with fine depressed granules. The three antero-lateral teeth are set off by a furrow; the first or orbital tooth points forward, the second is shorter and points obliquely forward and outward; while the third, at the lateral angle, is directed outward and upward. Outside the epibranchial lobe there is a small low lobule just above the postero-lateral margin beyond which it does not project. Front well advanced beyond orbit, subtruncate, medially furrowed; the orbital margin slopes gradually backward tothe outer tooth, except for a shallow prominence near its middle; eyestalk stout (3993). Posterior margin concave between attachments of legs of last pair.
The smallest specimen (5682) is less than 5 mm. long; the lobules are arranged as in the holotype, the front is advanced and sub- truncate, details of lateral teeth are obscured.
The largest specimen—that figured by Weaver—shows the entire outline of the orbit with its strong, outer, conical tooth, also the lateral teeth and areolations of the carapace (pl. 9, fig. 5).
Measurements.—Length of carapace of holotype in median line, front probably incomplete, 14 mm.; greatest width of same, at last pair of lateral teeth, 20 mm.; width across front and orbits 17 mm. Width of carapace of specimen from Loc. 1817, 23.2 mm.; of carapace +343,, 28.2 mm.
Occurrence.—California; Eocene series:
Salt Creek, 314 miles north-northeast of Joaquin Rocks, Fresno County; south part of northwest quarter, section 15, township 18 south, range 14 east; Eocene series; 1909; one carapace, holotype; Cat. No. 353351, U.S.N.M.
Salt Creek, 814 miles northwest of Oil City, Fresno County; cara- pace of very small specimen; Cat. No. 353352, U.S.N.M.
Southeast quarter of northwest quarter of section 15, on branch of Salt Creek, township 18 south, range 14 east, Mount Diablo base line and meridian, Coalinga Quadrangle, Fresno County; near base
| |
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 37
of Tejon formation, middle Eocene, 75 to 100 feet above chocolate shales of probably Chico age, in a glauconitic sandstone stratum in clay shale; eight specimens, one of which is figured by Dickerson.
Salt Creek, southwest quarter, section 10; middle Eocene; dactyl of ambulatory leg which may belong to this species; Cat. No. 353639, U.S.N.M.
About 4 miles south of Martinez and east of the road to Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County; upper beds, Martinez formation; one specimen, figured by Weaver.
Two miles east of La Jolla, in bottom of Rose Creek where the creek makes a strong bend to the west; just west of the Brick Plant. On the La Jolla topographic sheet, 0.2 mile south of B. M. 176; middie Eocene; one small specimen and impression.
Relation —P. wetherelli Bell, the type of the genus, from the Eocene of southeastern England, has lobules of different shape and an additional antero-lateral tooth or lobe.
PLAGIOLOPHUS VANCOUVERENSIS Woodward Plate 20, figs. 1 and 2
Plagiolophus vancouverensis Woopwarp, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London,
vol. 52, 1896, p. 227, text-figs. 5 and 6—WHITEAVES, Mesozoic fossils, vol.
1, pt. 5; Geol. Surv. Canada, Ottawa, 1903, p. 315, text-figs. 15 and 16.
Type-localities—British Columbia; Comox River, Vancouver
Island, and Hornby Island; Cretaceous. Specimens in Provincial
Museum, Victoria, and in Museum of the Geological Society of Ottawa.
Genus PILUMNOPLAX Stimpson
Pilumnoplaz Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 10, 1858, p. 98; type, P. sulcatifrons Stimpson.—RATHBUN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 97, 1918, p. 21.
Carapace hexagonal, depressed; fronto-orbital border two-thirds as broad as the carapace; antero-lateral margin dentate; front straight. Chelipeds more massive than legs; legs slender, dactyli compressed. :
Eocene; Oligocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
KEY TO THE FOSSIL SPECIES OF PILUMNOPLAX
A’. Third and fourth antero-lateral teeth of carapace acute, third promi- MOT Se ee st inane teaser Lee ALT ise ese fie th of td hannibalanus, p. 39. A’. Third and fourth antero-lateral teeth blunt.
B’. Edge of front not dentate. First antero-lateral tooth (at outer angle of orbit), subrectangular ; second tooth low, scarcely distinguishable from outer slope of first tooth, with which it is fused.
carmanahensis, p. 38.
10 Monog. Foss. Malac. Crust. Great Britain, pt. 1, 1857 (publ. April, 1858), p. 19, pl. 2, figs. 7-13.
38 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
B’. Edge of front bilobed, each lobe with a small tooth at inner angle. First antero-lateral tooth acute; second tooth or lobe with a long DOStELIOT Ss S10 PO Re see Ne ee pe soledadensis, p. 41.
PILUMNOPLAX CARMANAHENSIS, new specics Plate 9, figs. 1-4
Description.—The dorsal surface of carapace and chelipeds has been worn or ground off (pl. 9, fig. 2); the regions are fairly well shown especially the hepatic region which is nearly oblong, its anterior margin appearing like a ridge above the deep furrow behind the orbit; this furrow is continued around the orbits and front. Gastric region well marked, and also the anterior part of the meso- gastric region which is very narrow with parallel sides and then tapers gradually to a sharp point; cardiac and metagastric regions indistinct. A linear median impression on the surface of the front: a broad furrow separates the surface of the front from that of the orbit. Edge of front transverse; orbit oblique, its details obscure; outer angle of orbit almost a right angle and.much less advanced than the front. Including the orbital tooth there are on the lateral margin five teeth or protuberances as there are also in most of the Panopeids; the second is a shallow lobe which is fused with the first or orbital tooth to form a sinuous margin; the last three teeth are dentiform, thick and blunt, the last one the smallest, about oppo- site the widest part of the metagastric region.
Chelipeds very unequal, the right the larger (pl. 9, fig. 3). Its merus extends obliquely forward to the line of the front, and is thick and high, the outer surface rounding into the lower surface; just within the oblique distal margin of the outer surface there is a deep smooth furrow, and the lower distal angle is produced in a promi- nent articulating lobe set off by a groove; surface of merus irregu- larly granulate. Carpus also granulate on the small piece of sur- face remaining (pl. 9, fig. 1); the angle of the inner margin is situated behind its middle, as is so frequently the case in this and related genera; a deep furrow parallel to distal margin. Manus very high, moderately compressed, widening distally, upper surface convex, smoothly rounded, lower margin nearly straight, surface covered with very fine granules arranged in a reticulating pattern. Of the fingers only a small bit of the proximal end of each remains; they are black and more closely granulate than the palm; the dac- tylus shows a superior punctate groove and a deeper lateral (outer) groove, also a row of punctae between grooves. ‘The merus of the left or minor cheliped reaches very little farther forward than the third of the five lateral teeth of the carapace; the carpus has in its dorsal aspect less than half the area of the major carpus; while the palm is only about half as high as the major palm, is consider-
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 39
ably shorter and its granulation coarser, the upper margin is con- vex, the lower sinuous. The fingers are long, narrow, slightly de- flexed, meeting when closed or nearly so; they are black except the base of the dactylus, longitudinally deeply grooved, a row of punctae in each groove; intervening ridges high; two ridges on _ outer surface of each finger while a third ridge is visible above the dactylus; prehensile edges dentate; on the fixed finger there are three larger subacute teeth with concave sides, with one or two small teeth in the interspaces.
The merus of the first left ambulatory leg reaches forward nearly as far as the carpus of the cheliped (pl. 9, fig. 4).
Measurements.—Holotype male, width of carapace 23.3 mm., length (approximate) 19 mm., width of front 7.4 mm., transverse width of orbit 4 mm., superior length of major manus 11.6 mm., height of same 11 mm., height of major merus 6.7 mm., superior length of minor manus 7 mm., height of same 6 mm.
Occurrence.—British Columbia: Sandstone shale sea cliffs for 3 miles west of Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; Oligocene series; one specimen "! showing carapace and chelipeds, holotype, in Stan- ford University.
felation—This has many points in common with P. americana,” as, for example, the straight front, oblique orbits, very unequal chelipeds, one massive, the other narrow and more coarsely granu- late; above all the fingers of the small chela correspond to those of the Recent species in the character of the grooves and ridges and the dentation of the immoyable finger.
PILUMNOPLAX HANNIBALANUS, new species Plate 10, figs. 1-4
Description.—Carapace chiefly flat and little areolated (pl. 10, figs. 1 and 3). The branchial regions are slightly swollen, the sur- face is deflexed along the postero-lateral borders, the antero-lateral teeth are slightly upturned. Surface a little depressed behind front and orbits; between this depression and the angle of the front a short oblique groove; a deep furrow forming the sides of an hour- glass at the gastro-cardiac regions; and outside of, and parallel to that, a narrow swelling. Some fine granulation evident along ante- rior and antero-lateral margins.
Margin of front slightly arcuate forward, corners deflexed; margin of orbit very oblique, somewhat concave, a suture leading almost
“4 This and all other specimens derived from the “ N. Pac.’ survey by Stanford Univer- sity were submitted to the author by Prof. Bruce L. Clark, of the University of California. 13 Pilumnoplar americanus Rathbun, Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa, vol. 4.
1898, p. 283, pl. 7, figs. 1 and 2.
40 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
straight back at its outer third; outer angle not dentiform, scarcely advanced, so that the orbit is very slightly separated from the antero-lateral margin. Coalesced (first plus second) tooth a little longer than orbit, with slightly concave edge, outer corner subrec- _ tangular; third tooth projecting more than half its length beyond the second, anterior margin a little concave, oblique, posterior mar- gin strongly convex, tip acute; fourth tooth appears to be similar but smaller; the fifth tooth still smaller (f, pl. 10, fig. 1). Postero- lateral margins arcuate, convergent, posterior margin sinuous, con- cave at middle.
Chelipeds very unequal, the right the larger. Surface granu- late. Merus stout, upper margin bearing a distal and a subdistal tooth (d and s, pl. 10, fig. 1) separated by a deep transverse groove. Carpus also with a deep subdistal groove and a conical acute inner spine. Major manus with very convex outer surface; border thick, without marginal line, gradually rounding from the outer to the inner surface, and in profile shghtly arcuate; lower border nearly straight, slightly sinuous; proximal end very oblique, terminating at either corner in a backward-pointing lobe, the lower one especially produced (pl. 10, fig. 2); distal end partly visible, a large lobe (J, pl. 10, fig. 2) overlapping the outer surface of the dactylus. The base of the dactylus is light-colored; a stout basal tooth is black and points backward, it is followed by seven other teeth which are indi- cated only by impressions in the matrix; the first of these is largest but smaller than the basal tooth, the other teeth are irregular in size. Of the minor chela only the upper portion of the manus and the white and granulate basal end of the dactylus are visible. A slender merus (7, pl. 10, fig. 2) of the first right ambulatory reaches as far as the arm alongside.
Paratype a—This specimen of the same width as the holotype agrees with it in the main so far as it goes. A band of closer granu- iation than that of the general surface borders the front and antero- lateral margins. The outer orbital angle is more pronounced, form- ing a small forward-pointing tooth. The third lateral tooth does not extend so far beyond the second tooth (or lobe) as in the holo- type, the fourth extends a shorter distance beyond the third, while the fifth does not project at all beyond the fourth. The narrow portion of the mesogastric region is faintly outlined; it tapers gradually to an acuminate point. The left appears to be the major cheliped, the merus (pl. 10, fig. 4) measures 11.4 mm. long above, and the impression of the chela 27 mm. long below.
Paratype b—The frontal and right antero-lateral portion of the carapace of a larger specimen remain, but much defaced. The outer orbital angle is stronger than in paratype a and the relation of the third to the second lateral tooth is the same as in that specimen.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 4]
Measurements—Holotype, male (probably), length of carapace 25 mm., width of same between tips of teeth of last pair 31.2 mm., width of front 12 mm., oblique width of orbit 4.3 mm., superior length of major manus 12 mm., height of same 10.6 mm., length of dactylus exclusive of tip broken off 12 mm., superior length of minor manus 8.6 mm.
Occurrence.—W ashington : Conglomerate sea cliffs at Koitlah Point west of Neah Bay; lower (?) Oligocene series; one specimen, para- type a, showing half the carapace and part of the chelipeds.
Washington: Sandy shale bluffs along Cowlitz River, 144 miles below mouth of Drew Creek, Olequa; Eocene series; one specimen, paratype b, showing a fragment of carapace, of arm and of merus of three ambulatory legs.
Oregon: Basalt tuffs cut on the Tillamook branch, Southern Pacific Railway, one mile east of Wheeler, Nehalem Bay; middle (7?) Oligocene series; one specimen, holotype, showing a large part of carapace and chelipeds; in Stanford University.
Relation —This species differs from P. carmanahensis in the flat hepatic region, more arched front, shallower orbit, subrectangular second antero-lateral tooth, and elongate hand.
PILUMNOPLAX SOQLEDADENSIS, new species
Plate 12
Description One male specimen (holotype) embedded in rock, showing dorsal view of carapace and portions of chelipeds and legs. The sternum was broken from its place and is turned backward behind the carapace. An impression of the same specimen shows the outline of the front and bears the actual movable finger of the major cheliped. Surface of carapace finely roughened with de- pressed granules. Mesogastric region defined by shallow furrows, from it a median furrow runs to the front margin. A swelling behind each lobe of the front; lobes well separated by a U-shaped interspace, their edges granulate, slightly oblique and sinuous, each lobe with a small, prominent tooth at inner angle, which is separated by a shallow sinus from the rounded outer corner (pl. 12, fig. 2). Outer angle of orbit acute, its outer margin fused with the second antero-lateral tooth forming an obtuse angle; third tooth slightly obtusangled, its anterior margin two-thirds as long as posterior; fourth tooth similar, but anterior margin shorter; fifth tooth very small, rectangular, directed outward. Postero-lateral margin longer than antero-lateral, convex (pl. 12, fig. 1).
The chelipeds appear unequal, the right the larger; the right merus has a blunt, superior subdistal tooth; the left carpus is of equal width and length, with an inner marginal spine halfway back;
42 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
the right dactylus (pl. 12, fig. 2) is almost black, its inner surface is visible, a deeply impressed line is parallel and close to the upper margin; lower down there is a broader groove on the proximal half; a huge, blunt, subconical basal tooth is directed obliquely inward, downward and backward; remaining teeth unequal, the first and third from the basal tooth being the largest; the dactylus gradually narrows and curves well down at the extremity. The merus of the ambulatory legs narrows rapidly at the proximal end and gradually at the distal end.
Measurements—Male holotype, length to median sinus of front 22.8 mm., width at level of fourth (next to the posterior) tooth 29 mm., fronto-orbital width 15.9 mm., width of front 7.9 mm., length of merus of an ambulatory (perhaps third) leg 19.8 mm., leneth of dactylus of major cheliped 11.8 mm.
Occurrence.—California: 21% miles south of the mouth of Soledad Valley in the sea cliff; on the La Jolla topographic sheet, due west of half way between the “p” and “u” in Pueblo (south of the mouth of Soledad Valley) in sea cliff facing ocean. Eocene series. Holotype in University of California.
Genus BRANCHIOPLAX Rathbun
Branchioplar Ratupun, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 41, 1916, p. 344; type, B. washingtoniana Rathbun.
Carapace a little broader than long; anterior margin arcuate. Orbits of moderate size, broadly oval, looking straight forward; eyes stout, filling orbits. Antero-lateral margins dentate, shorter than postero-lateral margins which are moderately convergent with the posterior angles rounded. Front not emarginate. Regions well defined, branchial regions swollen dorsally and approximate. Cheli- peds unequal, of moderate length, carpus not much broader than long, manus high. Related to Hucrate de Haan; '* type L’. crenata de Haan, a Japanese species.
Contains only one species.
BRANCHIOPLAX WASHINGTONIANA Rathbun Plate 9, fig. 7 Branchioplaxz washingtoniana RaTHBUN, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 41, 1916, p.
345, 1 text-fig.
Description—Surface of carapace everywhere granulate, the eranules running larger and higher toward the margins and espe- cially on the postero-lateral slope. The depressions in the center of the carapace on either side of the gastro-cardiac area are deep.
143Wauna Japon., Crust., 1835, p. 36.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 43
| - Metabranchial lobe large and dorsally much swollen, separated by a curved, transverse furrow from the mesobranchial lobe which in turn is separated from the hepatic and epibranchial lobes by a furrow subparallel to the other. Epibranchial lobe depressed, hepatic region low; anterior half of the narrow mesogastric lobe well defined. A shallow furrow separates the epigastric lobes. An oblique lobe at inner angle of branchial region.
Outlines: Margin of front shghtly arcuate and unevenly granu- late. A furrow between upper surface of front and of orbit. Outer angle of orbit obtuse, from it the lateral margin is oblique and nearly straight for a ways and ends in a rounded, nonprojecting lobe, which is separated from the next tooth by a closed fissure; three similar acute teeth, two of which are of good size, the last one small and little projecting; it is right angled and has a sharp horny tip. These teeth are perfect only in the Stewart specimen. Of the other speci- mens only two (males out of 2938 and 167) have the last tooth de- veloped (pl. 9, fig. 7). Of the postero-lateral margin that portion bordering the mesobranchial lobe is straight and directed somewhat inward and backward, the margin of the metabranchial lobe is arcuate and curves into the posterior margin, which is slightly arcuate and in the middle nearly straight.
Appendages: Only a hint is given, in one specimen of No. 167, of the form of the outer maxillipeds; the ischium appears broad and its inner margin strongly curved; only the outer half of a merus is shown, it 1s not dilated at the outer angle. The unequal chelipeds are stout, the merus projects little beyond the body, the carpus is rounded and has a bluntly rounded inner angle, perhaps not a tooth; manus thick, dactylus stout. The separate dactylus, No. 4135, is about 14 mm. long, tip excluded, tapers-from a stout base to a slender extremity and has a large, backward-pointing, appressed, basal tooth followed by five smaller low teeth, all rounded. Surface of chelipeds and merus of ambulatory legs granulate.
Ventral surface: The sternum is very elongate and has a trans- verse furrow between the bases of the maxillipeds and an obtuse angled and slightly curved furrow between the bases of the chelipeds. Sternum granulate, abdomen of male smooth and coarsely punctate except the first and outer ends of the second and third segments which are granulate. The abdominal segments are all distinct; the first and third are about the same width, the second and third are the same length at the middle, the fourth and fifth a little longer, subequal; the sixth and seventh still longer and subequal; the fourth, fifth, and sixth segments taken together are suboblong, narrowing but little, the seventh is subtriangular, about twice as wide as long.
Measurements.—Largest specimen, male No. 4135, length 45 mm., width 47 mm., merus of second ambulatory leg 26 mm.
44 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Occurrence.—Alaska: West end of Bering Lake; probably Oligo- cene; six specimens, mostly impressions; Cat. No. 353326, U.S.N.M.
Washington: Port Townsend; “late Tertiary ”; Clallam forma- tion, lower Oligocene series, according to B. L. Clark; one specimen, holotype, in Yale Museum; plastotype in United States National Museum.
Washington: Conglomerate seacliffs at Koitlah Point, west of Neah Bay; lower (?) Oligocene series; three males without ap- pendages.
Washington: In shale near station 214, Koitlah Point, 114 miles northwest of Neah Bay, Clallam County; “ Oligocene-Miocene,” one male and impression; also a finger which may belong to the same species. Cat. No. 353327, U.S.N.M. This crab was at one time enclosed in a nodule; subsequently the nodule split in two exposing the dorsal surface of the body and some of the legs which later became thinly encrusted with mud which hardened; by erosion the anterior part of the dorsal surface of the body was worn away leaving the antennules, interantennular septum and bases of antennae visible from above; the body has since been broken away from the nodule exposing its ventral surface and an impression of the same.
Washington: 114 miles east of Vader, Lewis County, in the bank of the Cowlitz River, just below the big bend; Cowlitz formation, upper Eocene; one male, with the sternum and a small part of the carapace exposed.
Washington: Southwestern part, at the type-locality of the Cow- htz formation, upper Eocene; one male, body only, in which the outer shell of the dorsal surface of the carapace is well preserved except in the anterior and antero-lateral portions.
Genus EUCRATE de Haan
EHucrate DE HAAN, Fauna Japon., Crust., 1835, p. 86; type, Hucrate crenata de Haan.
Carapace deep, subquadrilateral, convex fore and aft; fronto- orbital border nearly as broad as carapace; antero-lateral borders toothed and slightly arched; front straight. Orbital hiatus closed by a process from basal antennal joint. Chelipeds much more mas- sive than legs. The third abdominal segment of male covers the whole width of the sternum.
Oligocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
EUCRATE MARTINI, new species
Plate 8, figs. 2 and 3
Description—F¥ront nearly straight, rounded at the corners (pl. 8, fig. 3). Outer angle and lower inner angle of orbit equally
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 45
advanced but not reaching line of front. Inner angle of orbit swol- len, conical. Antero-lateral teeth small, blunt, obscure, apparently three in number, almost equidistant from the orbital angle and one another. Basal article of antennules much swollen in the outer half; narrow portion of interseptum with subparallel sides. The basal article of the antennae does not reach the edge of the front. Ischium of outer maxillipeds narrow behind, increasing in width distally; a deep, straight, impressed line, subparallel to and near the inner margin (pl. 8, fig. 2). Merus very uneven, a deep oval depres- sion on inner half; a small emargination at the inner angle for the palp; otherwise quadrangular. Sternum rather narrow; a deep ob- tuse-angled groove unites the anterior bases of the chelipeds. The abdomen as now folded nearly reaches this groove; terminal seg- ment two-thirds as long as broad, end rounded; penult segment about two-thirds as long as the last; fourth and fifth segments much shorter.
The chelipeds of the female are of moderate size, unequal. ‘The merus stretches its full length beyond the carapace; it is short and high and rises in a conical lobe above a little distad to the middle. Carpus large, longer than broad, inner angle well forward and seemingly unarmed. Manus of larger cheliped shorter than carpus, upper and inner surfaces convex, upper longitudinal outline arcuate. Merus of legs long and narrow, oval in section; a single dactylus is slender and strongly curved.
Measurements.—Female holotype, length of body from margin of front to line of attachment of second legs 25 mm., greatest width of carapace 29.6 mm., width between outer angles of orbits 15.7 mm., width of front 8.6 mm., distance between attachments of legs of second pair 16 mm.
Occurrence—Oregon: Rocky Point, 4 miles east of Yaquina City; Oligocene series; one female embedded in nodule so that the under side of body is exposed together with impressions of the chelipeds; the other half cf the nodule shows the impression of the ventral surface of the body and the actual upper surface of the chelipeds in part. Holotype in California Academy of Sciences.
Relation.—I have placed this species in /’ucrate on account of its general shape, the small teeth, the groove on the sternum, the short arms and palms. One must see the dorsal surface of the carapace to place it with certainty.
Genus COELOMA A. Milne Edwards
Coeloma A. MILNE Epwarps, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., ser. 5, vol. 3, 1865, p. 324; type, C. vigil A. Milne Edwards.
Carapace wider than long, fronto-orbital distance great; front dentate; orbits wider than front, bifissured above; antero-lateral
46 BULLETIN 188, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
margins short, dentate, postero-lateral margins convergent. Cheli- peds stout. Ambulatory legs long, slender, compressed. Abdomen at base covers sternum between last pair of legs.
Eocene; Oligocene; Pliocene.
COELOMA MARTINEZENSIS, new species
Plate 11, figs. 1-3
Description.—The hexagonal carapace (pl. 11, fig. 2) is wider across the front and orbits than along the posterior margin, the postero-lateral margins being strongly convergent; the antero-lateral margin is about two-thirds as long as the postero-lateral. The gastric region is narrow, only one-third as wide as the carapace and is separated by a wide and deep furrow from the branchio-hepatic regions. Hepatic regions mostly swollen, defined posteriorly by a sinuous furrow running inward from behind the second lateral tooth, and by a pit half way between the end of that furrow and the gastric margin. The greater part of the branchial region is moderately swollen, a depressed area both in front of and behind the swelling. A deep median furrow proceeds from the mesogastric region to the edge of the front, while a shallower furrow embraces the inner part of the orbital region. The surface is covered with rather close set, prominent and unequal granules.
The front is less than one-third as wide as the fronto-orbital dis- tance, it is deflexed, deeply bilobed, each lobe itself bilobed, but the exact shape of these lobules is obscure. The upper border of the broad orbit is directed slightly forward toward the outer tooth and shows distinctly two emarginations, between and behind which there is a small, triangular depressed area. The outer tooth points directly forward, its outer margin is longer than its inner, the next two teeth on the lateral margin are directed obliquely outward; these three teeth are nearly triangular with subacute tips; fourth or last tooth directed outward, tips broken off.
Chelipeds very unequal, the right the larger; merus joints project- ing little beyond carapace; carpus broader than long, inner angle prolonged in a tooth or spine, outer angle blunt and rather promi- nent, upper surface covered with reticulating ridges. The larger palm (pl. 11, fig. 8) is very thick and very little longer, measured on its middle distance, than the fingers; it widens from the proximal to the distal end, the upper edge very convex, the lower sinuous to end of finger; lower third of outer surface of manus and also finger flat; remainder of manus very convex especially in a vertical direc- tion. The propodal finger has a broad, basal half, its prehensile edge shows seven lobes, its thick tip is upeurved. The dactylus is curved, but may have fitted the immovable finger when closed against it,
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 47
it bears a larger, backward-pointing, basal lobe, and several smallish lobes. The upper half of the minor palm appears of similar shape to the major one, its superior length is about four-sevenths that of the major palm.
Only the impressions of the merus of the first and second legs of the right side are visible; they are long and narrow, the second one reaching to the lateral spine of the carapace.
The sternum is nearly flat, the male abdomen small, with all seven segments distinct, the third segment reaching apparently across the sternum to the coxae of the hind legs (pl. 11, fig. 1).
Measurements.—Length of carapace, in median line, of male holo- type 32 mm.; width at sinus immediately in front of spine or tooth at lateral angle, this spine being incomplete on both sides of the carapace, 42.5 mm.; height of right or major manus near distal end 20.2 mm.
Occurrence—California; Rock Creek quadrangle; Martinez for- mation (the lowest Eocene formation of California) ; one male speci- men, showing the greater part of the body and chelipeds; holotype, Cat. No. 353370, U.S.N.M.
Relation—tThis species resembles most the type species of the genus, C. vigil A. Milne Edwards,'* from the Eocene of northern Italy. Our species differs in its narrower orbits and consequently more oblique antero-lateral margin, in the shorter postero-lateral margin (which in @. vigil is about twice as long as the antero-lateral margin); in the greater inequality of the chelipeds of the male;'* and in the narrower abdomen of the male.
Family XANTHIDAE Alcock
Carapace more or less transversely oval; front moderately broad, often toothed, in the latter case always with a median notch; antero- lateral margins arcuate, armed with several lobes, teeth or spines. Antennules fold back transversely or obliquely. Fingers of cheli- peds more or less curved.
Genus ZANTHOPSIS M’Coy
Zanthopsis M’Coy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. 4, 1849, p. 162; type, Z. leachii (Desmarest).
Carapace very convex, oval, furnished with a definite number of large tubercles or bosses. A few tubercles or lobes on antero-lateral margin. Front quadrilobate. Chelipeds massive, fingers pointed. Third, fourth, and fifth segments of male abdomen fused.
Cretaceous; Oligocene.
144 Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 5, Zool., vol. 3, 1865, p. 324, pl. 12, figs. 1-3.
15 See Bittner, Denksch. k. Akad. Wiss., math.-naturw. Cl., vol. 34, Abth. 2, Wien, 1875, pl. 5, figs. 1 and 3.
48 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
ZANTHOPSIS VULGARIS, new species
Plates 18 and 14
Description.—Outlines of carapace: Carapace very much arched from front to back, less so from side to side. Anterior and antero- lateral margins form almost a semicircle (pl. 18, fig. 1); antero- lateral margins very thick, cut into four lobes, the one nearest the orbit broad and shallow, the others increasing in prominence to the lobe at the lateral angle which is about midway of the length of the carapace. Postero-lateral margins moderately convergent, slightly convex. Front between a fourth and a fifth as wide as the carapace, with a triangular median sinus forming two oblique lobes, each composed of two teeth or lobes separated by a broad shallow sinus; the submedian teeth are rounded and larger than the outer teeth, which tend toward acuteness (pl. 13, fig. 2).
Areolation of carapace: The deepest furrows on the dorsal surface of the carapace consist of two crescentic, impressed lines separating the branchial from the metagastric-urogastric-cardiac regions. The postero-lateral borders of the cardiac region are marked by a wrinkled fold in a broad depression. The largest areole of the carapace occupies the posterior part (about half) of the branchial region and is subcircular and nearly as high, in many instances quite as high, as the cardiac region.** The metagastric region, which is not separated from the narrow mesogastric region, lies at the highest part of the carapace; either side of it there is a small round branchial areole less high. Between this and the large areole and the crescentic groove there is a narrow, low, curved areole pointed behind. On the epibranchial region there is an oblong, elongate areole, obliquely tranversely placed, separated by the broad cervical suture from the postero-external angle of the protogastric region, and from the lateral marginal lobe by an equally deep furrow; this elongate lobe is a distinguishing feature of the species. The greater part of the hepatic region is occupied by a single elevation separated from the marginal lobes. The gastric subdivisions are separated by shallow furrows; the mesogastric region has an acuminate point from which a groove is continued to the frontal border. In specimens which have the outer layer of shell preserved, the areoles are shown to be abundantly but not closely covered with unequal granules, the interspaces are smooth. The coarsest granulation is on the postero- lateral portions of the carapace.
Orbits, antennae, and maxillipeds: The orbit is broad-oval, its greatest length is about equal to half the width of the front. Edge
16The branchial lobes are often considerably swollen (pl. 14), having the appearance of being infested by a parasite. As the swellings are in each case equally developed on both sides of the carapace, their presence is more likely due to adaptation to an arid condition existing at the time of their destruction,
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THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 49
of front and orbits granulate, granules interrupted just outside the outer tooth of the front and in the line of the closed fissure in the orbit. Outer angle of orbit not dentiform; inner inferior angle produced in a spine. The eyes appear to fill the orbits. Below and behind the outer, bent-down angle of the front lies the basal article of the antenna; while between the two is wedged the outer angle of the large, swollen, basal article of the antennula. The merus of the outer maxillipeds (British Columbia, No. 141) is broader than long, anterior and posterior margins subparallel, antero-external angle laterally produced, antero-internal angle notched; inner and outer margins of ischium subparallel, a deep, oblique furrow runs on the inner half, its distal end much nearer the inner margin than its proximal end; exognath in its widest part half as wide as ischium of endognath.
Sternum and abdomen: The sternum shows on its first or anterior
_ segment, a deeply impressed groove on either side which starts at the
anterior margin of the cheliped at its insertion and follows the line of that margin, the two grooves becoming shallow as they approach the median line, and meeting in an obtuse angle (pl. 13, fig. 3). A shallow groove begins at each of the postero-lateral angles of the same sternal segment, and runs obliquely forward and inward. In only one specimen, a female (N. Pac. 253) is the whole sternum exposed; the genital openings are very large, not quite round, with a diameter of about 4.5 mm. parallel to the anterior margin of the segment and a diameter of 3.7 mm. in the opposite direction.
In the male the seven abdominal segments are distinct; the third segment is widest; the abdomen diminishes rather uniformly from the middle of the third segment to the end of the sixth, the distal angles of which are advanced a littie about the angles of the seventh segment; this segment is subtriangular, with slightly sinuous sides and a broadly rounded tip. The third, fourth and fifth segments are of subequal length although none of them is of uniform length throughout its width.
in the female the third segment is narrower than the fourth and its margins converge considerably at the outer ends. The fifth seg- ment is a little longer than the fourth and of about equal width; IN ohe specimen it appears a little wider, in another specimen not quite so wide as the fourth; the sixth is as wide as the fifth (pl. 13, fig. 3).
Chelipeds: The chelipeds are very unequal in the male; both are massive, their surface is granulated, the granules forming more or less into lines. The merus is stout, increases in size from the proximal to the distal end and has a broad and deep furrow par- allel to the distal end. The carpus also has a subdistal furrow and a rounded, inner angle. The major palm is thick, oval in section,
oU BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
increasing in height from proximal to distal end, where a rounded lobe projects over the dactylus. Both fingers are a dark bluish- black except at the proximal end (British Columbia, No. 141) ; their horizontal length is less than the middle length of the paim; they are inclined gently downward, the tips curving toward each other and crossing; there are a few longitudinal rows of punctae; the long- est tooth is at the base of the dactylus, succeeding teeth few and very shallow, lobiform; teeth or lobes on fixed finger five in number, diminishing in size toward extremity of finger.
The chelipeds of the female (pl. 18, fig. 3) are smaller in propor- tion to the size of the carapace than those of the male, and the palms are shorter and more rotund, not highest at the distal end (Wash- ington, Nos. 187 and 253).
Ambulatory legs: These are long and slender (No. 253), differing little in length. The coxa and ischium are granulate near the distal end. The merus is long, narrow, compressed, its cross-section two- thirds as wide in its widest part as it is long, outer surface nearly smooth, a shallow furrow through the middle of the flat, posterior surtace. The propodus is about half as long as the merus, its median furrow is deeper; the carpus is a little shorter than the propodus. The dactylus is probably about as long as the carpus, but the ends of all of them are lacking; the median groove is deeply impressed.
Measurements.—Width of carapace of type-specimen 49 mm. Length of carapace in the median line (Oregon, No. 15) 37 mm., width 45.4mm. Length of another from the same place 36.2, width 42.5mm. The largest carapace (Washington, No. 253) is about 74 mm. wide. The largest nodule containing a crab (Oregon, No. 948) has a major diameter of 19 cm.
Relation—This species is nearest to the type species of the genus, Z. leachii (Desmarest, 1822; A. Milne Edwards)" which also has a nodose carapace and four antero-lateral lobes of moderate size, but in leachii the posterior half of the branchial region is occupied by two small nodules instead of one large one as in vulgaris, and the epibranchial nodule is small and round instead of obliquely trans- versely elongate. In deachii the antero-lateral is longer in relation to the postero-lateral margin than in vulgaris.
Occurrence.—From the southern border of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, along the Strait of Juan de Fuca and southward along Puget Sound, thence eastward to Burnett and westward to Chehalis County, Washington, thence southward across the Columbia River to Lincoln and Lane Counties, Oregon.
The species appears to be distributed throughout the Oligocene and to be confined to that series.
17 Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 4, Zo6l., vol. 20, 1868, p. 315, pl. 7, figs. 1 and 2; pl. 8, figs. 3 and 4; pl. 11, fig. 4.
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| THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 51 | BRITISH COLUMBIA |
Near Pachena Bay, Vancouver Island; near the north point of entrance into the Strait of Juan de Fuca; Oligocene series, near ‘boundary between Sooke and Carmanah formations; one specimen.
Sea cliffs 214 miles south of Pachena Lighthouse, Vancouver Island; one specimen.
- Basal sandstone sea cliffs between Clo-oose and Nitinat Lagoon, Vancouver Island; lower (7) Oligocene series ; three specimens.
- Sandstone and shale sea cliffs for three miles west of Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; 11 specimens comprising 8 carapaces and 3 pieces of appendages.
_ Sandy shale sea cliffs at mouth of Five Mile Creek, Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; three specimens.
~ Sandy shale from sea cliff as found about 1 mile west of Seven- mile Creek, Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island; eight specimens.
Sea cliffs between Kow Shet Cove and Nine Mile Creek, Strait of
Juan de Fuca, Vancouver Island; two specimens. WASHINGTON
Sandy shales in sea cliffs 1 to 2 miles south of Eagle Creek, Port Discovery; two specimens.
Sandy shale sea cliffs and beach, south shore of Mystery Inlet, Scow Bay, Port Townsend; lower (?) Oligocene series; three speci- mens.
Sandstone and shale sea cliffs along west shore of Oak Bay, 1 to 2 miles south of Portage Spit between Port Townsend and Port Lud- low; lower (?) Oligocene; six specimens comprising two carapaces and four pieces of cheliped.
Northern Pacific Railway cut 100 feet east of Seattle Brewing and Malting Company’s brewery at Georgetown, South Seattle, in sec- tion 20, township 24 north, range 4 east; four specimens.
Burnett, Pierce County. Labeled “ Miocene”; probably Oligocene series, Puget formation; six specimens, Cat. No. 353395, U.S.N.M.
Bed of Delezene Creek 5 or 6 miles up stream from its junction with Chehalis River; two specimens.
Porter, Chehalis County; middle Oligocene series; seven specimens.
Bluffs immediately north and south of Porter; middle Oligocene Series; two specimens.
Porter Creek, near Porter; middle Oligocene series; one specimen.
Shaly sandstone bluff on Chehalis River below Porter; middle Oligocene series; two specimens.
Porter, in bluff just below Railroad Station on Northern Pacific Railroad; section 22, township 17 north, range 4 west; middle Oligo- cene series; five specimens.
= es
o2 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Near Porter, section 22, township 17 north, range 5 west; middle Oligocene series; three specimens.
Marly tuffs along bluffs at old log dam along Porter Creek; lower Oligocene series; associated with lowest fauna of Lincoln horizon, as defined by Dr. C. KE. Weaver; one specimen; also two fingers.
Shaly sandstone bluffs one-fourth mile below old log dam on Por- ter Creek, Porter; middle Oligocene series; one specimen.
Shaly sandstone bluffs along Porter Creek, one-fourth to 1 mile above old log dam, Porter; middle (/) Oligocene series; one speci- men.
Shaly sandstone bluffs along Porter Creek, three-fourths mile above Porter; middle Oligocene series; four specimens.
Bluff half a mile east of Porter Station; middle Oligocene series; Porter formation; one specimen.
Shaly sandstone road cuts one-fourth mile southeast of Porter along the Chehalis River; middle Oligocene series; nine specimens.
Sandy shale bluffs along the Chehalis River northwest of the mouth of Lincoln Creek; middle Oligocene series; three specimens.
About 5 miles northwest of Oakville, Chehalis County, in shales on Gibson Creek; two specimens, Cat. No. 353402, U.S.N.M.
Mili Creek, 114 miles east of junction with Willapa River and 3 miles northeast of Menlo, Pacific County; one female specimen.
Tuffaceous sandstone bluffs along the Willapa River north of Hol- comb, Pacific County; middle Oligocene; 11 specimens.
About 1 mile north and a little east of Holcomb in east bank of Willapa River; six specimens.
One thousand six hundred feet above first railroad bridge on Willapa River, below Holcomb; section 25, township 13 north, range 8 west; four specimens.
In bluffs along the Nasel River, section 1, 414 miles east of Nasel; upper Oligocene series, Blakeley horizon (Acila gettysburgensis zone of C. E. Weaver) ; one specimen.
Sandstones in shales in bluffs along the Columbia River at Knapp- ton Mill; upper Oligocene series, Blakeley horizon (Acila gettys-. burgensis zone of C. KE. Weaver) ; associated with Limnopsis, species, , and Phacoides columbianum Clark and Arnold; one specimen.
Cementville, across the Columbia River from Astoria, Oregon; three specimens. |
OREGON
Astoria (?), Clatsop County; one specimen. | Newport, Yaquina Bay, Lincoln County; three specimens (one is | holotype), Cat. No. 353396, U.S.N.M. | Yaquina, Lincoln County; eight specimens, two impressions. | Yaquina, probably; 21 specimens. |
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THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 53
Rocky Point, 4 miles east of the town of Yaquina; it is in a rail- road cut a few feet west of bridge No. 9; 56 specimens.
Sandy shale cut along the Corvallis and Eastern Railway between Rocky Point and Oysterville, Yaquina Bay; 14 specimens.
_ Elk City, Lincoln County; one specimen.
Near Pioneer Quarry near Elk City: two specimens.
One mile south of Springfield Junction, Lane County; one im- pression, Cat. No. 353397, U.S.N.M.
One mile west of Springfield Junction; one small specimen in a nodule showing only middle portion of carapace, also impression of game; Cat. No. 353398, U.S.N.M.
ZANTHOPSIS HENDERSONIANUS, new species Plate 10, figs. 5 and 6
Description of holotype—Carapace very convex in both directions especially antero-posteriorly. Branchial region separated by a broad, deep furrow from the cardiac and intestinal regions and by a shal- lower furrow from the gastric region. Twelve bosses or swellings, for the most part conical, are distributed on the posterior two-thirds of the carapace; four are branchial, two along the postero-lateral border, the posterior of which is elongate-triangular in a longitu- dinal direction, one is near the inner angle of the region while the fourth is lower and situated further outward and forward; the four remaining elevations are median, one urogastric at the middle or highest point of the carapace, one very low, mesogastric, one very large covering the cardiac region, one low and squarish or trans- versely oblong covering the intestinal or posterior cardiac region. A broad transverse gutter lies in front of the posterior margin. Hepatic region flat and obliquely deflexed. Gastric region not dis- tinctly subdivided; protogastric lobes convex, mesogastric depressed except for the posterior hump; two small transverse epigastric tubercles (pl. 10, fig. 5).
Orbit small, its inner angle less advanced than the front, its outer angle triangular, acute, and less advanced than the inner angle. Inner lower angle triangular. Antero-lateral margin thick, a small blunt horizontal tooth at lateral angle, and in front of it two slight lobes; between the first of these and the orbital tooth the margin is slightly convex. Postero-lateral margin high without marginal line.
Paratypes.—The carapace of paratypes @ and 6 are only about 28 or 29 mm. wide; the edges are broken. Paratype a shows the teeth of the anterior margin (pl. 10, fig. 6); two triangular frontal teeth, tips 2.5 mm. apart, and distant 3 mm. from the tips of the inner
orbital teeth. The shape and position of the dorsal bosses are the same as in the holotype. No details of the ventral surface of para-
ek i el
54 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
type 6 can be made out except that the abdomen is narrow and the sternum small.
Measurements.—Holotype, width of carapace 43.6 mm., fronto- orbital width 23.38 mm., posterior width 11.5 mm., chord of antero- lateral margin 18.5 mm., postero-lateral margin 23.2 mm.
Occurrence.—Oregon: 1 mile south of Henderson Station (Springfield Junction), Southern Pacific Railroad, Lane County; 200 or 300 feet above the other specimens; Oligocene series; one specimen of carapace with front and left antero-lateral margin broken away, holotype; Cat. No. 353373, U.S.N.M.
California: Llajas Canyon, Simi Valley; Santa Susana Shales, the basal member of the Meganos Group (according to Dr. Bruce L. Clark) ; middle Eocene; two specimens, one of which is a male, para- types.
Relations—This species can not be confused with the much more abundant Z. vulgaris, because of the different areolation of the cara- pace. In vulgaris the posterior branchial region is covered with a large swelling instead of two small separated bosses, the epibran- chial region has a long obliquely transverse areole instead of a small round one, the cardiac region has two areoles side by side instead of one median, the hepatic region is convex instead of flat, the mesogas- tric region is plainly divided from the protogastric.
Z. hendersonianus is, however, very closely allied to Z. dufourit (Milne Edwards),1* from the Eocene of Europe, and yet appears: to be specifically distinct. Some of the dorsal bosses are of differ- ent character: In dufourti the metabranchial boss is round instead of elongate, the cardiac boss round and circumscribed instead of) embracing the whole region, the intestinal boss also round instead of oblong. The tooth at the superior inner angle of the orbit is directed forward or nearly so, instead of obliquely outward with an: almost transverse inner margin, as in hendersonianus. The lateral lobes are larger and more prominent.
Z. hendersonianus has also much in common with Zanthopsis: gruentensis (Schafhiiutl) ,'° but in that species the tooth at the lateral. angle of the carapace is in a transverse line with the anterior of the: metabranchial lobes and the median gastric lobes are broad and par- tially subdivided by a longitudinal furrow.
ZANTHOPSIS STERNBERGI, new species
Plate 39
Description of holotype-—A right cheliped in a curved position. Merus, carpus and manus very wide (or high) in proportion to
18 A. Milne Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 4, Zool., vol. 20, 1863, p. 309, pl. 6. ” Siid-Bayerns Lethaea Geognostica, Leipzig, 1865, p. 228, pl. 61, fig. 4 a-c.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 090 length. Outer surface of merus finely punctate, a deep gutter run- ning near and parallel to distal margin; on upper margin on pos- terior border of gutter, a short blunt tooth (pl. 39, fig. 2); on lower margin two stout teeth near together, the one close to gutter is coni- cal; further back on margin, not far from proximal end is a scar which appears to be a cross section of another spine. Upper surface of carpus finely granulate, spine at inner angle short, stout, blunt, recurved; outer surface with four, possibly five, rows of large tubercles, four tubercles in each of the three upper rows. Only three smaller tubercles are visible in the fourth row at the proximal end; a break in the shell obscures the remainder, also a possible fifth row. There is a trace of a distal gutter; there is also a shallow longitudinal depression separating the second from the third row of tubercles. Manus thick, outer surface very convex from end to end as well as from top to bottom. On the short upper margin there is a line of three or four tubercles; on proximal half of outer surface five tubercles forming a V the arms of which diverge widely from the apex situated low down near carpus; a row of five tubercles on proximal three-fifths of lower margin. Distal margin of manus oblique. Fingers thick but rather narrow, widely gaping; tips broken off, that of the dactylus indicated by the corresponding de- pression; propodal finger horizontal.
Measurements——Merus, length through middle 16 mm., distal width 15.1 mm. Carpus, superior length 16.6 mm., width measured just behind inner spine 14.2 mm. Manus, length from just above immovable finger to lower proximal angle 24 mm., horizontal length through middle 19.4 mm., superior length 11.9 mm., width (or height) 20.2 mm. Dactylus, length 22 mm., greatest or proximal
height 8mm. Immovable finger, height at its origin about 6 mm.
Occurrence.—California: Kellys Ranch, 5 miles north of Carlsbad Station, Santa Fe Railway, San Diego County; Cretaceous. Holo- type, Cat. No. 73390, U.S.N.M.
Relation.—While this cheliped has the general form of a Zanthop- sis, it differs from all other species of which the cheliped is known by the greater number and different disposition of tubercles.
Genus LOPHOPANOPEUS Rathbun
Lophopanopeus RATHBUN, Bull. Labor. Nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa, vol. 4, 1898, p. 272; type, L. bellus (Stimpson).
Carapace hexagonal; fronto-orbital border half or more than half greatest width of carapace; front short, divided into two sinu- ous lobes; postorbital tooth small, more or less coalesced with the next tooth; remainder of antero-lateral margin more longitudinal, cut into three prominent teeth. Palm short, swollen; immovable finger short, rapidly tapering, dactylus narrower and longer, both fingers pointed. Ambulatory legs more or less cristate.
56 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM |
Oligocene; Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
The genus Lophopanopeus is represented on the coast of Cali- fornia by six Recent species, five of which occur south of Monterey Bay. In the Pleistocene in the neighborhood of San Pedro have been found numerous fragments, chiefly fingers, sometimes attached to a manus which is infrequently accompanied by a carpus. An examination of the fingers of Recent species discloses a strong re- semblance between fingers of different species, especially between those of bellus and diegensis, of leucomanus and heathii, and of frontalis and lockingtoni. There is on the other hand considerable variation among individuals of a single species from one place. This makes identification of detached fingers difficult and more or less uncertain. The wrists, three in number, are unmistakably Z. diegensis, and the 13 palms are also referable to the same species. The numerous fingers represent at least three species, which I take to be diegensis, leucomanus, and lockingtoni.
LOPHOPANOPEUS DIEGENSIS Rathbun
Lophopanopeus diegensis RatHBuUN, Amer. Nat., vol. 34, 1900, p. 137.— ScumiTt, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 23, 1921, p. 245, pl. 37, fig. 5, and synonymy.—T. 8. Outproyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Rincon del Petrero, Santa Monica; two right movable fingers; Cat. No. 353377, U.S.N.M.
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; many (about 200) specimens of fingers, major and minor, movable and immovable, besides five palms and two wrists; Cat. Nos. 3538367 and 3538368, U.S.N.M.
San Pedro; four movable fingers.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; more than 25 fingers, 8 palms and 1 wrist.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; Upper San Pedro formation; one major movable finger.
Some fingers are larger than any taken from the sea and indicate: that the species was as large as LZ. be//us, which ranges from Monterey Bay northward.
Range of Recent L. diegensis—From Monterey Bay to San Diego Bay.
LOPHOPANOPEUS LEUCOMANUS (Lockington)
Xanthodes leucomanus Lockineton, Proc. California Acad. Sci. vol. 7, 1876 (1877), p. 82 (not leucomanus, p. 100).
Lophopanopeus leucomanus Scuoitt, Univ. California Publ. Zodl., vol. 23, 1921, p. 248, pl. 37, fig. 6, text-fig. 145, and synonymy.—T. S. OLproyD, Proc. U.'S. Nat. Mus.; vol. 65, art. 22,'1924, p. 23:
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 57
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series: Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San
Pedro formation; over 100 movable and 1 immovable finger: Cat. Nos. 353365 and 353366, U.S.N.M.
San Pedro; four movable fingers. Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; 17 movable fingers. Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; upper
San Pedro formation; two movable fingers, major and minor.
Range of Recent specimens——From Monterey to San Diego. L. heathit has similar fingers to those of ZL. lewcomanus, and it
_is possible that it is included among the fingers above listed. LZ. /eu- comanus is of more frequent occurrence to-day than heathii and especially in the neighborhood of San Pedro. The two species may
have had a common origin in the Pleistocene. LOPHOPANOPEUS LOCKINGTONI Rathbun a
Xanthodes leucomanus LockinetTon, Proc. California Acad. Sci., vol. 7, 1876 (1877), p. 100 (not lewcomanus, p. 32).
Lophopanopeus lockingtoni ScumitTt, Uniy. California Publ. Zodl., vol. 238, 1921, p. 244, pl. 37, fig. 2—T. S. O_proyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Occurrence.—California: Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of
San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation, Pleistocene series; nine
major movable fingers; Cat. No. 353376, U.S.N.M. As in Z. diegen- sis, some of the fossil fingers are indicative of much larger specimens than have yet been reported among Recent material.
Range of Recent specimens——From San Pedro to San Diego, Cali- fornia; Gulf of California (Lockington).
LOPHOPANOPEUS COLEARIS, new species
Plate 11, fig. 4
Description.—Carapace well areolated, the gastric and its subre- gions, the hepatic and the branchial regions strongly marked; meso- gastric region small, narrow part slightly constricted near the base, anteriorly acute; epigastric and protogastric lobes raised. Still more prominent is the ridge which is parallel to the coalesced antero- lateral tooth and divides the hepatic region into two almost equal parts. The posterior half of the branchial region is dorsally swollen forming a circular smoothly rounded boss. Between the branchial and the cardiac-intestinal region there is a narrow and obliquely longitudinal ridge.
The two sides of the frontal margin are a little oblique to each other; there is a large median pit near the edge but no emargina- tion is apparent. A depression on the dorsum between front and
3020—26——_5
58 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
orbit. Orbital margin crenulate; orbit small, as customary in the genus. Antero-lateral border inclined upward. The ends of all the lateral teeth are broken; the first tooth or orbital angle is not prominent and is fused with the second which is probably a shallow lobe; the third, fourth, and fifth are subequal. Postero-lateral mar- gins a little longer than antero-lateral, convergent; posterior margin sinuous.
The carpus of the cheliped has a deep groove across the distal end: the inner tooth is short.
Measurements—Holotype, length of carapace 20.5 mm., width at sinus in front of last lateral tooth 24.7 mm., fronto-orbital width 17 mm., width of front 9.1 mm.
Occurrence.—Alaska: Just below the lower seepage on Pearl Creek, on Pearl Creek oil claim No. 11; Nichowak District; Oligo- cene series; carapace and carpus of left cheliped of one specimen. Type in? University of California.
Relation—This species has much in common with Z. bellus,?° a species now living on the Pacific coast from Prince Wiliam Sound, Alaska, to Long Beach, California. Its narrow part of the meso-
gastric region is not constricted but tapers gradually to a point, the
hepatic ridge is less pronounced and the branchial region is flat where in the other it is symmetrically swollen.
Genus CYCLOXANTHOPS Rathbun
Cyclozanithops RATHBUN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 11, 1897, p. 164; type, C. sexdecimdentatus Milne Edwards and Lucas. Carapace broad, antero-lateral borders very long; front horizon- tal, prominent, divided into two lamellar lobes; orbits small, external angles inconspicuous. Palms elongate, fingers stout, tapering to a point. Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
CYCLOXANTHOPS NOVEMDENTATUS (Lockington) Plate 1, figs. 15 and 16
Xanthodes? novemdentatus LocKINGTON, Proc. California Acad. Sci., vol. 7,
1876 (1877), p. 32. Cycloranthops novemdentatus ScumittT, Univ. California Publ. Zodl., vol. 23, 1921, p. 239, pl. 37, fig. 7, text-fig. 142, and synonymy.
Occurrence.—California: Rincon de] Potrero, Santa Monica;
Pleistocene; 29 movable (pl. 1, fig. 15), 13 immovable fingers (pl. |
1, fig. 16) ; Cat. No. 353371, U.S.N.M.
20 Xantho bella Stimpson, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 1860, p. 204, pl. 5, fig. 2.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 59
Range. of Recent specimens—F¥rom Monterey Bay, California, to Guadalupe Island, Mexico.
Family CANCRIDAE Alcock
Carapace broadly oval, front with several teeth, one of which is median. Antennules fold back longitudinally. Antennal flagella usually short and more or less hairy. Third maxillipeds overlapping endostome.
Genus CANCER Linnaeus Cancer LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 625; type, C. pagurus Linnaeus.
Carapace transverse, subelliptical, often indistinctly areolated;
front narrow, cut into five teeth or lobes. Orbits small, with two fis-
sures in both upper and lower margins. Antennal flagellum ex-
cluded from orbit. Palms longitudinally ridged outside; fingers broad at attachment, tapering to a point; dactyli thick above, upper
surface gradually rounding into outer surface, upper edge sometimes
cristate. Eocene; Recent.
CANCER GABBI, new species Plate 16, figs. 7 and 8
Among the specimens borrowed from the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, under the name of Callianassa stimpsonii Gabb, are two which are portions of right chelipeds of a Cancer.
_ They were labeled by Gabb, “‘ Martinez or Clayton ” and are Eocene.
Saw
The more complete though smaller specimen (holotype) shows the outer face of the palm and a portion of the outer face of the wrist against which it is flexed (pl. 16, fig. 7). The larger specimen (paratype) is more fully free from the matrix and comprises the distal portion of a palm, both sides of which are exposed (pl. 16, fig. 8).
Description of palm.—Lower margin more arcuate than the upper, the deepest part of the curve being nearer the distal than the prox- imal end. Base of fixed finger horizontal. Greater part of upper margin a shallow arch, the distal end is separately ascending. Prox- imal margin very oblique. Outer layer of shell lacking; exposed surface covered chiefly with raised reticulating lines; four smooth longitudinal stripes are visible, one on upper surface, one immedi- ately above lower margin, both wide, a narrower stripe at middle of outer surface and a very narrow one a little below the middle. The bases of both fingers are wide so that the intervening gape is rela- tively narrow; the movable is a little wider than the immovable finger.
Measurements.—Smaller palm, superior length 12.6 mm., greatest height 13.5 mm., inferior length to a point below sinus between fin- gers 18 mm. Larger palm, height of cross section behind middle 13 mm., width of same 8.5 mm.
60 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM | . '
CANCER BAINBRIDGENSIS, new species Plate 16, figs. 2 and 3
Description —The surface of both fingers is covered with coarse, prominent, separated tubercles. The holotype (pl. 16, fig. 2) has a broad and nearly level upper surface rounding into the lateral sur- faces. Outer surface with a shallow longitudinal furrow. Basal pre- hensile tooth proportionally smaller than that of the paratype. Cross section of finger just distad to basal tooth almost circular. The lower part of the paratype is broken away. Viewed from above the prehensile tubercles form a row through the middle; basal tubercles isolated and much the largest, in cross section squarish with corners rounded off; the other three tubercles are contiguous and diminish gradually in size (pl. 16, fig. 3).
Measurements.—Greatest width of dactylus (holotype) 11.5 mm., height from middle of lower surface of basal tooth 14 mm., height at insertion in propodus 25.6 mm. Width of lower surface of im- movable finger below middle of basal tooth, approximately (at least) 13.3 mm.
Occurrence.—W ashington: Sandstone beach at Bean Point, Bain- bridge Island, Puget Sound; upper Oligocene; piece of a right mov- able finger (holotype) and of a right (?) immovable finger (para- type). Holotype in Stanford University.
Relation.—Diiters from other species in the broad and slightly oblique upper surface of the dactylus or movable finger, but approaches that of C. productus.
CANCER FISSUS Rathbun Plate 6, fig. 1; plate 16, figs. 5 and 6
Cancer fissus RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 3438, pl. 49, fig. 1; type-locality, near Henry Spring on east face of “1900 foot hill’? 4 miles south of Coalinga, Fresno County, California; toward base of Etchegoin formation, Pliocene [not Miocene] series; holotype, No. 165477, U.S.N.M.
Described from a carapace only (pl. 6, fig. 1). Lateral teeth subtruncate, separated from one another by shallow V-shaped notches and long closed fissures; teeth eight, including tooth at outer angle of orbit, irregular in size and shape; the first, third, fifth, and seventh larger than intervening teeth, ninth tooth very narrow; the
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 61
fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth have each a small horny point at their anterior angle.
Additional occurrence.—Two incomplete left palms from the same region as the type-locality of C. fissus are placed here tentatively. They are from the south central part of the southeast quarter of section 24, Coalinga Quadrangle, California; Etchegoin formation,
_ Pliocene series.
Measurements of larger palm.—Height 24 mm., length on upper margin 19.8 mm., thickness 15.38 mm.
Description of palm—Unusually short and high, much swollen; upper edge blunt, without serrations; outer surface showing traces
of five longitudinal ridges (pl. 16, fig. 5), as in other species of
Cancer. Fingers absent, but the fixed finger is apparently much deflexed ; its height at base, measured from lower margin of palm is not more than two-fifths the height of the cavity in which the dactylus once fitted (pl. 16, fig. 6). These two characters distinguish the palm from that of any other Cancer.
CANCER URBANUS Rathbun Plate 15; plate 16, fig. 1
Cancer urbanus Ratuseun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 53, 1917, p. 451, pl. 59; type-locality, Los Angeles, California; from foundation of large building; Pliocene series; carapace embedded in blue clay, Cat. No. 324800, U.S.N.M.
DescriptionSurface of carapace (pl. 15) about equally convex from side to side and from front to back; uneven, closely granulate,
granules larger and more prominent on the most elevated portions; interregional depressions deep. Antero-lateral teeth 9, including the
tooth at lateral angle of carapace and at outer angle of orbit; teeth acute, margins straight, anterior margin usually considerably shorter
than posterior margin; margins of seventh or widest tooth nearly
equal. Furrows leading back from sinuses of anterior margin deep.
Additional occurrence.—Santa Monica, California, in Rustic Can- yon; Pliocene series; portion of right cheliped showing dorsal view of carpus and manus; Cat. No. 353394, U.S.N.M. The specimen is tentatively linked up with this species. A specimen showing both carapace and cheliped is necessary to prove their specific identity.
Measurements.—KEstimated width of carapace (holotype) meas- ured between antero-lateral sinuses 48 mm., length of carapace about 34mm. Length of carpus (Santa Monica) 20.7 mm., superior length of manus 20.4 mm.
Upper surface of carpus (pl. 16, fig. 1) bounded by a band of coarse granules; in the middle two high granulated tubercles are placed transversely and from each an irregular band of granules
62 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
extends proximally. <A third large tubercle is situated near articula- tion with manus. The manus is turned so that the upper margin is directed almost upward. The visible surface is very rough with granules, the margin more coarsely so and armed with two large tubercles; margin highest at its proximal third and lowest at its distal fifth. On the inner surface a little below the margin and slightly distad to the most distal of the marginal tubercles, there is another large tubercle.
The granulation of the cheliped is similar to that of the holo- type carapace, which lends credence to the theory that they are
conspecific. CANCER PRODUCTUS Randall
Cancer productus RANDALL, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 8, 1839, p. 116.—Scumirtr, Univ. California Publ. Zodl., vol. 23, 1921, p. 220, text-fig. 186, and synonymy.—T. S. OLpRoyp, Proe. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 28.
Cancer brewerti Gass, Palaeontology of California, vol. 2, sec. 1, part 1, 1869, p. 1, pl. 1, fig. 1 (type-locality, near Santa Barbara, Pliocene;
type probably not extant).—Coorrer, Seventh Ann. Rept. State Min- }
eralogist, 1887 (1888), p. 227; “Pl. or Mioc.”
Cancer dbreweri ARNOLD, Mem. California Acad. Sci., vol. 3, 1903, p. 345; Deadman Island, San Pedro, in Lower San Pedro formation, Pleisto- ecene series.
Gabb compared his species with C. magister, instead of C. pro- ductus with which C. brewerti is identical. This determination is confirmed by the examination of a finger of C. productus from the Pliocene of Ventura County, recently collected by Louis N. Water fall.
Occurrence-—Pliocene and Pleistocene series:
CALIFORNIA
Ventura County; Pliocene; 1 left immovable finger of a large specimen.
Following are Pleistocene:
Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; 30 specimens of fingers more or less incomplete; Cat. No. 353391, U. S.N.M.
Nob Hill (lumber yard), Ieee of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; nine movable, three immovable fingers; Cat. No. 353393, U.S.N.M.
San Pedro; Kate Stephens; two movable fingers.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; four movable and two immovable fingers.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; Upper San Pedro formation; four movable and one immovable finger; Cat. No. 353390, U.S.N.M.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 63
Point Loma, “coal mine,” ocean shore of Point; right movable finger and right immovable finger of much larger specimen; Cat.
No. 8258, U.S.N.M.*
LOWER CALIFORNIA, MBXICO
San Quentin Bay, lava beds; one movable finger; Cat. No. 353392, U.S.N.M.
Range of Recent specimens—From Kodiak to Magdalena Bay, Lower California.
CANCER BRANNERI,” new species Plate 16, fig. 4
Cancer gibbosulus RATHBUN, Proce. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 21, 1898, p. 581 (part; American specimens), not C. gibbosulus (de Haan).—ScumiITrTrT, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 28, 1921, p. 226, pl. 36, fig. 7, and synonymy (part; American specimens). Holotype.—Male, Recent, San Francisco; D. S. Jordan, collector ; 1880; Cat. No. 3092, U.S.N.M. « The acquisition of large and mature Recent specimens of the Japanese Cancer gibbosulus makes it possible to demonstrate that the American form is specifically distinct. The following are the chief differences: The carapace of C. branneri is a little wider in proportion to its length, the postero-lateral margins are more con- cave, the principal (anterior) of the two postero-lateral denticles being sharp-pointed (spiniform) instead of blunt; the antero-lateral teeth always all sharp-pointed, although individuals vary in width and sharpness, whereas in gibbosulus, the first six teeth incline to be blunt; the outer orbital tooth is narrower than in gibbosulus,; gran- ules of dorsal surface fewer, larger and more scabrous, areoles lower and flatter, especially the protogastric pair and that at inner angles of branchial region. Sixth abdominal somite narrower, the proxi- mal width exceeding the length but little, whereas in gibbosulus the width is one and one-half times the length; this character is much less marked in small specimens. ‘The dactylus of the cheliped (pl. 16, fig. 4) has on its outer face two strong carinae the upper of which is spinous, and between them a tuberculate carina on the proximal half only; in gibbosulus the intermediate carina is full length and stronger than the lower, which becomes weaker proxi- mally, as does the upper carina which is spinulous but without the single row of strong spines seen in branneri. Occurrence of fossils —California; Pleistocene series: San Pedro; two movable and one immovable finger; Cat. No. 353381, U.S.N.M.
*1 For the late Dr. John Casper Branner, geologist and president of Stanford University.
64 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; two movable fingers.
Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; upper San Pedro formation; one movable finger; Cat. No. 353594, U.S. N.M. This finger belonged to a larger specimen than has been recorded for Recent occurrences.
Range of Recent specimens—From Granite Cove, Port Althorp, Alaska, to Santa Catalina Island.
CANCER ANTHONYI Rathbun
Cancer anthonyi RatHpun, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 11, 1897, p. 111.—Scumirr, Univ. California Publ. Zodél., vol. 23, 1921, p. 227, pl. 35, fig. 1, and synonymy.
Occurrence.—Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay, California; Pleisto- cene series; eight movable and two immovable fingers; Cat. No. 358380, U.S.N.M.
Range of Recent specimens.——From Long Beach, California, to Playa Maria Bay, Lower California.
CANCER JORDANI Rathbun
Cancer jordani Ratupun, Amer. Nat., vol. 34, 1900, p. 133.—Scumiurt, Univ. California Publ. ZoG6l., vol. 23, 1921, p. 228, pl. 36, figs. 5 and 6, and synonymy.
Occurrence.—California; Pleistocene series:
Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; 2 movable fingers; Cat. No. 353386, U.S.N.M.
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; Lower San Pedro formation; 22 movable, 5 immovable fingers; Cat. Nos. 353385 and 353388, U.S.N.M. ‘These fingers are of unusual size indi- cating that the species was much larger in the Pleistocene than now.
San Pedro; one movable finger.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; 13 movable fingers, 1 immovable finger; Cat. No. 353387, U.S.N.M.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; three movable fingers.
Range of Recent specimens.—From Half Moon Bay, California, to San Geronimo Island, Lower California.
CANCER MAGISTER Dana
Cancer magister DANA, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, 1852, p. 73—ScuHmMItTT, Univ. California Publ. Zodél., vol. 23, 1921, p. 229, text-fig. 188, and synonymy. Occurrence.—Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro, California; lower San Pedro formation, Pleistocene series; two immovable fingers; Cat. No. 353389, U.S.N.M.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 65
Range of Recent spectmens—From Unalaska to Magdalena Bay, _ Lower California. CANCER GRACILIS Dana
Cancer gracilis DANA, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, yol. 6, 1852, p. 73.—Scumitt, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 23, 1921, p. 232, pl. 35, fig. 2, and synonymy.—T. 8. O_proyp, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Occurrence—California; Pleistocene series:
Rincon del Potrero, Santa Monica; seven movable and six im- movable fingers; Cat. No. 353382, U.S.N.M.
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; Lower San Pedro formation; 2 movable fingers; Cat. No. 353384, U. S. N. M.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; three movable and one immovable finger.
Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; four movable and five immovable fingers; Cat. No. 353383, U.S.N.M. San Diego Society of Natural History; two movable and one immovable finger.
Range of Recent specimens.—From Kasaan Bay, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, to Playa Maria Bay, Lower California.
Genus BRANCHIOLAMBRUS Rathbun
Branchiolambrus RATHBUN, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 344; type, B. altuws Rathbun.
Carapace rhomboidal, its anterior two-thirds subtriangular ; orbits directed outward. Branchial regions nearly touching on median line. Front and antero-lateral margins dentate; postero-lateral margin a sinuous line, below which the surface is steeply inclined.
Miocene. BRANCHIOLAMBRUS ALTUS Rathbun
Plate 4, figs. 2 and 3
Branchiolambrus altus RATHBUN, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 345, pl. 47, figs. 2 and 3; type-locality, Wagon Wheel Mountain, south- east quarter, section 36, township 25 south, range 18 east, Devil’s Den District, about 36 miles south of Coalinga, Kern County, Cali- fornia; lower Miocene series, immediately below Vaqueros beds; one carapace, Cat. No. 165478, U.S.N.M.
Description—Carapace rhomboidal (pl. 4, fig. 2), front subtri- angular, antero-lateral margin slightly arcuate, postero-lateral mar- gin equally long, sinuous; below it a vertically oblique facet. Carapace very convex at its widest part (pl. 4, fig. 3), branchial regions nearly touching each other, an acute, conical tubercle at inner angle of each. Surface crisply granulate. Cervical suture shallow anteriorly, deep and narrow posteriorly. Cardiac region
3020—26 6
66 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
narrow, depressed, occupied by two tubercles side by side. Frontal teeth subequal, broad and blunt. Inner orbital tooth acute; width of orbit equal to sinus directly in front of it. Antero-lateral mar- gin incomplete, bearing at least nine teeth. One rudimentary pos- tero-lateral tooth.
Measurements —Length (approximate) of carapace 18.2 mm., width (approximate) 27.2 mm., height at least 5 mm.
Felation—In the convexity of the carapace and the proximity of the branchial regions this species resembles the recent Cancer long- ipes*? (Panama to Chile). The subpostero-lateral area and the composition of the front are also akin to those of the genus Cancer. The genus Branchiolambrus is therefore placed in the Family Can-* cridae instead of the Parthenopidae as heretofore. It differs from Cancer in the triangular shape of the anterior two-thirds of the carapace and the outwardly directed orbits.
Family PORTUNIDAE Dana
Carapace moderately transverse, usually widest at last antero- lateral marginal tooth; front with or without median tooth. Anten- nules fold back transversely or obliquely. Third maxillipeds not overlapping endostome. Ambulatory legs flattened and more or less distinctly adapted for swimming.
Genus CARCINIDES Rathbun
Carcinides RATHBUN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 11, 1897, p. 164; type, C. maenas (Linnaeus).
Carapace not broad, subhexagonal, no distinct transverse ridges; antero-lateral borders cut into five teeth. Front slightly projecting, three-lobed. Chelipeds massive; arm short, unarmed; inner angle of wrist spiniform; no spines nor costae on hand; fingers stout, not strongly toothed.
Cretaceous; Eocene; Recent.
CARCINIDES MINOR, new species
Plate 16, figs. 9 and 10
Description of holotype.—Carapace with a quinquedentate antero- lateral margin (pl. 16, fig. 9), the convex outer edges of the teeth forming a regular arch, their inner edges nearly straight, tips acute, first or orbital tooth smaller than second, fifth small and less pro- jecting laterally than the fourth, which marks the widest part of the carapace. Two slight fissures in upper border of orbit; fronto-
= Bell, Proc. Zoél. Soe. London, vol. 3, 1835 (1836), p. 87; Trans. Zodl. Soc. London, vol: 1; 1836; p: 337, pl. 43.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 67
_ orbital angle broadly rounded; front slightly more advanced at mid- dle than at ends, edge not fully made out. Postero-lateral margin sinuous, marked by a line of granules.
Of the regions the mesogastric is very well marked except pos- teriorly; from it a median furrow extends to the margin of the front. A deeper furrow runs obliquely inward from the edge of the inner orbital angle; from its inner end a broad, shallow depression makes an oblique arch to the fourth lateral tooth; cervical furrow also shal- low. One small inner branchial lobule. Along the postero-lateral margin the surface falls rather steeply. The surface is granulate
on the elevations; the granules are coarser on a broad transverse curve (convex forward) across the branchial region from the widest part of the mesogastric region to the last lateral tooth; and also on two shorter and broader curves just before the middle of each pro- togastric lobe.
Measurements.—Holotype, length of carapace 7.8 mm., greatest width 10.7 mm., fronto-orbital width 6.6 mm., frontal width 2.8 mm.
Occurrence.—Washington: Railroad bluff about 114 miles south of Vader, Lewis County, about 700 feet below railroad post No. 79, section 4, township 11 north, range 2 west; Eocene series; one small carapace, holotype, and a right wrist of a larger specimen which may belong to the same species. Holotype in University of Wash- ington.
felation—Compared to young C. maenas (Linnaeus), the antero-lateral teeth are separated by narrower sinuses, there are two slight transverse dorsal ridges, not developed in maenas, the postero-lateral margins though equally convergent are sinuous in- stead of straight. On the other hand, in both species the lateral teeth are of similar shape and relative size, viz, the first smaller than the second, the last narrow, reduced. ‘The furrow at the inner orbital angle is common to both, and the corresponding elevation of the adjacent orbital region. The median furrow is a little deeper in the fossil and the inner branchial lobulation simpler than in maends.
Wrist—The specimen of wrist (pl. 16, fig. 10) occurring in the same deposit as the type is very likely from a larger specimen of this species. The article has the same general shape and inequalities of surface as in C’. maenas including a broad depression around the inner border and a corresponding elevation adjacent. The dorsal aspect is wider in relation to the length than in maenas, and the inner spine is elongate conical, narrower than in maenas and less prismatic; the spine is finely granulate but most of the outer layer which remains is much worn. Until a wrist is found attached to the body, its identity can not be fully established.
68 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Doubtful occurrence-—California: 21% miles south of mouth of Soledad Valley in the sea cliff. On the La Jolla topographic sheet, due west of half way between the “p” and “u” in Pueblo (south of mouth of Soledad Valley) in sea cliff facing ocean. Hocene series. A carapace slightly larger than the type is embedded in friable rock; it is referred with much uncertainty to C. minor, as very few details can be made out.
Genus PORTUNITES Bell
Portunites Brett, Monog. Fossil Malac. Crust. Great Britain, 1857, p. 20; type, P. incerta Bell.
Carapace little broader than long, depressed; front dentate; orbits large; antero-lateral margin four or five toothed, posterior tooth longer; branchial region with a blunt longitudinal ridge, against which the last leg les when raised above the carapace. Chelipeds stout, of moderate length. Ambulatory legs slender, not natatory.
Eocene; Oligocene.
KEY TO THE PACIFIC SLOPE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PORTUNITES
A’. Carapace wide; width, measured in front of spine at lateral angle, one and one-half times length. Orbit deep; length of outer orbital tooth on its inner slope as great as its basal pvielilye§ 93) es coe os alaskensis, p. 72.
A’. Carapace narrower; width, measured in front of spine at lateral angle, one and one-third times length.
B*. Regions of carapace deeply separated. Gastric region deeply divided into three subregions. No very prominent tubercles near inner angle of branchial region. Size small__.--+.-+--_ 22-45-20 insculpta, p. 71. B’. Regions not deeply separated except at middle of carapace. Two very high tubercles in an obliquely longitudinal line near inner angle of pranchialirezion:“ySizen large a ee ee triangulum, p. 68.
PORTUNITES TRIANGULUM, new species Plate 17, figs. 3-6
Description —Outlines of carapace (pl. 17, fig. 5): The lateral! spine is located opposite the widest part of the mesogastric region; it curves forward and upward, is acuminate and less than an eighth as long as the width of the carapace at the sinus. Between the spine and the orbital tooth there are three triangular acute teeth; the second is acuminate and longer than the first, and the third, next the lateral spine, is stouter than the others. The orbit is equal in width to half the interorbital distance, its upper margin is crenulate, interrupted by two fissures, the intervening margin truncate; its inner angle is a short, acute tooth. The front proper is four-toothed, a little advanced beyond the orbital angles, teeth acute, middle pair slightly more produced than the outer pair, interspaces broadly U-shaped, the median sinus narrower than the submedian. Pos-
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THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 69
tero-lateral margin sinuous both in dorsal and in lateral view, and marked by a granulate line for about two-thirds the distance from the lateral spine. Posterior margin sinuous, slightly concave at _ middle and having a continuous raised line of granules.
Areolation of carapace: The mesogastric and cardiac regions are well delineated, the hepatic region depressed; anterior end of meso- gastric region a little raised. A blunt, branchial ridge runs inward and slightly forward from the lateral spine and bends gradually backward to a point just behind the broadest part of the mesogastric region where it forms a large tubercle. This tubercle is one of three making an almost equilateral triangle,** the second tubercle situated at the inner branchial angle, and the third in an almost transverse line with the second but a little farther forward; it is more acute than the others, almost sharp to the touch and has a long posterior slope; the innermost tubercle is less elevated than the others. The cardiac region has a low elevation each side of the middle. Eleva- tions of carapace granulated. In front of branchial ridge a sub- parallel row of about six low tubercles.
Orbits and ventral aspect: The orbit is deep and high in propor- tion to its width, the eye does not fill it; lower margin more advanced than upper, denticulate, spine at inner angle very stout. Ischium of outer maxilliped (pl. 17, fig. 6) suboblong, divided into two un- equal parts by a very deep, sinuous groove, which anteriorly ap- proaches the inner margin. Surface of merus very uneven. Exog- nath about half as wide as endognath. Abdomen of male triangular from the third segment to the tip; third to fifth segments fused; the third and fourth together are depressed in the middie and on either side form a smooth, rounded elevation; sixth segment twice as wide at base as its greatest length; terminal segment subtriangular, broader than long. The surface of the abdomen appears almost smooth, the lower surface of the carapace, the sternum, maxillipeds and begin- ning segments of the chelipeds are more or less finely granulate. The small peg on the second sternal segment which serves to hold the abdomen in place, is visible on the right side of one male and is very sharp. In only one specimen is any portion of a female abdomen visible, and there only two segments, perhaps the fifth and sixth; the fifth (if such it be) is shorter and has more arcuate outer mar- gins than the sixth.
Chelipeds and legs: Chelipeds unequal, stout, granulate; merus with a subdistal groove above; carpus uneven, with a strong inner spine. Manus swollen, a low, longitudinal ridge through the middle of the outer surface (pl. 17, fig. 3), the ridge gradually flattening out toward the fingers; granulation fine and on either side of the ridge reticulated; upper surface (pl. 17, fig. 4) flat or slightly con-
22 From which the specific name is derived.
70 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
cave, making a blunt angle with the outer surface; both inner and
outer ridges show a faint tuberculation. Fingers long and narrow, -suboval in section, prehensile edges armed with many small, unequal teeth; fingers more widely separated in major than in minor chela on account of the greater height of the hand, the fingers being of ap- proximately the same width in both chelae.
Ambulatory legs: The merus joints of the three ambulatory legs are long and narrow, oval in cross-section. There is no trace of the last pair of legs.
Measurements.—Male holotype, length of carapace on median line 31 mm., width at sinus in front of lateral spine 42.5 mm., fronto- orbital width about 24 mm. The following measures are approxi- mate: Length of carapace of female, No. 193, on median line 18.7 mm.; width at sinus in front of lateral spine 25 mm. Width at same sinus of male from Porter, H. Landes, collector, 33.6 mm.; of speci- men, N. Pac. 53, 33.2 mm.; of a male from same lot 47 mm., its length 33.2 mm.; while a major manus, N. Pac. 211, belongs to a considerably larger carapace than any preserved, having a maximum height of 20 mm., thickness 14.3 mm. and a superior length of at least 20 mm.
Occurrence.— WASHINGTON
In bluffs immediately north and south of Porter, Chehalis County; Oligocene series; one female.
Porter, Chehalis County; middle Oligocene series; two specimens.
Shaly sandstone bluff on Chehalis River, below Porter; middle Oligocene series; three specimens.
Bluff one-half mile east of Porter Station, Grays Harbor County; middle Oligocene series; one specimen having only the chelipeds exposed.
One and a half to two miles northwest of Galvin; middle Oligo- cene; one specimen and impression.
Sandy shale bluffs along the Chehalis River, northwest of mouth of Lincoln Creek, Lincoln Creek; middle Oligocene series; a large right manus.
Near junction of Lincoln Creek and Chehalis River some 5 (7?) miles northwest of Centralia; Lincoln beds, Oligocene series; one male, holotype, Cat. No. 353567, U.S.N.M.
OREGON
Nehalem River, ford north of Mishawaka, Clatsop County: Oligo- cene series; one right chela; Cat. No. 166468, U.S.N.M.
Sandy shale cut along the Corvallis and Eastern Railway between Rock Point and Oysterville, Yaquina Bay; Oligocene series; one carapace and portions of a major and a minor cheliped.
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THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA x
Rocky Point, 4 miles east of Yaquina City; Oligocene series; one specimen. Probably near Yaquina; Oligocene series; one specimen embedded
in nodule. PORTUNITES INSCULPTA, new species
Plate 17, figs. 1 and 2
Description—The dentate margins are considerably obscured in the one specimen, holotype, in which they are at all visible (pl. 17. fig. 2). The lateral teeth are five in number, the one at the lateral angle having an indication, by a cross-section shown on the right side of the impression, of a stronger tooth or spine than the others: the penult tooth is acute and hooked forward, having a convex pos- terior and a concave anterior margin; the first two teeth, that is the one at the orbital angle and the next one appear to be narrower than the others. The tips of the frontal teeth of the middle pair are about 1 mm. apart. A median furrow extends from the margin to the mesogastric region. The areolations of the carapace are very prominent; the furrows about the cardiac and mesogastric regions are notably deep; that separating those two regions from each other is less deep as is also the groove either side of the stalk of the meso- gastric spatula. The blade of the spatula is raised above the stalk and is a little longer. Cardiac region cordate, narrow behind, its anterior transverse elevation being partially divided by a small an- terior median depression. At the branchial angle between gastric and cardiac regions there is a large, somewhat pointed tubercle or boss. From it and separated by a shallow groove, begins the epi- branchial ridge which arches forward and continues to the lateral spine; metabranchial region high, forming a sort of ridge which parallels the curve of the cardiac region and is separated anteriorly by a slight furrow from the beginning of the epibranchial ridge; the metabranchial ridge is accented inwardly by the deep trench bordering the cardiac region, but outwardly it slopes gradually downward and outward toward the postero-lateral margin. Both epibranchial and metabranchial ridges form a boss at their inner extremities. Hepatic region depressed. The elevated portions of the carapace are granulate, coarsely so on the highest parts, the depressions are smooth.
The outer face of the chela (right major) is exposed (pl. 17, fig. 1) ; lower margin sinuous. The palm is scarcely longer than its greatest, or distal, height; it 1s much swollen especially in vertical direction, and is covered with short transverse lines of punctae, but these do not perhaps represent the outer surface; the upper margin is almost straight, the supero-distal angle is produced and appears to be con- siderably above the dactylus. The fingers are about as long as
72 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
palm (their tips are absent), they are equally broad at base leaving a moderate gape and taper gradually toward the extremity. The dactylus has a long, stout, backward-pointing tooth at its base; three other teeth are visible on the prehensile edge, they are short, blunt and near together. The propodal finger is slightly deflected.
Measurements (approximate).—Holotype, length of carapace 12 mm., width at sinus in front of lateral spine 15.8 mm.
Occurrence.—Oregon : Basket Point, Umpqua River, about 12 miles below mouth of Calapooia River; middle Eocene series; one holotype and impression and two paratypes, each represented by the dorsal surface of the carapace in a small nodule; Cat. No. 353347, U.S.N.M. Also from the same locality a small major chela in a nodule which is referred to this species because the palm is of similar character to that of the nearly related species, P. triangulum.
FRelation—Nearly related to the type species of the genus, P. incerta Bell,?* from the Eocene of the Isle of Sheppey, England. in P. incerta the narrow part of the mesogastric region is not spatu- Jiform, the metabranchial ridge is straight and not bounded out- wardly by a furrow, and the inner extremity of the branchial ridges forms a more pronounced tubercle.
From P. triangulum, this species may be distinguished by the broader mesogastric region, the more prominent protogastric lobes, the deeper groove about the cardiac region. P. triangulwm has a triangle of three tubercles at the inner angle of the branchial region, while in P. insculpta this arrangement is so obscurely indicated as not to be noticeable.
PORTUNITES ALASKENSIS, new species Plate 18, figs. 3 and 4; plate 22, fig. 3
DescriptionOutlines of carapace (pl. 18, figs. 3 and 4): None of the specimens shows an entire lateral spine and only one (N. Pac. 128) has the basal half preserved; this is subtriangular in outline and points directly outward and very slightly upward. Orbital tooth pointing forward, subacute, sides convex; next three lateral teeth acute, sides concave, the second one longest, the first one smallest and close to the orbital tooth. Position of orbital fissures indicated only by slight depressions in the surface; orbital margin finely crenulate. Front narrow; two small submedian teeth separated by a V-shaped emargination and followed by a sinuous margin; outer angle sub- rectangular, corner rounded off. A slight superior inner orbital angle raised above level of front. Postero-lateral margin of carapace sinuous; posterior margin slightly incurved at middle.
*4 Monog. Foss. Malac. Crust. Great Britain, Part 1, London, 1857 (1858), p. 21, pl. 3, figs. 1-5.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 73
Areolation of carapace: Mesogastric region small, the narrow portion almost linear posteriorly, widening a little anteriorly and terminating in a pointed furrow which is continued by a narrow sulcus leading to the edge of the front. From in front of the inner angle of the branchial region a blunt transversely arched ridge runs to the lateral spine. Behind and a little outside its origin a longi- tudinal ridge extends backward and a little outward, stopping short of the posterior margin. <A conical tubercle at inner angle of branchial region. On either side of the cardiac-intestinal constric- tion a crescentic elevation concave outward. A row of about seven very irregular tubercles lies in front of and parallel to the trans- verse branchial ridge. A transverse blunt ridge across the protogas- tric lobes. Epigastric lobes elevated and also the hepatic.
Ventral aspect: The ischium of the outer maxillipeds has a deep, slightly oblique furrow; the merus is produced at its outer angle, the surface is uneven, inner angle notched; exognath reaching antero-external angle of merus. Abdomen of male with fourth to seventh segments together triangular; third segment narrowing at either end to a blunt tip.
Chelipeds and legs: Of moderate length; merus extending but lit- tle beyond carapace (pl. 18, fig. 4) ; carpus squarish in dorsal aspect, the distance from the merus to the opposite side less than the length in the other direction. Chela short in relation to height; palm thick, upper and lower surfaces rounded, outer surface with a broad blunt longitudinal ridge; upper distal angle rectangular; dactylus articulated below top of palm. Both fingers broad, not gaping, the fixed finger broader at base than the dactylus.
Following is a description of chela, N. Pac. 253 (pl. 22, fig. 3), sup- posed to belong to this species: Only the surface of the distal end of the manus and of the fingers is visible. Surface finely and evenly granulate; distant, scattered punctae larger than the granules; a row of punctae along the base of the prehensile teeth. Fingers long. gradually diminishing, deflexed; a deep groove on less than the distal half of fixed finger, and a shallow groove about as long next to the teeth; two very shallow grooves on dactylus; prehensile edges irregularly dentate, four teeth larger and more prominent than the others and separated by from two to four smaller teeth. The large teeth of one finger fit in to the intervals between the large teeth of the other finger, so that there is little or no gape. Outer sur- face of palm bending strongly over to the upper surface; there is no further evidence of carination on the short length of palm visible.
The ambulatory legs are slender. The last or swimming foot is preserved in only two cases; the propodus is narrow, the dactylus suboval.
74 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Measurements.—Holotype, length of carapace 18.4 mm., width in- front of lateral spine 27.9 mm.; fronto-orbital width 20 mm., width
of front 6 mm., length of chela, top view 17.5 mm., length of palm, same view, 9 mm. Approximate length of impression of carapace (Washington, 80) 30.6 mm., width in front of lateral spine 42.6 mm.
Occurrence.— ALASKA
East branch of Redwood Creek; Oligocene series; 12 specimens including 2 males and 3 females; one specimen embedded in a nodule is selected as holotype; in University of California.
Nichowak District, just below the lower seepage on Pearl Creek, on Pearl Creek oil claim No. 11; Oligocene series; two specimens (one male).
WASHINGTON
Sandstone and shale sea cliffs along west shore of Oak Bay, 1 to 2 miles south of Portage Spit between Port Townsend and Port Ludlow; lower (?%) Oligocene series; one specimen.
Sea cliffs between Classens Wharf and the ship canal estuary, Townsend Bay; lower Oligocene series; small fragment of finger.
Vance’s Creek, two and one-half miles above junction with Skoko- mish River, 13 miles above Union; lower Oligocene; one specimen and impression, also one palm.
Tuffaceous sandstone bluffs along the Willapa River north of Holcomb; middle Oligocene; two specimens, a chela and a portion of a large finger.
One thousand six hundred feet above first railroad bridge on Willapa River below Holcomb; section 25, township 13 north, range 8 west; Oligocene series; impression of a large specimen.
OREGON
Near Eugene; upper Oligocene series; one specimen and impres- sion.
PRelations.—This species is easily distinguished from the two preced- ing by its shape; the carapace is squarer, the orbits wider, the antero- lateral margin shorter. The shape is much like that of certain of the Goneplacidae, as, for example, Z'etraplax °° and Furyplax.*> The areolation, on the other hand, is similar to that of the two preceding species. The upper as well as the under surface of the manus is smoothly rounded, as in Huryplax, not provided with ridges as in P. triangulum described above and as in most Portunids. The outer
* Rathbun, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 20, for 1900, pt. 2, 1901, p. 9. 26 Stimpson, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 1859, p. 60.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 75
surface, however, has a longitudinal ridge through the middle as in _P. triangulum.
Genus PORTUNUS Weber
Portunus WEBER, Nomeuclator Entomologicus, 1795, p. 93; type, P. pelagicus (Linnaeus).
Carapace transverse, little convex. Front cut into three to six, usually four teeth; antero-lateral borders oblique, arched, longer than
- postero-lateral, cut into nine teeth, of which the ninth may be en- larged. Orbits often with a dorsal inclination, inner angle usually
very prominent. Chelipeds massive; spines on arm and inner and
outer angles of wrist; palm prismatic, costate, usually spined ; fingers
usually nearly as long as palm, strongly toothed. Legs of last pair
adapted for swimming. Abdomen of male triangular. Miocene; Pleistocene; Recent.
PORTUNUS (PORTUNUS) XANTUSII (Stimpson)
Achelous wantusii Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 1860 (1862), p. 222. Portunus xantusii Scumitt, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 238, 1921, p. 237, text-fig. 141, and synonymy. Oceurrence.—California: Spanish Bight, San Diego Bay; Pleisto- cene series; one fixed finger; Cat. No. 353349, U.S.N.M. Range of Recent specimens.—¥ rom Santa Monica Bay, California, to Chile. Puget Sound (accidental).
Genus CALLINECTES Stimpson
Callinectes Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 1860, p. 220; type, C. sapidus Rathbun.
Of large size. Carapace broad, areolated, antero-lateral margin long, armed with nine strong teeth, the last being elongated in a spine. Front either four or two toothed. Manus with five external costae and not more than two teeth or spines; fingers long, prehensile ; teeth stout. Legs of last pair adapted for swimming. Abdomen of inale very narrow, +-shaped.
Eocene; Oligocene; Miocene; Pleistocene; Recent.
CALLINECTES BELLICOSUS (Stimpson)
Lupa bellicosa Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 1862, p. 57. Callinectes bellicosus Scumirr, Univ. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 23, 1921, p. 236, text-fig. 140, and synonymy.
Occurrence.—California; Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), northeast of Long Beach; upper San Pedro formation, Pleistocene series; left immovable finger (distal two-thirds) of a large specimen.
76 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Range of Recent specimens —From Point Loma, California, to the Gulf of California.
Subtribe OxXYSTOMATA de Haan Family LEUCOSIIDAE Dana
Carapace more or less hemispherical, hard; afferent openings to gill chambers situate on either side of mouth at base of third maxilli- peds. These last completely close the buccal cavern, the palp wholly concealed by the triangular merus. Antennae Seal: Legs normal. Abdomen hidden under thorax. Male and female genital openings sternal.
Genus RANDALLIA Stimpson
Randallia Stimpson, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1857, p. 85; type, R. ornata (Randall).
Carapace strongly convex, subhemispherical, evenly rounded at sides, two lobes or teeth on postertGe margin. Front narrow, very short, anterior margin concave. Merus of outer ote not meee shorter than ischium, reaching nearly as far forward as front Chelipeds rather long, hand narrow, fingers acute and somewhat compressed.
Pleistocene; Recent. Not before found fossil.
RANDALLIA ORNATA (Randall) Plate 1, figs. 13 and 14
Ilia ornata Ranpatt, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 8, 1839, p. 129.
Randallia ornata Scumitr, Uniy. California Publ. Zo6l., vol. 28, 1921, p. 188, text-fig. 116, and synonymy.—T. S. OLpDRoYD, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 28. Oceurrence.—California; Pleistocene: Rincon del Potrero, Senta Monica; about 500 arms, 30 fingers and 1 hand with wrist attached ; Cat. No. 303345, U.S.N. M. Long wharf, Santa Migtica two arms; Cat. No. 353344, U.S.N.M. Nob Hill (hanger yard), ‘northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation; one arm and fragments of two Cohen Deadman Tele southeast of San Pedro; six arms. Signal Hill (or Los Cerritos), north of Long Beach; 14 arms and 2 movable fingers (pl. 1, fig. 18). Spanish Bight, San Thee Bay; 13 arms, 1 immovable finger (pl. 1, fig. 14). Pan ge a Recent specimens.—From Mendocino County, California, to Magdalena Bay, Lower California.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 77 RANDALLIA PLEISTOCENICA, new spccies Plate 1, figs 11 and 12
Randallia, new species, T. S. OLpRoyD, Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 65, art. 22, 1924, p. 23.
Description.—Holotype: Manus much swollen inside in the proxi- mal two-thirds; viewed from the outside the upper margin is slightly curved, lower margin strongly arcuate, the propodal finger ‘inclined obliquely downward (pl. 1, fig. 12). Surface covered with ‘round bead tubercles of good size, the interspaces filled by gran- ‘ules; tubercles largest on the swelling of the inner surface where ‘they are more unequal than on the outer surface. Manus much rougher than in F&. ornata, and shorter in proportion to its width. Fixed finger long and narrow, densely granulate; two ridges running lengthwise through the middle of the outer and of the inner surface and a similar ridge on the lower edge; in 2. ornata the pair of ridges on the outer surface is nearer the lower margin; prehensile edge multidentate, teeth crowded, every third or fourth one of larger size.
Arm more coarsely tuberculate than hand, a little bent at the in- ner third, as in ornata,; it is somewhat stouter than in ornata, the tubercles are nearer together, giving the surface a much rougher ap- pearance (pl. 1, fig. 11).
Measurements —Length of largest arm (Deadman) 11.6 mm., width 4.1 mm. Holotype, length of propodus (tip broken off) 8.2 mm., length of fixed finger 3.4 mm., height of palm 2.8 mm.
Occurrence.—California :
Nob Hill (lumber yard), northeast of San Pedro; lower San Pedro formation, Pleistocene series; three hands with fixed finger attached (one of which is the holotype), and six arms; Cat. No. 353346, U.S.N.M.
San Pedro; Pleistocene: Kate Stephens collector; four arms.
Deadman Island, southeast of San Pedro; Arnold collection, Stanford University; 16 arms.
Genus PERSEPHONA Leach
Persephona Leacu, Zool. Mise., vol. 3, 1817, pp. 18 and 22; type, P. pune- tata (Linnaeus).
Carapace ovoid or subglobular; three posterior spines, of whick two are at extremities of posterior border, the other median and higher up. Front well advanced; regions little marked; hepatic region generally separated from branchial region by a broad notch in the margin. Orbits deep. Merus of outer maxillipeds not much
78 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
over half length of ischium measured on inner edge. Chelipeds stout; fingers slender, curved, prehensile edges denticulate. Oligocene; Miocene; Recent. PERSEPHONA BIGRANULATA, new species Plate 11, figs. 5-8
Description.—Carapace (pl. 11, fig. 6), excluding front and spines, almost circular; the three posterior spines are broken off near the base, two are at the ends of the posterior margin, the median spine well above that margin (pl. 11, fig. 8). The surface is covered with two sorts of granules, (1) bead granules *’ of small size but still visible to the unaided eye and present everywhere except on the slope of the front and orbits and in the branchio-hepatic hollow and (2) very minute granules filling all the interspaces but not touching one another. Regions not well defined. Hepatic region slightly elevated. Front broadly bidentate, prominent dorsally, not so advanced as to conceal the ends of the branchial channels. The upper part of the front is granulate. Orbits round; two closed fissures in upper surface, a deep smooth gutter on outer surface; otherwise the outer surface of the orbit as well as of the projecting and obscurely-facet- ted side-wall of the hepatic region is coarsely granulate, and has no well defined marginal line. At the base of the front, between it and the gastric region there is on either side a shallow hollow, and another exists opposite the constriction between hepatic and branchial regions. The margin of the branchial region (pl. 11, fig. 7) is marked by a rim of bead granules considerably larger than those of the dorsal surface. The intestinal region is dimly outlined later- ally at least by a curved, shallow, impressed line which ends out- side of, and before it reaches, the lateral spine. The surface about the spines and on the posterior margin is coarsely and densely granu- late without forming a marginal line. The lower surface of the carapace is densely but finely granulate, a large hollow is beneath the lateral constriction.
Sternum (pl. 11, fig. 5) densely granulate and very coarsely so at base of chelipeds; first, second, third, and base of fourth segment of abdomen granulate; remainder of abdomen smooth. The ab- domen indicates maturity; it is filled with oblong concretions re- sembling superficially foraminifera. They are probably formed about masses of the minute eggs common to this genus. Chelipeds and legs are wanting and the maxillipeds cannot be made out.
Measurements.—Female holotype, length of carapace exclusive of spine 23.2 mm., width of same 20.7 mm., fronto-orbital width 4.7 mm., width of intestinal region 9.1 mm.
27 Many of these granules are elongated apparently by a deposit of mud small particles
of which have perhaps been swept against them and adhered to their anterior side. The granules thus affected are chiefly on the right side of the carapace.
| THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA 79
| Occurrence.—Oregon: 1 mile south of Henderson Station (Spring- field Junction), Southern Pacific Railroad, Lane County; Oligocene series; one female, showing carapace and abdomen, Cat. No. 353566, U.S.N.M. “ Horizon 200 or 300 feet above the other specimens.” Relation.—This species is nearest to P. subovata Rathbun ** from the Gulf of California, which has a higher hepatic region, a mar- ginal line of granules on the hepatic region and between the two posterior spines, and fewer dorsal granules and those more or less sunken.
Family CALAPPIDAEK Dana
Carapace more or less oval or subcircular. Afferent openings to gill chambers lie in front of chelipeds. Antennae small. Legs normal. Male genital openings coxal, female sternal.
Genus CALAPPA Weber BOX CRABS
Calappa Weser, Nomenclator Entomologicus, 1795, p. 92; type, C. granulata (Linnaeus).
_ Carapace strongly convex, rounded in front, much broadened behind by a pair of clypeiform wings, beneath which the legs are ‘concealed in flexion. Front small, somewhat triangular, bilobed; orbits small, circular. Chelipeds very large and in flexion fit closely the front half of carapace; the arm has an outer distal wing; hand strongly compressed, its upper border forming a high dentate crest. Chelipeds equal except for the fingers which on one hand have out- side near the base a stout projecting lobule. Abdomen of adult with third, fourth and fifth segments fused.
Eocene—Recent. CALAPPA LANENSIS, new species
Plate 19, figs. 1 and 2
Description.—The postero-lateral tooth is triangular (pl. 19, fig. 1), broader at base than the length of its sides, spine-tipped, spine broken off. In front of this tooth there is a row of five teeth on the wing, of which the first or most posterior reaches laterally a little further than the postero-lateral tooth; the others become progres- sively smaller, the last two very small and little projecting. The posterior border of the wing bears two teeth, smaller than the pos- tero-lateral tooth and more projecting, the inner tooth smaller than the outer. The median portion of the posterior border is still more produced and divided into three shallow lobes, the middle one twice as broad as the outer ones. Lateral and posterior margins granu-
28 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 16, 1893, p. 256.
80 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
late. Outer orbital tooth not prominent; inner orbital tooth high. | Frontal teeth broken off.
The carapace is traversed by two longitudinal, submedian fur- rows and a transverse depression behind the orbits. Surface of carapace and chela granulate, the granules visible without a lens | and near together but not touching except on the tubercles. Three rows of five tubercles each; of the median tubercles the two anterior | are the largest; of the lateral tubercles the three anterior are large | and the second one, counting from the front has a small, low tuber- cle on its anterior, inner slope. Outside this row on each side there | are about 8 or 10 very low and inconspicuous tubercles irregularly placed.
The transverse distal crest (pl. 19, fig. 1) of the merus of the minor , cheliped is furnished with four teeth increasing in size below from | above, the two lower teeth prolonged in a spine. Surface of carpus | uneven, scarcely nodulous. Lower edge of manus (pl. 19, fig. 2) | straight; a longitudinally oblique furrow not far above lower mar- | gin; it is smoother than the rest of the surface. Tubercles of rather | small size, arranged roughly in three transversely oblique rows, four | tubercles in the distal row, five in the next, three in the proximal row. Eight teeth on upper border, of which six are crowded to- gether forming the cock’s comb, and the other two teeth are on the slope leading down to the carpus. The customary large tooth or spine is situated at the infero-proximal angle of the outer surface, | but it is in great part broken off. The outer aspect of the proximal | half of the dactylus is granulate; prehensile teeth and distal half | of the dactylus dark colored.
Measurements.—Holotype, length of carapace 27.8 mm., width of | same 35.7 mm., length of minor manus measured from articulation of carpus to sinus between fingers 16 mm., distal height measured | to base of teeth 14.8 mm. |
Occurrence.—Oregon: 1 mile south of Henderson Station (Spring- | field Junction), Southern Pacific Railroad, Lane County; Oligocene : series; one carapace with minor chela; Cat. No. 353350, U.S.N.M. | “ Horizon 200 or 300 feet above the other specimens.” |
Relation.—In shape resembles C’. flammea, the Recent species found | on the east coast of the United States and southward; also in the | Miocene of Santo Domingo and the Pleistocene of Panama. The / carapace of the latter is much more extensively tuberculated and | the granulation more crowded; there is a small tooth on the pos- | terior margin between the submedian lobes and the teeth of the alate |
fossil species, but those of the upper half and of the proximal row | are larger in flammea than the corresponding ones in lanensis.
THE FOSSIL STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA $1
Genus MURSIA Leach
Mursia Lracu, in Desmarest, Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 28, 1823, p. 231; type, M. cristata Latreille (Recent).
Carapace very convex, transversely oval, a strong spine at lateral ‘angle; front narrow. Chelipeds large, when folded fitting close to body; hands large, compressed, distally widened, a superior laminate and dentate crest, and a strong longitudinal ridge near lower edge of outer surface.
Oligocene; Recent.
MURSIA YAQUINENSIS, new species Plate 19, figs. 3-5
Description—Surface of carapace (pl. 19, fig. 5) covered with fine granules which vary in size and prominence; those of the pos- terior half are finer than those of the antero-lateral half; those on the tubercles are large and more crowded than elsewhere. The branchial region is crossed by three blunt, oblique ridges; the inner ridge is nearly longitudinal and bears three tubercles, the distance between the second and third (posterior) being one and a half times that between the lateral spine (missing in the holotype) and is directed forward at an angle of about 45 degrees to the median line; it is furnished with two tubercles; the outer ridge is very faint, nearly transverse and also bears two tubercles. Twelve smail antero-lateral teeth are indicated, only one of which approaches com- pleteness; they are connected by a single row of marginal gran- ules, three or four granules in each interval; the teeth nearest the orbit are smaller than the others. A raised rim of crowded bead granules marks the postero-lateral margin. A portion of the ven- tral surface bordering the lateral margin is preserved (pl. 19, fig. 3): it is coarsely granulate, the granules spaced and directed outward ; this area is separated from the smooth pterygostomian region by a narrow, raised band of smaller and closer granules separated by minute punctae which probably served as sockets for hairs.
The sternum is represented by portions of three segments of the right side, that at the base of the cheliped bearing the strong, curved, downward pointing spine (pl. 19, fig. 4) which characterizes the male; this segment is finely granulate except on and behind the spine where it is coarsely so; the coarse granules are continued on the next segment, except the inner half which was covered by the abdomen and is smooth; only the inner or smooth half of the next seement is visible.
Alongside the carapace there is a fragment of the proximal end of the merus of the posterior leg; it is granulate on the upper sur-
82 BULLETIN 138, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
‘
1 i} 4 ;
¥ ns
face without forming a definite marginal line; on the outer surface —
the granules almost disappear.
Measurements.—Male, holotype, length of carapace from outer
angle of orbit 34.7 mm., chord of antero-lateral margin, from outer angle of orbit to the interval behind the twelfth tooth (orbital tooth not counted) 24.5 mm.
Occurrence—Oregon: Rocky Point, 4 miles east of Yaquina City; Oligocene series; one specimen, holotype, showing less than half the carapace and a piece of the sternum with spine; in University